Caffeine consumption outcomes on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease progression and cognition.

Caffeine consumption outcomes on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) including progression, survival and cognition remain poorly defined and may depend on its metabolization influenced by genetic variants. 378 ALS patients with a precise evaluation of their regular caffeine consumption were monitored as part of a prospective multicenter study. Demographic, clinical characteristics, functional disability as measured with revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R), cognitive deficits measured using Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioural ALS Screen (ECAS), survival and riluzole treatment were recorded.

Anxiety in Parkinson's Disease Is Associated with Changes in Brain Structural Connectivity.

Background: Anxiety in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been associated with grey matter changes and functional changes in anxiety-related neuronal circuits. So far, no study has analyzed white matter (WM) changes in patients with PD and anxiety.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify WM changes by comparing PD patients with and without anxiety, using diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI).

Efficiency and Accuracy Evaluation of Multiple Diffusion-Weighted MRI Techniques Across Different Scanners.

Background: The choice between different diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) techniques is difficult as each comes with tradeoffs for efficient clinical routine imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) accuracy.

Purpose: To quantify signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) efficiency, ADC accuracy, artifacts, and distortions for different DWI acquisition techniques, coils, and scanners.

Study Type: Phantom, in vivo intraindividual biomarker accuracy between DWI techniques and independent ratings.

Hypothalamic neuroglial plasticity is regulated by anti-Müllerian hormone and disrupted in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive-endocrine disorder affecting between 5 and 18% of women worldwide. An elevated frequency of pulsatile luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion and higher serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) are frequently observed in women with PCOS. The origin of these abnormalities is, however, not well understood.

Trial of Deferiprone in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Iron content is increased in the substantia nigra of persons with Parkinson's disease and may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disorder. Early research suggests that the iron chelator deferiprone can reduce nigrostriatal iron content in persons with Parkinson's disease, but its effects on disease progression are unclear.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, phase 2, randomized, double-blind trial involving participants with newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease who had never received levodopa.

Can Dopamine Responsiveness Be Predicted in Parkinson's Disease Without an Acute Administration Test?

Background: Dopamine responsiveness (dopa-sensitivity) is an important parameter in the management of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). For quantification of this parameter, patients undergo a challenge test with acute Levodopa administration after drug withdrawal, which may lead to patient discomfort and use of significant resources.

Objective: Our objective was to develop a predictive model combining clinical scores and imaging.

Heterogeneity of PD-MCI in Candidates to Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation: Associated Cortical and Subcortical Modifications.

Background: Parkinson's disease mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) is frequent and heterogenous. There is no consensus about its influence on subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) outcomes.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of PD-MCI and its subtypes in candidates to STN-DBS.

Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Frontostriatal and Posterior Cortical Subtypes in Parkinson's Disease-Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background: The "dual syndrome hypothesis" distinguished two subtypes in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Parkinson's disease: frontostriatal, characterized by attentional and executive deficits; and posterior cortical, characterized by visuospatial, memory, and language deficits.

Objective: The aim was to identify resting-state functional modifications associated with these subtypes.

Methods: Ninety-five nondemented patients categorized as having normal cognition (n = 31), frontostriatal (n = 14), posterior cortical (n = 20), or mixed (n = 30) cognitive subtype had a 3 T resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan.

Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis scores are associated with the cortical thickness of specific cortical areas in relapsing-remitting patients.

Background: Cognitive impairment is frequent and disabling in multiple sclerosis (MS). The Brief International Cognitive Assessment in MS (BICAMS) is a recent short battery usable in clinical practice for cognitive evaluation of MS patients.

Objective: To find cortical areas or brain volumes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) structural sequences associated with BICAMS scores in MS.

Posterior Cortical Cognitive Deficits Are Associated With Structural Brain Alterations in Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease.

: Cognitive impairments are common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and are heterogeneous in their presentation. The "dual syndrome hypothesis" suggests the existence of two distinct subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in PD: a frontostriatal subtype with predominant attentional and/or executive deficits and a posterior cortical subtype with predominant visuospatial, memory, and/or language deficits. The latter subtype has been associated with a higher risk of developing dementia.

Texture-based markers from structural imaging correlate with motor handicap in Parkinson's disease.

There is a growing need for surrogate biomarkers for Parkinson's disease (PD). Structural analysis using magnetic resonance imaging with T1-weighted sequences has the potential to quantify histopathological changes. Degeneration is typically measured by the volume and shape of morphological changes.

Prediction of Long-term Cognitive Function After Minor Stroke Using Functional Connectivity.

Objective: To determine whether functional MRI connectivity can predict long-term cognitive function 36 months after minor stroke.

Methods: Seventy-two participants with first-ever stroke were included at baseline and followed up for 36 months. A ridge regression machine learning algorithm was developed and used to predict cognitive scores 36 months poststroke on the basis of the functional networks measured using MRI at 6 months (referred to here as the poststroke cognitive impairment [PSCI] network).

Anxiety in Parkinson's disease is associated with changes in the brain fear circuit.

Background: Anxiety is frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD) and has a negative impact on disease symptoms and quality of life. The underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to identify anatomical and functional changes associated to PD-related anxiety by comparing the volume, shape and texture of the amygdala, the cortical thickness as well as the functional connectivity (FC) of the fear circuit in patients with and without clinically relevant anxiety.

[Diagnostic pitfall: Early arising, multiple and recurrent Marjolin's ulcer. About 8 patients (16 tumors) and literature review].

Introduction: Marjolin's ulcer (MU) is a large entity representing skin cancers resulting from the transformation of chronic wounds of a heterogeneous nature. Burn scars are the most at risk of degeneration, in particular because there are the sites of important skin tension. Atypical forms are not uncommon.

Functional correlates of cognitive slowing in Parkinson's disease.

Although attentional impairments (particularly cognitive slowing) are frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD), the mechanisms underlying these phenomena have not been fully characterized. The MRI-compatible version of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) has been applied to healthy individuals but not previously to patients with PD. We sought to assess functional changes in brain activation patterns associated with cognitive slowing in PD.

A Fully Automatic Method for Optic Radiation Tractography Applicable to Multiple Sclerosis Patients.

The optic radiations (OR) are white matter tracts forming the posterior part of the visual ways. As an important inter-individual variability exists, atlases may be inefficient to locate the OR in a given subject. We designed a fully automatic method to delimitate the OR on a magnetic resonance imaging using tractography.

Influence of Motor Deficiency and Spatial Neglect on the Contralesional Posterior Parietal Cortex Functional and Structural Connectivity in Stroke Patients.

The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is a key structure for visual attention and upper limb function, two features that could be impaired after stroke, and could be implied in their recovery. If it is well established that stroke is responsible for intra- and interhemispheric connectivity troubles, little is known about those existing for the contralesional PPC. In this study, we aimed at mapping the functional (using resting state fMRI) and structural (using diffusion tensor imagery) networks from 3 subparts of the PPC of the contralesional hemisphere (the anterior intraparietal sulcus), the posterior intraparietal sulcus and the superior parieto-occipital cortex to bilateral frontal areas and ipsilesional homologous PPC parts in 11 chronic stroke patients compared to 13 healthy controls.

Differences in cortical perfusion detected by arterial spin labeling in nonamnestic and amnestic subtypes of early-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) begins before the age of 65 and is characterized by a faster clinical course and the frequency of nonamnestic symptoms compared to late onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD). However, the pathophysiological process of EOAD remains unclear. We expected that ASL may show widespread cortical hypoperfusion in EOAD compared to LOAD and in nonamnestic EOAD compared to amnestic EOAD.

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The use of lipostructure to treat burn sequelae is more and more common today. The regeneration capacities of mesenchymal stem cells appear promising on this sequelae skin, which is poorly vascularized, retractile and often painful. The aim of our study is to establish the analgesic properties, and the functional and aesthetic improvements gained by using lipostructure to treat burn sequelae.

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A retrospective study was conducted to assess the interactions between epileptic seizure and burn. The study was conducted on all patients treated at the Saint Luc Saint Joseph Hospital Burn Unit from 2000 to 2015 with a diagnosis of epilepsy. Forty-eight cases associating burns and epilepsy were reviewed.

[Long-term strategy of the initial management of facial burns: About 3 cases].

Introduction: The management of facial burns in their acute stage determines most of the sequelae aspect. An initial treatment of good quality should reduce and even prevent scar ransom and should not compromise potential future corrections. This treatment is based on the respect of facial surgery standards and on the use of some particular technical points.

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At the end of 2013, we proposed the possibility of obtaining specialized burn advice 24/7 via pictures transmitted through a dedicated email address, to healthcare professionals. This simple tool is now a success, and we received one request for advice per day in 2015, resulting in an exchange of numerous emails. This simple process offers a number of benefits: it allows burn centres to regulate patient flows all year long, gives healthcare professionals access to a burn care specialist when and as quickly as they need, ensures each patient receives dedicated care, and allows national authorities to provide the best public health service and gain financial profits.