[Perspective of primary care physicians on the management of dyslipidaemia in patients without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional study].

Background: Evidence suggests many dyslipidemic patients do not reach target low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in primary health care.

Objective: We aimed to describe the pharmacologic therapeutic management of dyslipidemia in patients without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) from the primary care physician's perspective in Spain.

Material And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study through an online survey directed to primary care physicians to explore their therapeutic management of dyslipidemia in patients without ASCVD, focusing on their knowledge and adherence to the 2019 European Society of Cardiology/ European Atherosclerosis Society (ESC/EAS) guidelines and their perspective concerning the barriers to achieving LDL-C therapeutic targets.

Executive summary: Updates to the dietary treatment of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Adequate lifestyle changes significantly reduce the cardiovascular risk factors associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, healthy eating habits, regular physical activity, abstaining from using tobacco, and good sleep hygiene are recommended for managing these conditions. There is solid evidence that diets that are plant-based; low in saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and sodium; and high in fiber, potassium, and unsaturated fatty acids are beneficial and reduce the expression of cardiovascular risk factors in these subjects.

Relationship beetween Primary and Hospital Care in cardiovascular prevention and treatment of dyslipidemias. Derivation algorithm. Discharge criteria.

Effective cardiovascular prevention requires taking advantage of all opportunities for patient contact with the Health Services in order to detect risk factors (CVRF) and global cardiovascular risk stratification (CVR). This particularly involves the Primary Care (PC) services, which must be coordinated with the Hospital Care (HC) in order to make all health resources available to the population. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the contribution of Occupational Health and Pharmacy services.

Executive summary: Updates to the dietary treatment of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Adequate lifestyle changes significantly reduce the cardiovascular risk factors associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, healthy eating habits, regular physical activity, abstaining from using tobacco, and good sleep hygiene are recommended for managing these conditions. There is solid evidence that diets that are plant-based; low in saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and sodium; and high in fiber, potassium, and unsaturated fatty acids are beneficial and reduce the expression of cardiovascular risk factors in these subjects.

Consensus document of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis (SEA) for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

A consensus document of the Diabetes working group of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis (SEA) is presented, based on the latest studies and conceptual changes that have appeared. It presents the cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the action guidelines for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with T2DM. The importance of lipid control, based on the objective of LDL-C and non-HDL-C when there is hypertriglyceridemia, and the blood pressure control in the prevention and treatment of CVD is evaluated.

[Usefulness of plant sterols in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia].

A consumption of 2 grams per day of plant sterols produces an inhibition of intestinal absorption of cholesterol and reduces the plasma concentration of c-LDL (cholesterol associated with low-density lipoprotein) by around 10%, which has determined its incorporation into different food products like margarines or dairy. The plant sterols develop their action in the intestine, where they reduce the absorption of cholesterol increasing their elimination fecal. In clinical practice, the use of functional foods with plant sterols at the recommended doses can be considered as a complement to lifestyle modifications, in individuals with hypercholesterolemia and low cardiovascular risk but who do not require hypocholesterolemic pharmacological treatment, and also in those patients receiving pharmacological treatment with lipid-lowering drugs and who do not get the therapeutic goals of c-LDL.

Consensus on the Statin of Choice in Patients with Impaired Glucose Metabolism: Results of the DIANA Study.

Introduction And Objectives: Despite the recognized clinical benefit of statins on cardiovascular prevention, providing correct management of hypercholesterolaemia, possible adverse effects of their use cannot be disregarded. Previously published data shows that there is a risk of developing diabetes mellitus or experiencing changes in glucose metabolism in statin-treated patients. The possible determining factors are the drug characteristics (potency, dose), patient characteristics (kidney function, age, cardiovascular risk and polypharmacy because of multiple disorders) and the pre-diabetic state.

Delphi consensus on the diagnosis and management of dyslipidaemia in chronic kidney disease patients: A post hoc analysis of the DIANA study.

Background And Objectives: This post hoc study analysed the perception of the relevance of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dyslipidaemia screening and the choice of statin among primary care physicians (PCPs) and other specialists through a Delphi questionnaire.

Methods: The questionnaire included 4blocks of questions concerning dyslipidaemic patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism. This study presents the results of the impact of CKD on screening and the choice of statin.

[Using plant sterols in clinical practice: From the chemistry to the clinic].

This paper describes what are plant sterols, the chemical structure to understand their mechanism of cholesterol-lowering action, and indications and contraindications in clinical practice.

[Patient's care and management of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients in the clinical practice in Spain: The LIPEDIA study].

Introduction: Treatment of atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) in type 2 diabetes (DM2) should focus on the global control of dyslipidemia. The aim of this study was to determine how hospital (MSs) and primary care specialist (GPs) from Spain manage AD in DM2 during their daily practice.

Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, multicentric study was conducted.