Cabergoline reduces the early onset of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: a prospective randomized study.

Prophylactic use of cabergoline has been associated with a decrease in the severity of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). A prospective randomized study was designed to evaluate the potential of cabergoline to decrease the incidence of OHSS in high-risk patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatment; 166 patients with oestradiol concentrations over 4000 pg/ml on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) administration were evaluated. They all received 20 g routine preventive intravenous human albumin on the day of oocyte retrieval.

Location of the embryo-transfer catheter guide before the internal uterine os improves the outcome of in vitro fertilization.

The objective of this study was to assess whether positioning the embryo transfer (ET) catheter guide at the time of embryo expulsion, before or beyond the internal os, has an impact on IVF cycle outcome. We performed a retrospective study comparing IVF outcomes in relation to the ET guide position relative to the internal uterine os. We analyzed ultrasound-guided ETs in IVF-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles, performed with the tip of the ET catheter guide just before the internal os (group 1) and beyond the internal os (group 2).

Embryos generated using testicular spermatozoa have higher developmental potential than those obtained using epididymal spermatozoa in men with obstructive azoospermia.

Objective: To determine whether the injection of testicular spermatozoa results in more viable embryos (higher implantation rate) than injection of epididymal spermatozoa in cases of obstructive azoospermia.

Design: Retrospective analysis of 265 cases of testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) and percutaneous sperm aspiration (PESA), including 185 cases of obstructive azoospermia.

Setting: Private Infertility clinic.

A prospective, randomized and blinded comparison between 10,000 IU urinary and 250 microg recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin for oocyte maturation in in vitro fertilization cycles.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of u-hCG with r-hCG in IVF cycles.

Methods: A prospective, investigator-blind, randomized, comparative study. Patients (n = 100) < or =35 years with IVF indication were randomly assigned on the day of hCG administration for oocyte maturation to receive either u-hCG (10,000 IU) or r-hCG (250 microg).

The optimal time for intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the human is from 37 to 41 hours after administration of human chorionic gonadotropin.

Fertilization rates increased continuously with the time elapsed after administration of hCG, reaching a peak of 84% when intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was performed >41 hours after hCG administration. However, the highest implantation rate, 24%, was achieved when ICSI was performed 37-41 hours after hCG administration.

Evidence of parthenogenetic origin of ovarian teratoma: case report.

This case report represents one of the few documented cases of parthenote embryo retrieval from an IVF patient with a history of ovarian teratomas. A 29-year-old woman presented at our centre with a history of primary infertility for 6 years due to male factor. She had undergone left oophorectomy 4 years before due to an ovarian teratoma.

Impact of subserosal and intramural uterine fibroids that do not distort the endometrial cavity on the outcome of in vitro fertilization-intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

Objective: To further evaluate the effects of intramural and subserosal uterine fibroids on the outcome of IVF-ET, when there is no compression of the endometrial cavity.

Design: Retrospective, matched-control study from January 2000 to October 2001.

Setting: Private IVF center.

Uterine cavity findings and hysteroscopic interventions in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer who repeatedly cannot conceive.

Objective: To assess hysteroscopic findings in patients undergoing IVF-ET who repeatedly failed to conceive despite transfer of good-quality embryos.

Design: Prospective, observational study.

Setting: Clinical research unit for reproductive medicine in a private clinic.

ICSI and day 5 embryo transfers: higher implantation rates and lower rate of multiple pregnancy with prolonged culture.

This retrospective review study, carried out in a private IVF clinic, compared pregnancy and implantation rates with day 3 versus day 5 embryo transfers in a selected group of patients. Participants were patients who failed to achieve pregnancy in at least one previous attempt with embryo transfer on days 2 or 3, and had more than five oocytes fertilized. A total of 296 patients who had undergone day 3 (group A) transfers were compared with 154 who had undergone day 5 transfers (group B).

Heterotopic triplet pregnancy: report and video of a case of a ruptured tubal implantation with living embryo concurrent with an intrauterine twin gestation.

This report presents a case of triplet heterotopic gestation after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-IVF treatment, with a left ruptured ectopic tubal implantation with a living embryo and successful outcome of the concurrent intrauterine twin gestation. A couple whose infertility was caused by oligoasthenozoospermia was referred for ICSI treatment. Three good quality embryos were transferred at the request of the patient.

Novel use of laser to assist ICSI for patients with fragile oocytes: a case report.

An inadvertent consequence of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is the degeneration of some of the microinjected oocytes. Most patients may not suffer any disadvantage through losing oocyte(s) during micromanipulation; however, in some circumstances, this can result in a reduction of the chances for pregnancy. This study reports a clinical pregnancy obtained by a novel approach using laser-assisted micro-opening of the zona pellucida prior to ICSI to secure a non-traumatic microinjection that avoids degeneration of oocytes.

Relationship between time period after vasectomy and the reproductive capacity of sperm obtained by epididymal aspiration.

Background: It is not well defined whether the elapsed time after vasectomy has any influence on the outcome of IVF-ICSI using epididymal sperm. We analysed retrospectively the results of 151 ICSI cycles in which sperm of vasectomized men were used at different time periods after vasectomy.

Methods: Oocytes were obtained after a desensitizing ovarian stimulation protocol using GnRH agonist in association with recombinant FSH and HCG.