Microplastics, recognized as toxic contaminants, have pervaded terrestrial, atmospheric, and marine environments, transitioning from emerging pollutants to pervasive threats. About 10 % of the plastic produced worldwide enters into the ocean which constitutes 85 % of marine litter. Microplastic distribution holds the highest concentration in the Atlantic Ocean whereas the Southern Ocean holds the lowest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer is a disease that involves uncontrolled cell division triggered by genetic damage to the genes that control cell growth and division. Cancer starts as a localized illness, but subsequently spreads to other areas in the human body (metastasis), making it incurable. Cancer is the second most prevalent cause of mortality worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present study investigated the catalysis of Lupeol-loaded chitosan nanoparticles infused with NiAgO nanoparticles to create a NiAgO/Lup@CS nanocomposite. Recent advances in nanomaterials with unique architectures and functionalities have successfully treated contaminated soil and industrial wastewaters. Consequently, a lupeol@chitosan nanoparticle loaded with NiAgO was created, and its catalytic effectiveness in degrading industrial dye pollution was examined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing veterinary medicine, particularly in the domain of veterinary anatomy. At present, there is no existing review article in the literature that examines the prospects and challenges associated with the use of AI in animal anatomy education.
Study Design: Narrative review.
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming veterinary diagnostic imaging, offering improved accuracy, speed, and efficiency in analyzing complex anatomical structures. AI-powered systems, including deep learning and convolutional neural networks, show promise in interpreting medical images from various modalities like X-rays, ultrasounds, CT scans, and MRI/mammography.
Study Design: Narrative review OBJECTIVE: This review aims to explore the innovations and challenges of AI-enabled imaging tools in veterinary diagnostics and surgery, highlighting their potential impact on diagnostic accuracy, surgical risk mitigation, and personalized veterinary healthcare.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
February 2025
This study characterizes the steroidal saponin diosgenin by theoretical and experimental spectroscopic techniques. Theoretical simulations were performed using the DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) basis set to simulate spectroscopic, structural and other properties. Optimized geometries from simulations and experiments showed strong agreement, with R value of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlastic pollution is an extreme environmental threat, necessitating novel restoration solutions. The present investigation investigates the integration of machine learning (ML) techniques with catalytic degradation processes to improve plastic waste management. Catalytic degradation is emphasized for its efficiency and selectivity, while several machine learning techniques are assessed for their capacity to enhance these processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite advancements in wastewater treatment technologies, heavy metal contamination, especially cadmium (Cd), severely threatens human health and ecosystems. The purpose of this work is to compare the removal of Cd (II) ions from aqueous solutions by chemically modified mixed seaweed biosorbent (CMSB) and physically modified mixed seaweed biosorbent (PMSB). BET, SEM, EDAX, FTIR, and XRD techniques characterized the mixed seaweed biosorbents before and after adsorption.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are pervasive ecological pollutants produced essentially during the inadequate burning of organic materials. PAHs are a group of different organic compounds that are made out of various aromatic rings. PAHs pose a serious risk to humans and aquatic ecosystems because of their mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProbiotics in shrimp aquaculture have gained considerable attention as a potential solution to enhance production efficiency, disease management, and overall sustainability. Probiotics, beneficial microorganisms, have shown promising effects when administered to shrimp as dietary supplements or water additives. Their inclusion has been linked to improved gut health, nutrient absorption, and disease resistance in shrimp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPollution is a global menace that poses harmful effects on all the living ecosystems and to the Earth. As years pass by, the available and the looming rate of pollutants increases at a faster rate. Although many treatments and processing strategies are waged for treating such pollutants, the by-products and the wastes or drain off generated by these treatments further engages in the emission of hazardous waste.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe growing concentrations of micropollutants in aquatic ecosystems are a global water quality issue. Understanding micropollutants varied chemical composition and potency is essential to solving this complex issue. Micropollutants management requires identifying contaminants to reduce, optimal reduction targets, and the best wastewater recycling locations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotic overuse has resulted in the microevolution of drug-tolerant bacteria. Understandably it has become one of the most significant obstacles of the current century for scientists and researchers to overcome. Bacteria have a tendency to form biofilm as a survival mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn a moving bed-biofilm reactor (MBBR), the fluidization efficiency, immobilization of microbial cells, and treatment efficiency are directly influenced by the shape and pores of biofilm carriers. Moreover, the efficacy of bioremediation mainly depends on their interaction interface with microbes and substrate. This review aims to comprehend the role of different carrier properties such as material shapes, pores, and surface area on bioremediation productivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiogas generation using food waste anaerobic co-digestion with activated sludge provides a cleaner addressable system, an excellent solution to global challenges, the increasing energy demands, fuel charges, pollution and wastewater treatment. Regardless of the anaerobic digestate end product values, the technology lacks efficiency and process instability due to substrate irregularities. Process parameters and substrate composition, play a vital role in the efficiency and outcome of the system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImage fusion can be performed on images either in spatial domain or frequency domain methods. Frequency domain methods will be most preferred because these methods can improve the quality of edges in an image. In image fusion, the resultant fused images will be more informative than individual input images, thus more suitable for classification problems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtein misfolding occurs due to the loss of native protein structure and adopts an abnormal structure, wherein the misfolded proteins accumulate and form aggregates, which result in the formation of amyloid fibrils that are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Amyloid beta (Aβ42) aggregation or amyloidosis is contemplated as a unique hallmark characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Due to aberrant accrual and aggregation of Aβ42 in extracellular space, the formation of senile plaques is found in AD patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSemen parameters are been found as a key factor to evaluate the count and morphology in the given semen sample. The deep knowledge of male infertility will unravel with semen parameters correlated with molecular and biochemical parameters. The current research study is to identify the motility associated protein and its structure through the approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by and its and antibacterial activity against in was demonstrated in the study. growth curve analysis, cell viability and bacterial inhibitory assays were performed to test the efficacy of synthesised AgNPs against bacteria. Sodium caseinate was used as an encapsulating agent to deliver the antibacterial drugs and the commercial process of microencapsulation comprises the antibacterial bioelements for oral administration to improve the disease resistance of AgNPs against due to the eco-friendly for non-toxic behaviour of nanoparticle and their treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by distinct aging-independent loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region urging toward neuronal loss. Over the decade, various key findings from clinical perspective to molecular pathogenesis have aided in understanding the genetics with assorted genes related with PD. Subsequently, several pathways have been incriminated in the pathogenesis of PD, involving mitochondrial dysfunction, protein aggregation, and misfolding.
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