3D-Printed Osteoinductive Polymeric Scaffolds with Optimized Architecture to Repair a Sheep Metatarsal Critical-Size Bone Defect.

The reconstruction of critical-size bone defects in long bones remains a challenge for clinicians. A new osteoinductive medical device is developed here for long bone repair by combining a 3D-printed architectured cylindrical scaffold made of clinical-grade polylactic acid (PLA) with a polyelectrolyte film coating delivering the osteogenic bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2). This film-coated scaffold is used to repair a sheep metatarsal 25-mm long critical-size bone defect.

Preoperative computed tomography, surgical treatment and long-term outcomes of dogs with abscesses on migrating vegetal foreign bodies and oropharyngeal stick injuries: 39 cases (2010-2021).

Objectives: This study evaluated success rates of surgical treatment of head and neck abscesses and draining tracts for suspected migrating vegetal foreign body and oropharyngeal penetrating injuries, and compared the outcomes according to whether a vegetal foreign body was identified in preoperative computed tomography (CT) examination.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study involved 39 dogs that underwent CT and subsequent surgical exploration of abscesses and/or draining tracts in the head and neck, in a single institution between 2010 and 2021. Recorded data included signalment, history, physical examination, CT and surgical findings.

Evaluation of a small-bore needle arthroscope for diagnosis and treatment of medial coronoid disease in dogs: a pilot study with short-term assessment.

Case History: Dogs (n = 15) that were presented to a single veterinary teaching hospital with elbow dysplasia-associated lameness between September 2021 and May 2022, and were determined to require arthroscopy based on imaging results, were prospectively recruited into the study. The median duration of lameness was 4 (min 1, max 24) months.

Clinical Findings: Various breeds were represented with a median body weight of 31.

Feline ureteral rupture with para-ureteral urinomas following blunt trauma: clinical presentation and long-term outcome after treatment by urinary diversion for five cases from 2012 to 2019.

Case History: Medical records were reviewed for cats that underwent surgical treatment of traumatic ureteral rupture (TUR) using urinary diversion procedures between 2012 and 2019.

Clinical Findings And Treatment: Five cats had presented with injuries associated with road traffic accidents. These included three cats with abdominal hernias that required surgical management.

Needle arthroscopy for exploration of the elbow joint: a case series of six dogs with preliminary cadaveric study.

Case History: Dogs (n = 6) suffering from elbow-associated lameness for a median of 3.5 (min 2, max 12) months duration requiring arthroscopic exploration according to imaging results were prospectively included in this study.

Clinical Findings: Dogs that met the inclusion criteria were of various breeds with a median body weight of 18 (min 13.

Outcomes of 25 female dogs treated for ectopic ureters by open surgery or cystoscopic-guided laser ablation.

Objective: To report outcomes after the correction of ectopic ureter (EU) by open surgery or cystoscopic-guided laser ablation (CLA) in female dogs.

Study Design: Retrospective study from 2011 to 2018.

Animals: Twenty-five female dogs.

Surgically treated congenital cleft palate in a 4-month-old kitten: medium-term clinical and CT assessment.

Case Summary: A 4-month-old female domestic shorthair kitten was presented for a congenital cleft palate causing nasal discharge and sneezing episodes. CT revealed a palatal bone defect involving 20% of the palatal area. Surgical correction of both the hard and soft palate defects was performed using the overlapping and medially positioned flap techniques, respectively.

Remnants-preserving ACL reconstruction using direct tendinous graft fixation: a new rat model.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair techniques are new emerging strategies prevailing, in selected cases, over standard reconstruction of the ACL with excision of its remnants. Mid-substance ACL tears represent a challenge for ACL repair techniques, and remnants-preserving ACL reconstruction (rp-ACLR) using an autograft remains the recommended treatment in this situation. However, morbidity associated with the autograft harvesting prompts the need for alternative surgical strategies based on the use of synthetic scaffolds.

Treatment of urinary incontinence in a cat with genitourinary dysplasia using an urethral sphincter occluder.

A 2-year-old spayed female Maine Coon presented with urinary incontinence and recurrent urinary tract infection since 2 months of age. Clinical examination was unremarkable. Ultrasonography, CT and cystourethroscopy revealed urogenital abnormalities consistent with genitourinary dysplasia.

Effect of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Doses on the Osteogenic Potential of Human Multipotent Stromal Cells- Containing Tissue Engineered Constructs.

A strategy for improving the efficacy of stem cell-based bone tissue engineering (TE) constructs is to combine bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) with multipotent stromal cells (MSC). Previous studies on the potential cooperative effect of BMP-2 with human multipotent stromal cells (hMSCs) on bone formation have, however, shown contradictory results likely due to the various and/or inappropriate BMP-2 doses. Our results provided evidence that the addition of BMP-2 at low dose only was beneficial to improve the osteogenic potential of hMSCs-containing TE constructs, whereas BMP-2 delivered at high dose overcame the advantage of combining this growth factor with hMSCs.

Laparoscopic ovariectomy with a single-port multiple-access device in seven African lionesses (Panthera leo).

CASE DESCRIPTION 7 privately owned female African lions (Panthera leo) that had been bred for public exhibition and were housed in outdoor pens were evaluated prior to undergoing elective ovariectomy. CLINICAL FINDINGS All animals were healthy. Median age was 15 months (range, 9 to 34 months), and median body weight was 71 kg (156 lb; range, 48 to 145 kg [106 to 319 lb]).

Stabilization of Olecranon Fractures by Tension Band Wiring or Plate Osteosynthesis: A Retrospective Study of 41 Cases.

Objectives:  This article aimed to describe olecranon fracture in dogs and cats and their stabilization with tension band wiring or plate osteosynthesis, and to evaluate complications associated with each technique.

Methods:  Medical records of cats and dogs that had been surgically treated for olecranon fractures with either tension band wiring or plate osteosynthesis were retrospectively reviewed. The surgical technique, complications and long-term outcomes were assessed.

Bone haemophilic pseudotumour of the ulna: A rare complication of haemophilia in a dog.

Objectives: This case report describes for the first time a bone haemophilic pseudotumour in a dog.

Case Description: A seven-month-old German Shepherd male dog was presented with the complaint of a forelimb weight-bearing lameness with major swelling that expanded dramatically after fine needle aspiration. Radiographs showed a large, well-defined ulnar diaphyseal cystic-like osteolytic lesion.

Effects of a viscosupplementation therapy on rabbit menisci in an anterior cruciate ligament transection model of osteoarthritis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological, microstructural, and mechanical effects of a viscosupplementation therapy on rabbit menisci at an early stage of osteoarthritis (OA). Anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) was performed in twelve male New-Zealand White rabbits on the right knee joint. Six of these twelve rabbits received a mono intra-articular injection of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) two weeks after ACLT.

A comparative study of tissue-engineered constructs from and coral in a large animal bone defect model.

Objectives: To compare the therapeutic potential of tissue-engineered constructs (TECs) combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and coral granules from either or to repair large bone defects.

Materials And Methods: Bone marrow-derived, autologous MSCs were seeded on or coral granules in a perfusion bioreactor. -TECs (n = 7), -TECs (n = 6) and bone autografts (n = 2) were then implanted into 25 mm long metatarsal diaphyseal defects in sheep.

Low-dose BMP-2 and MSC dual delivery onto coral scaffold for critical-size bone defect regeneration in sheep.

Tissue-engineered constructs (TECs) combining resorbable calcium-based scaffolds and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capability to regenerate large bone defects. Inconsistent results have, however, been observed, with a lack of osteoinductivity as a possible cause of failure. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the addition of low-dose bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to MSC-coral-TECs on the healing of clinically relevant segmental bone defects in sheep.

Bone tissue response induced by bioactive polymer functionalized Ti6Al4V surfaces: In vitro and in vivo study.

Ti6Al4V is commonly used for orthopedic applications. This study was designed to test the potentially added benefit of Ti6Al4V functionalized with a bioactive polymer poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) both in vitro and in vivo. Cell-based assays with MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells were used to measure the cell adhesion strength, cell spreading, focal contact formation, cell differentiation and the mineralization of extracellular matrix on grafted and ungrafted Ti6Al4V discs in combination with FBS and collagen type I.

Establishment of a Segmental Femoral Critical-size Defect Model in Mice Stabilized by Plate Osteosynthesis.

The use of tissue-engineered bone constructs is an appealing strategy to overcome drawbacks of autografts for the treatment of massive bone defects. As a model organism, the mouse has already been widely used in bone-related research. Large diaphyseal bone defect models in mice, however, are sparse and often use bone fixation which fills the bone marrow cavity and does not provide optimal mechanical stability.

Viscoelastic properties of rabbit osteoarthritic menisci: A correlation with matrix alterations.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of early osteoarthritis (OA) on the viscoelastic properties of rabbit menisci and to correlate the mechanical alterations with the microstructural changes. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection (ACLT) was performed in six male New-Zealand White rabbits on the right knee joint. Six healthy rabbits served as controls.

Comparison of Survival and Osteogenic Ability of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Orthotopic and Ectopic Sites in Mice.

Tissue constructs containing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are appealing strategies for repairing large segmental bone defects, but they do not allow consistent bone healing and early cell death was identified as a cause of failure. However, little is known about cell survival in the clinical microenvironment encountered during bone healing process. Osteoconductive coral scaffold with or without luciferase-labeled human MSCs were implanted either in a critical segmental femoral bone defect stabilized by plate or subcutaneously in 44 mice.

Complications of appendicular fracture repair in cats and small dogs using locking compression plates.

Objective: Our objectives were: 1) to review the complications associated with stabilization of appendicular fractures in cats and small dogs using locking compression plates (LCP), and 2) to identify factors that could influence fixation construct stability.

Study Design: Retrospective clinical study.

Materials And Methods: Medical and radiographic records of cats and small dogs with appendicular fractures treated with LCP were reviewed.

Surgical repair of thoraco-lumbar vertebral fracture-luxations in eight cats using screws and polymethylmethacrylate fixation.

Objective: To report our clinical experience in the surgical treatment of feline thoraco-lumbar vertebral fracture-luxations using optimal safe implantation corridors as previously described in vitro.

Study Design: Retrospective clinical study.

Materials And Methods: Medical records and radiographs of cats with vertebral fracture-luxations stabilized by screws and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using optimal safe implantation corridors between 2009 and 2011 were reviewed.