Discrimination and dental students: What is the reality in Brazilian institutions?

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate whether there is discrimination in the dental educational environment, assess the main reasons for the discriminatory events, and if there is an association between discriminatory episodes and sociodemographic characteristics of undergraduate dental students.

Materials And Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted with a self-administered questionnaire to students enrolled in three Brazilian dental schools. Questions included sociodemographic characteristics and the occurrence of discriminatory episodes in the dental academic environment.

3D-printed microgels supplemented with dentin matrix molecules as a novel biomaterial for direct pulp capping.

Objectives: To develop a 3D-printed, microparticulate hydrogel supplemented with dentin matrix molecules (DMM) as a novel regenerative strategy for dental pulp capping.

Materials And Methods: Gelatin methacryloyl microgels (7% w/v) mixed with varying concentrations of DMM were printed using a digital light projection 3D printer and lyophilized for 2 days. The release profile of the DMM-loaded microgels was measured using a bicinchoninic acid assay.

In-vitro models of biocompatibility testing for restorative dental materials: From 2D cultures to organs on-a-chip.

Dental caries is a biofilm-mediated, diet-modulated, multifactorial and dynamic disease that affects more than 90% of adults in Western countries. The current treatment for decayed tissue is based on using materials to replace the lost enamel or dentin. More than 500 million dental restorations are placed annually worldwide, and materials used for these purposes either directly or indirectly interact with dentin and pulp tissues.

Is dentin biomodification with collagen cross-linking agents effective for improving dentin adhesion? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness of collagen cross-linking agents (CCLAs) used in combination with the adhesive technique in restorative procedures.

Materials And Methods: In this systematic review, the authors followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. An electronic search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and DOSS, up to October 2020.

Cashew nut shell liquids: Antimicrobial compounds in prevention and control of the oral biofilms.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of natural (n-CNSL) and technical (t-CNSL) cashew nut shell liquid against streptococci and enterococci related to dental caries and chronic apical periodontitis, respectively.

Material And Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined to assess the antimicrobial effect of both CNSLs (n-CSNL and t-CNSL) against S. oralis ATCC 10557, S.

Intraradicular Dentin Biomodification with Natural Agents for Bonding Glass-fiber Posts.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of pretreatment with different crosslinking agents on glass-fiber-post adhesive luting.

Materials And Methods: Single-rooted human teeth (n = 20) were randomly assigned to four groups: proanthocyanidins (PA) from grape-seed extract, cardol and cardanol (separated from cashew nut-shell liquid) and negative control (hydroethanolic solution). The solutions were applied on 37% phosphoric acid-etched dentin for 60 s.

Influence of the degree of conversion and Bis-GMA residues of bulk fill resins on tissue toxicity in an subcutaneous model in rats.

Aim: To analyse the influence of the degree of conversion (DC) and light curing residues of different bulk fills (BFs) composites on the inflammatory profile in the subcutaneous tissue of rats.

Materials And Methods: Resin disks of BF-resins and their active conventional resins (CR; 3M®, Ivoclar®, and Kerr®) were light-cured at 2 mm (BF-superficial) and 4 mm (BF-deep) thicknesses and analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR;  = 3/group; DC and light curing residues). Then, the disks were implanted in four quadrants in the subcutaneous tissue of Wistar rats (sham, CR, BF-superficial and RF-deep), and after 7, 14, and 28 days, the animals ( = 6/day) were euthanized for histological analysis of the intensity of the inflammatory process (scores 0-3).

Clinically relevant outcomes in dental clinical trials: challenges and proposals.

The impact of clinical trials on patient care depends on the outcomes that they evaluate. In Dentistry, many trials use outcomes that are important to clinicians, but not to the patients. Thus, the aim of the present manuscript is to present an overview of the limitations, challenges, and proposals on the use of clinically relevant outcomes (CRO) in dental trials.

Two-year clinical evaluation of a proanthocyanidins-based primer in non-carious cervical lesions: A double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: This double-blind randomized clinical trial evaluated the influence of pre-treatment with proanthocyanidins (PA) from grape seed extract on the clinical behavior of a simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive placed in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) over 6- and 24-months.

Materials And Methods: A total of 135 restorations were randomly inserted in 45 subjects. The NCCLs were etched with 37 % phosphoric acid for 15 s and distributed into 3 groups: Control (PA0) - adhesive ExciTE F applied as per the manufacturer's recommendations; PA2 and PA5 groups - 2 wt% and 5 wt% PA solution, respectively, were applied for 60 s and washed for 30 s prior to application of the adhesive.

Ethanol as Dentin Pretreatment on the Bonding Performance of a Two-Step Etch-and-Rinse Adhesive: An In Vivo Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of 70 vol.% ethanol as a dentin pretreatment on the bond strength (BS) of a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive.

Materials And Methods: Resin composite Class I restorations were clinically bonded to acid-etched dentin of human sound third molars using Adper Single Bond 2 (SB, 3M ESPE) and randomly divided into two major groups: dentin saturated with water (control) or 70 vol.

In Vitro Evaluation of Experimental Self-Adhesive Orthodontic Composites Used to Bond Ceramic Brackets.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength (FS), and shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramic brackets bonded to enamel with experimental self-adhesive orthodontic composites. Functional monomers 10-methacryloyloxy-decyl-dihydrogen-phosphate (MDP) and glycerol-dimethacrylate-phosphate (GDMA-P) were used in experimental composites. They were compared to the same composite without an acidic monomer (negative control) and with enamel acid-etching prior to adhesive application (positive control).

Two-year clinical evaluation of proanthocyanidins added to a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive.

Objective: To compare the clinical behavior of Proanthocyanidins (PA)-free and PA-containing two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive used underneath resin composite restorations in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) over a 6- (6 M) and 24-month (24 M) period.

Methods: 135 restorations were randomly placed in 45 subjects. The NCCLs were conditioned (37% phosphoric acid for 15 s) and distributed into 3 groups: Control (EX0) - ExciTE F (Ivoclar Vivadent) adhesive applied following the manufacturer's recommendations; EX2 and EX5 - 2 wt% and 5 wt% of PA were added to ExciTE F, respectively, and applied as in EX0.

Physicochemical and Microbiological Assessment of an Experimental Composite Doped with Triclosan-Loaded Halloysite Nanotubes.

This study is aimed at evaluating the effects of triclosan-encapsulated halloysite nanotubes (HNT/TCN) on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of an experimental dental composite. A resin composite doped with HNT/TCN (8% /), a control resin composite without nanotubes (HNT/TCN-0%) and a commercial nanofilled resin (CN) were assessed for degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM), polymerization stress (PS), dynamic thermomechanical (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The antibacterial properties (M) were also evaluated using a 5-day biofilm assay (CFU/mL).

Effect of a one-step self-etch adhesive on endogenous dentin matrix metalloproteinases.

Degradation of the hybrid layer created in dentin by dentin adhesives is caused by enzyme activities present within the dentin matrix that destroy unprotected collagen fibrils. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a one-step self-etch adhesive system on dentinal matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 4 (MMP-2 and MMP-9, respectively) using in situ zymography and an enzymatic activity assay. The null hypothesis tested was that there are no differences in the activities of dentinal MMPs before and after treatment with a one-step adhesive system.

Clinical study of the caries-preventive effect of resin-modified glass ionomer restorations: aging versus the influence of fluoride dentifrice.

Aim: The use of fluoride-releasing materials could be compromised due to aging and might also be influenced by other ordinary sources of fluoride. The aim of the present study was to investigate the aging effect on caries development around resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) restorations and the influence of fluoride dentifrice use in this process under the oral environment.

Methods: A clinical study was performed in two phases of 14 days each.

Push-out bond strength of a self-adhesive resin cement used as endodontic sealer.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the bond strength of RelyX Unicem (3M) to root canal dentin when used as an endodontic sealer.

Materials And Methods: Samples of 24 single-rooted teeth were prepared with Gates Glidden drills and K3 files. After that, the roots were randomly assigned to three experimental groups (n = 8) according to the filling material, (1) AH Plus (Dentsply De Trey GmbH)/Gutta-Percha cone; (2) Epiphany SE (Pentron)/Resilon cone; (3) RelyX Unicem/Gutta-Percha cone.

Resin-dentin bonds of etch-and-rinse adhesives to alcohol-saturated acid-etched dentin.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the alcohol wet-bonding technique on bond performance of the adhesive interface produced by two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive systems.

Materials And Methods: Composite buildups were bonded to sectioned human third molars using Adper Single Bond 2 (SB) bonded to acid-etched dentin saturated with water (control) or ethanol, or XP Bond (XP) bonded to acid-etched dentin saturated with water (control) or tert-butanol. A simplified dentin dehydration protocol was performed using 100% ethanol or 99.

Biomechanical analysis of titanium plate systems in mandibular condyle fractures: a systematized literature review.

Purpose: To conduct a systematized review of the literature about the main methodologies used to evaluate the biomechanical fixation systems with titanium plates in fractures of the mandibular condyle.

Methods: A systematized review of literature was performed in the electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS and MEDLINE without restriction of the publication date. The eligibility criteria were laboratory studies involving mandibular condyle fractures, studies using titanium plates, biomechanical studies, in vitro and computational studies involving the finite element method (FEM).

Analysis of differential artificial ageing of the adhesive interface produced by a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive.

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of different in vitro ageing techniques on the dentine-bonded interface produced by a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive. Composite build-ups were bonded to sectioned human molars using XP BOND and cut into non-trimmed dentine-composite beams for microtensile testing. Beams were assigned to one of the following storage conditions: (i) artificial saliva, 24 h (control); (ii) 10% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 1 h; (iii) 10% NaOCl, 3 h; (iv) 60,000 thermal cycles, 2 months; (v) artificial saliva, 2 months; (vi) 60,000 thermal cycles, 6 months; and (vii) artificial saliva, 6 months.

ElectroBond improves immediate dentin microtensile bond strength of two etch-and-rinse adhesives.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether an electrical device for dental adhesive application (ElectroBond) influences bonding of two-step etch-and-rinse adhesives.

Materials And Methods: Human teeth were selected and cut perpendicularly to their long axis to expose middle/ deep dentin. Specimens were then longitudinally sectioned into halves (experimental and control halves) to create two similar bonding substrates.

Adhesion of a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive on collagen-depleted dentin.

Purpose: To evaluate microtensile bond strength and interfacial nanoleakage expression of adhesive interfaces created by XP-Bond on human deproteinized dentin immediately after bonding and after 6 months of artificial aging.

Materials And Methods: Noncarious human molars were selected, middle/deep dentin substrates were exposed, and either assigned to group 1 (XP-Bond applied on collagen-depleted dentin) or to group 2 (XP-Bond applied in accordance with manufacturers' instructions). In group 1, the etched dentin surface was treated with 10% NaOCl for 60 s to remove the exposed demineralized organic matrix before XP-Bond application.

2-year Clinical evaluation of sodium hypochlorite treatment in the restoration of non-carious cervical lesions: a pilot study.

This pilot study evaluated the effect of removing acid-etch-exposed dentin collagen on the clinical performance of composite restorations of noncarious cervical lesions placed using 2 different adhesive systems. Fifty-six restorations were placed in 14 subjects, each subject receiving at least 4 restorations. No cavity preparation or mechanical retention form was used.