Raw starch degrading alkaline α-amylase from Geobacillus kaustophilus TSCCA02: Production, characterization, and its potential for application as a detergent additive.

Geobacillus kaustophilus TSCCA02, a newly isolated strain from cassava (Manihot esculenta L.) rhizosphere soil in Thailand, showed maximum raw starch degrading enzyme (RSDE) activity at 252.3 ± 9.

Conversion of golden oyster mushroom, to sugar syrup using enzymatic hydrolysis as a substrate for novel bacterial cellulose () fermentation.

Enzymatic hydrolysis of the golden oyster mushroom () generated a new bacterial cellulose (BC). The sugar syrup obtained from the hydrolysis of mushroom powder by commercial enzymes gave maximum total soluble solids (TSS) content at 8.83 ± 0.

Application of raw starch degrading enzyme from LP175 for development of bacterial cellulose fermentation using colored rice as substrate.

Unlabelled: Brown and black rice substrates were applied for sugar syrup production by the hydrolysis of raw starch degrading enzyme (RSDE) from LP175 (300 U/mL) and commercial glucoamylase (GA, 2.0 U/mL) at 50 °C for 12 h using a simplex centroid mixture design. Results indicated that 300 g/L of substrates, consisting of 255 g/L Leum Pua glutinous rice and 45 g/L Black Jasmine rice, gave the highest sugar syrup production at 124.

Production and development of vinegar fermentation from broken Riceberry rice using raw starch-degrading enzyme hydrolysis.

Broken Riceberry rice was used as a substrate for sugar syrup production by the hydrolysis of raw starch-degrading enzyme as a low-temperature amylase (iKnowZyme LTAA, Thailand). Response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite design (CCD) showed that an optimized substrate concentration of 250 g/L yielded 13°Brix of total soluble solid (TSS) content when incubated at 50 °C for 12 h. The major product from the broken Riceberry rice hydrolysis was glucose with lesser amounts of maltose and maltotriose.

Actinomycetospora endophytica sp. nov., isolated from wild orchid (Podochilus microphyllus Lindl.) in Thailand.

A novel endophytic actinomycete, designated strain A-T 8314, was isolated from a wild orchid, Podochilus microphyllus Lindl., collected from Trat Province, Thailand. The taxonomic position of strain A-T 8314 was established using a combination of genotypic and phenotypic analyses.

Polycladomyces subterraneus sp. nov., isolated from soil in Thailand.

A thermophilic poly(L-lactide)-degrading Gram-stain-positive filamentous bacterial strain that develops single spores on the aerial mycelium was isolated from forest soil at Srinagarind Dam, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. The results of a polyphasic taxonomic study showed that our isolate had characteristics typical of members of the genus Polycladomyces. The isolate grew aerobically at an optimum temperature of 50-55 °C and optimal pH 6-7.

Enhanced production of raw starch degrading enzyme using agro-industrial waste mixtures by thermotolerant Rhizopus microsporus for raw cassava chip saccharification in ethanol production.

In the present study, solid-state fermentation for the production of raw starch degrading enzyme was investigated by thermotolerant Rhizopus microsporus TISTR 3531 using a combination of agro-industrial wastes as substrates. The obtained crude enzyme was applied for hydrolysis of raw cassava starch and chips at low temperature and subjected to nonsterile ethanol production using raw cassava chips. The agro-industrial waste ratio was optimized using a simplex axial mixture design.

Antagonistic activity of endo-β-1,3-glucanase from a novel isolate, Streptomyces sp. 9X166, against black rot in orchids.

A total of 123 actinomycetes was isolated from 12 varieties of wild orchids and screened for potential antagonistic activity against Phytophthora, which causes black rot disease in orchids. In vitro and in vivo experimental results revealed that Streptomyces sp. strain 9X166 showed the highest antagonistic activity; its β-1,3-glucanase production ability was a key mechanism for growth inhibition of the pathogen.

Simultaneous production of l-lactic acid with high optical activity and a soil amendment with food waste that demonstrates plant growth promoting activity.

A unique method to produce highly optically-active l-lactic acid and soil amendments that promote plant growth from food waste was proposed. Three Bacillus strains Bacillus subtilis KBKU21, B. subtilis N3-9 and Bacillus coagulans T27, were used.

sp. nov., isolated from mangrove sediment.

An aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, motile, coccus-shaped actinobacterium, designated strain L2-1-L1, was isolated from mangrove sediment in Thailand. The organism was deep orange, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive. Growth occurred at temperatures between 17 and 32 °C and with NaCl concentrations up to 10 %.

Purification and characterization of three β-glycosidases exhibiting high glucose tolerance from Aspergillus niger ASKU28.

Production and utilization of cellulosic ethanol has been limited, partly due to the difficulty in degradation of cellulosic feedstock. β-Glucosidases convert cellobiose to glucose in the final step of cellulose degradation, but they are inhibited by high concentrations of glucose. Thus, in this study, we have screened, isolated, and characterized three β-glycosidases exhibiting highly glucose-tolerant property from Aspergillus niger ASKU28, namely β-xylosidase (P1.

Sinosporangium siamense sp. nov., isolated from soil and emended description of the genus Sinosporangium.

An actinomycetes strain A-T 1946(T) that developed spherical sporangia containing non-motile spores on aerial mycelia was isolated from dry deciduous forest soil in Thailand. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain A-T 1946(T) belongs to the genus Sinosporangium, being closely related to Sinosporangium album 6014(T) (98.8% sequence similarity).

Characterization of poly(L-lactide)-degrading enzyme produced by thermophilic filamentous bacteria Laceyella sacchari LP175.

Eleven strains of poly(L-lactide) (PLLA)-degrading thermophilic bacteria were isolated from forest soils and selected based on clear zone formation on an emulsified PLLA agar plate at 50°C. Among the isolates, strain LP175 showed the highest PLLA-degrading ability. It was closely related to Laceyella sacchari, with 99.

Poly(L-lactide)-degrading enzyme production by Actinomadura keratinilytica T16-1 in 3 L airlift bioreactor and its degradation ability for biological recycle.

The optimal physical factors affecting enzyme production in an airlift fermenter have not been studied so far. Therefore, the physical parameters such as aeration rate, pH, and temperature affecting PLA-degrading enzyme production by Actinomadura keratinilytica strain T16-1 in a 3 l airlift fermenter were investigated. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize PLA-degrading enzyme production by implementing the central composite design.

Purification and characterization of a thermostable xylanase from Saccharopolyspora pathumthaniensis S582 isolated from the gut of a termite.

An extracellular thermostable xylanase produced by Saccharopolyspora pathumthaniensis S582 was purified 167-fold to homogeneity with a recovery yield of 12%. The purified xylanase appeared as a single protein band on SDS-PAGE, with a molecular mass of 36 kDa. The optimal temperature and pH of the xylanase were 70 °C and 6.

Saccharopolyspora pathumthaniensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycetes isolated from termite guts (Speculitermes sp.).

Morphological and chemotaxonomic characterization of actinomycete strain S582 isolated from the gut of a termite (Speculitermes sp.) in Pathum Thani Province, Thailand, clearly demonstrated that this strain is a member of the genus Saccharopolyspora. 16S rDNA sequence analysis for the strain supported the assignment of the strain to the genus Saccharopolyspora.

Sphaerisporangium krabiense sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A Gram-staining-positive, filamentous bacterial strain, designated A-T 0308(T), was isolated from soil of a tropical mangrove forest in Thailand. Strain A-T 0308(T) developed spherical sporangia containing non-motile spores on aerial mycelium. The novel strain contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, N-acetyl-type peptidoglycan and madurose, mannose, ribose, galactose and glucose as whole-cell sugars.

Herbidospora sakaeratensis sp. nov., isolated from soil, and reclassification of Streptosporangium claviforme as a later synonym of Herbidospora cretacea.

An actinomycete strain, DMKUA 205(T), was isolated from a soil sample collected from the Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve in Nakhonratchasima Province, Thailand. The novel strain produced short chains of non-motile spores on the tips of long sporophores branching from the vegetative hyphae. The morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of this new isolate corresponded to those of members of the genus Herbidospora.

A novel poly (L-lactide) degrading actinomycetes isolated from Thai forest soil, phylogenic relationship and the enzyme characterization.

Thirteen poly (L-lactide)-degrading microorganisms were isolated and selected based on their ability of clear zone formation on an emulsified PLA agar plate and the enzyme activity in culture broth. According to phenotypic properties and 16S rRNA gene sequence, these strains were classified to various families such as Thermomonosporaceae, Micromonosporaceae, Streptosporangiaceae, Bacillaceae and Thermoactinomycetaceae. Strain T16-1, identified as Actinomadura sp.

Optimization of lactic acid production by pellet-form Rhizopus oryzae in 3-L airlift bioreactor using response surface methodology.

The influence of two key environmental factors, pH and oxygen transfer coefficient (k(L)a), was evaluated on the lactic acid production as the main answer and, on the size of cell pellets of the fungal strain Rhizopus oryzae KPS106, as second dependant answer by response surface methodology using a central composite design. The results of the analysis of variance and modeling demonstrated that pH and k(L)a had a significant effect on lactic acid production by this strain. However, no interaction was observed between these two experimental factors.

Planotetraspora kaengkrachanensis sp. nov. and Planotetraspora phitsanulokensis sp. nov., isolated from soil.

Two novel bacterial strains were isolated from tropical rain forest soil from Thailand. Strains A-T 0875(T) and A-T 1383(T) stained Gram-positive and were filamentous bacteria that developed cylindrical sporangia containing four oval- to rod-shaped spores at the ends of short sporangiophores on branched aerial mycelium. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, glutamic acid and alanine as cell-wall amino acids; whole-cell hydrolysates contained rhamnose, madurose, glucose, galactose and 3-O-methylmannose as whole-cell sugars.

Microbispora siamensis sp. nov., a thermotolerant actinomycete isolated from soil.

An actinomycete, strain DMKUA 245(T), isolated from soil, was investigated using a polyphasic approach. The isolate formed longitudinally paired spores on the tips of short sporophores that branched alternately from aerial hyphae. The morphological and chemotaxonomic properties clearly demonstrated that the new isolate belonged to the genus Microbispora.

Comparative characterization of L-lactic acid-producing thermotolerant Rhizopus fungi.

Acid-producing Rhizopus fungi from loog-pang, a traditional Thai fermented food, was screened to investigate its potential for use in industrial lactic acid production from starch. A thermotolerant strain, TISTR 3518, was isolated and characterized by its morphological, physiological, genetic and fermentation properties, and compared with its mesophilic isolates, TISTR 3514 and TISTR 3523. TISTR 3518 was characterized by shorter sporangiophores and smaller sporangia than the other isolates; however, apparent differences between the mesophilic isolates and the strain could not be clarified.