SCRAPS: Introducing a Student-Centered Resident-Administered PACS Simulator for Medical Student Radiology Education.

Rationale And Objectives: Traditional medical student radiology experiences often lack interactivity and fail to replicate the clinical experience of being a radiologist. This study introduces SCRAPS, a novel simulation-based paradigm designed to improve the medical student experience and provide an active learning opportunity as part of their radiology rotation.

Materials And Methods: SCRAPS utilizes a consumer-grade laptop, common word processing software, a free to use PACS and resident instructors to place students in a simulated reading-room environment.

Optimization of duplex velocity criteria for diagnosis of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis: A report of the Intersocietal Accreditation Commission (IAC) Vascular Testing Division Carotid Diagnostic Criteria Committee.

Diagnostic criteria to classify severity of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis vary across vascular laboratories. Consensus-based criteria, proposed by the Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound in 2003 (SRUCC), have been broadly implemented but have not been adequately validated. We conducted a multicentered, retrospective correlative imaging study of duplex ultrasound versus catheter angiography for evaluation of severity of ICA stenosis.

Midwives' views towards women using mHealth and eHealth to self-monitor their pregnancy: A systematic review of the literature.

Introduction: There are many mobile telephone apps to help women self-monitor aspects of pregnancy and maternal health. This literature review aims to understand midwives' perspectives on women self-monitoring their pregnancy using eHealth and mHealth, and establish gaps in research.

Methods: MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and PsycINFO were systematically searched on midwifery, eHealth/mHealth and perspectives.

A change in practice after the introduction of a state-wide service plan: standardisation of the provision of care to patients with an eating disorder in a regional hospital including support from a new Eating Disorders Outreach Service.

Objective: A state-wide service plan was introduced to guide local practice of the inpatient management of patients with an eating disorder. There was significant change in our management of such patients in our regional hospital. Our aim is to describe the changes and characterise our current practice.

Gaps in Mental Health Care for Youth With Rheumatologic Conditions: A Mixed Methods Study of Perspectives From Behavioral Health Providers.

Objective: To identify behavioral health provider perspectives on gaps in mental health care for youth with rheumatologic conditions.

Methods: Social workers (n = 34) and psychologists (n = 8) at pediatric rheumatology centers in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) completed an online survey assessing current practices and mental health care needs of youth with rheumatologic conditions. Responses were compared to a published survey of CARRA rheumatologists (n = 119).

Evaluation of the GeneXpert for Human Monkeypox Diagnosis.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV), a zoonotic orthopoxvirus (OPX), is endemic in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Currently, diagnostic assays for human monkeypox (MPX) focus on real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, which are typically performed in sophisticated laboratory settings. Herein, we evaluated the accuracy and utility of a multiplex MPX assay using the GeneXpert platform, a portable rapid diagnostic device that may serve as a point-of-care test to diagnose infections in endemic areas.

The illness experience of youth with lupus/mixed connective tissue disease: a mixed methods analysis of patient and parent perspectives.

Objective: We aimed to develop a model of the illness experience for youth with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)/mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD).

Methods: We conducted 32 semi-structured interviews with 16 outpatient youth with SLE/MCTD, age 11 to 22 years, and their parents. We qualitatively defined key features of illness for families and distinguished profiles of youth adapting well vs poorly to SLE/MCTD.

Identifying Gaps in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV: A Case Series of HIV-positive Infants in Zambia.

Background: To determine the timing of prevention of mother-to-child transmission cascade programmatic barriers to understand the service gaps in preparation for scale up of Option B+ in the Southern Province of Zambia.

Methods: A database search of the National Dried Blood Spot Registry in Zambia for DNA polymerase chain reaction identified human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected infants from 5 facilities in 2 districts in Southern Province, Zambia over a 6-month observation period (January 2013 to June 2013).

Results: Seventeen HIV-positive infants out of 459 infants tested were identified from 5 health facilities that provided antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation within the antenatal care (ANC) clinic, for a transmission rate of 3.

Identifying Targets for Improving Mental Healthcare of Adolescents with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Perspectives from Pediatric Rheumatology Clinicians in the United States and Canada.

Objective: To identify targets for improving mental healthcare of adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by assessing current practices and perceived barriers for mental health intervention by pediatric rheumatology clinicians.

Methods: Members of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) completed a Web-based survey assessing current mental health practices, beliefs, and barriers. We examined associations between provider characteristics and the frequency of barriers to mental health screening and treatment using multivariable linear regression.

Systematic Differences between Cochrane and Non-Cochrane Meta-Analyses on the Same Topic: A Matched Pair Analysis.

Background: Meta-analyses conducted via the Cochrane Collaboration adhere to strict methodological and reporting standards aiming to minimize bias, maximize transparency/reproducibility, and improve the accuracy of summarized data. Whether this results in differences in the results reported by meta-analyses on the same topic conducted outside the Cochrane Collaboration is an open question.

Methods: We conducted a matched-pair analysis with individual meta-analyses as the unit of analysis, comparing Cochrane and non-Cochrane reviews.

Barriers and facilitators for mental healthcare in pediatric lupus and mixed connective tissue disease: a qualitative study of youth and parent perspectives.

Background: Untreated mental health problems may result in poor outcomes for youth with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). We investigated perceptions, barriers and facilitators for mental healthcare of these youth.

Methods: We conducted 32 semi-structured interviews with 16 outpatient youth with SLE/MCTD, ages 11-22 years, and their parents.

Depression and anxiety and their association with healthcare utilization in pediatric lupus and mixed connective tissue disease patients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Depression and anxiety adversely affects outcomes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and healthcare utilization is high for pediatric SLE. We aimed to characterize the prevalence of depression and anxiety in pediatric SLE, and their association with healthcare utilization.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of pediatric SLE and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) subjects and healthy controls aged 8 years and above.

Development of a multiplex real-time PCR assay for the detection of ruminant DNA.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has previously validated a real-time PCR-based assay that is currently being used by the FDA and several state laboratories as the official screening method.

Plant poisons: their occurrence, biochemistry and physiological properties.

Plants produce poisons as a defence against predators. Many of these substances are biosynthesised from non-protein amino acids by biosynthetic pathways which have been deduced from the results of isotopic tracer analysis. These secondary metabolites have been used by humans over thousands of years, both as drugs and as agents to kill animals and commit homicide.

Butterflies as indicators of climate change.

In Britain, most butterfly species reach the limit of their range due to climate. Such species are the ones most likely to show rapid adaptations to climate change. There are indications that several butterfly species are adapting and that these insects make good indicators of the likely effects of climate change on other animals.

Real-time PCR assays for quantification and differentiation of Vibrio vulnificus strains in oysters and water.

Vibrio vulnificus is an autochthonous estuarine bacterium and a pathogen that is frequently transmitted via raw shellfish. Septicemia can occur within 24 h; however, isolation and confirmation from water and oysters require days. Real-time PCR assays were developed to detect and differentiate two 16S rRNA variants, types A and B, which were previously associated with environmental sources and clinical fatalities, respectively.

Gardens as an aid to the conservation of some butterfly species.

The Butterfly Conservation national garden butterfly survey aimed to formulate the perfect butterfly garden. Adult butterflies feed on sugary substances whilst their larvae eat highly specific plants which vary according to butterfly species. Many male butterflies need territorial perches, while some species need places to hibernate for the winter and all need roosting sites at night and during bad weather.

Development of a multiplex real-time PCR assay with an internal amplification control for the detection of total and pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria in oysters.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is an estuarine bacterium that is the leading cause of shellfish-associated cases of bacterial gastroenteritis in the United States. Our laboratory developed a real-time multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of the thermolabile hemolysin (tlh), thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), and thermostable-related hemolysin (trh) genes of V. parahaemolyticus.

Evaluation of an alkaline phosphatase-labeled oligonucleotide probe for the detection and enumeration of the thermostable-related hemolysin (trh) gene of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Reliable methods are needed to detect total and pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus. One marker of V. parahaemolyticus virulence is the thermostable-related hemolysin.

A real-time PCR assay for the rapid determination of 16S rRNA genotype in Vibrio vulnificus.

In a terminal restriction fragment polymorphism (T-RFLP) study, we recently reported a significant association between the type B 16S rRNA gene and clinical strains of Vibrio vulnificus associated with the consumption of raw oysters. In the present study we describe a real-time PCR assay for the rapid determination of the 16S rRNA type of V. vulnificus isolates.

Multiplex PCR detection of clinical and environmental strains of Vibrio vulnificus in shellfish.

In this study, we developed a PCR-based rapid detection method for clinically important pathogenic strains of Vibrio vulnificus. Positive amplification of the 504-bp viuB fragment was seen in all 22 clinical isolates tested but only in 8 out of 33 environmental isolates. The combination of the species-specific 205-bp vvh fragment along with viuB in a multiplexed PCR enabled us to confirm the presence of potentially pathogenic strains of V.