Parasitological survey of mangrove oyster, Crassostrea rhizophorae, in the Pacoti River Estuary, Ceará State, Brazil.

The mangrove oyster, Crassostrea rhizophorae (Bivalvia, Ostreidae) is commonly collected by fisherwomen in the estuaries of the Ceará State (CE), Northeastern Brazil. Despite the socioeconomic importance of this natural resource, there are few studies on the health of the oysters in this region. This study aimed to survey pathological changes in the mangrove oyster C.

Multivisceral transplantation: expanding indications and improving outcomes.

Introduction: Multivisceral transplantation includes the simultaneous transplantation of multiple abdominal viscera including the stomach, duodenum, pancreas, and small intestine, with (multivisceral transplant, MVT) or without the liver (modified MVT, MMVT). This study reviews the changing indications and outcomes for this procedure over a 7-year period at a university medical center.

Methods: This study is a retrospective case review of MVTs performed between 2004 and 2010 at a single center.

Closure of the abdominal wall with acellular dermal allograft in intestinal transplantation.

Loss of abdominal domain is a common problem in intestinal transplantation. Several surgical options are available perioperatively for abdominal wall reconstruction. This study reports the management and complications for intestinal transplant patients with abdominal wall closure either primarily or with foreign material.

Maturation of mononuclear phagocytes in the lungs of young calves--in vitro study.

The influences of age in calves' immune system are described in their first phase of life. We hypothesized that variations that occur in the main mechanisms of lung innate response can help to identify periods of greater susceptibility to the respiratory diseases that affect calves in the first stage of their life. This study aimed to evaluate the innate immune system.

Post-transplant critical care outcomes for pediatric multivisceral and intestinal transplant patients.

This study reviews the post-operative management of pediatric intestinal transplant patients at a single center with reporting of standard PICU benchmarks for quality of care. It is a retrospective, descriptive, chart review describing our institution's experience between 2006 and 2010. Twenty patients were included.

Risk factors for native kidney dysfunction in patients with abdominal multivisceral/small bowel transplantation.

Kidney dysfunction is a recognized complication after non-renal solid organ transplantation, particularly after intestinal transplant. In our study, we reviewed data on 33 multivisceral transplant (MVT)- and 15 isolated small bowel (ISB)-transplant patients to determine risk factors for kidney dysfunction. Kidney function was estimated by modified diet in renal disease (MDRD) and Schwartz formula for adults and children, respectively.

Outcomes of pancreas allografts procured simultaneously with an isolated intestine allograft: single-center and national data.

Background: Simultaneous procurement of pancreas and isolated intestine allografts from the same donor may compromise one graft or both given the shared vasculature between these two organs. This study reports the transplant outcomes for pancreas allografts procured simultaneously with an intestine graft.

Methods: Separate analyses are reported from (1) 10-year US national data obtained from the United Network for Organ Sharing database including all donors from 2000 to 2010 in whom both the pancreas and isolated intestine were procured and transplanted into separate recipients and (2) local, single-center data for all donors of simultaneous pancreas and isolated intestine procurement.

Multivisceral transplantation for diffuse portomesenteric thrombosis.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of multivisceral transplantation (MVT) in the setting of diffuse thrombosis of the portomesenteric venous system.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) in the face of cirrhosis and diffuse portomesenteric thrombosis (PMT) is controversial and contraindicated in many transplant centers. LT using alternative techniques such as portocaval hemitransposition fails to eliminate complications of portal hypertension.

Immunosuppression induction with rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin with or without rituximab in 1000 liver transplant patients with long-term follow-up.

Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (rATG)-based immunosuppression induction is being increasingly used in liver transplantation (LT) in conjunction with steroid-free protocols to delay the initiation of calcineurin inhibitors. This study reports a single-center comparison of transplant outcomes and complications in 3 immunosuppression eras. Data were obtained retrospectively from a center research database, and the analysis included LT patients from 2001 to 2008.

The effect of horizontal strabismus surgery on the vertical palpebral fissure width.

Purpose: To compare vertical lid fissure width before and after medial or lateral rectus muscle recessions for horizontal strabismus.

Methods: In this prospective, noninterventional case series, vertical eyelid fissure width measurements were compared before and after treatment in consecutive patients undergoing extraocular muscle recessions for esotropia or exotropia. Digital imaging analysis was used to measure vertical lid fissure width.

Evaluation of response after stereotactic body radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing in incidence due to hepatitis C. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a noninvasive, effective therapy in the management of liver malignancies. The authors evaluated radiological response in 26 patients with HCC treated with SBRT at Indiana University.

Intravitreal injection of commercially available ketorolac tromethamine in eyes with diabetic macular edema refractory to laser photocoagulation.

Purpose: To evaluate the short-term effect of a single intravitreal injection of commercially available ketorolac tromethamine (KT) in eyes with diabetic macular edema refractory to laser photocoagulation.

Methods: Prospective interventional case series. Twenty five patients with diabetic macular edema refractory to laser photocoagulation received a single intravitreal injection of commercially available KT (Toradol®), in a dose of 3000 µg.

Utility of liver function tests including aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index in monitoring liver dysfunction in short-gut infants of varying ages and intestinal lengths.

Background/purpose: Aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) has good correlation with liver fibrosis progression in the infant and toddler short-gut population. This study applies laboratory liver function testing, including APRI, to monitor liver dysfunction over time for short-gut infants, with further analysis of at-risk subpopulations.

Methods: Study inclusion criteria included infants younger than 1 year at initial intestinal resection with subsequent continuous parenteral nutrition dependence of 3 months minimum.

Detection of human herpesvirus 7 infection in young children presenting with exanthema subitum.

In this study, we assessed the prevalence of human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7) in 141 serum samples from children less than four years of age with exanthematic disease. All samples were negative for measles, rubella, dengue fever and parvovirus B19 infection. Testing for the presence of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6)-specific high avidity IgG antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) revealed two main groups: one composed of 57 patients with recent primary HHV-6 infection and another group of 68 patients showing signs of past HHV-6 infection.

Diagnosis of human herpesvirus 6B primary infection by polymerase chain reaction in young children with exanthematic disease.

Introduction: Exanthem subitum is a classical rash disease of early childhood caused by human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B). However, the rash is frequently misdiagnosed as that of either measles or rubella.

Methods: In this study, a nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to diagnose HHV-6B primary infection, differentiate it from infections caused by HHV-6A and compare it to antibody avidity tests.

Global oral health inequalities: dental caries task group--research agenda.

The IADR Global Oral Health Inequalities Task Group on Dental Caries has synthesized current evidence and opinion to identify a five-year implementation and research agenda which should lead to improvements in global oral health, with particular reference to the implementation of current best evidence as well as integrated action to reduce caries and health inequalities between and within countries. The Group determined that research should: integrate health and oral health wherever possible, using common risk factors; be able to respond to and influence international developments in health, healthcare, and health payment systems as well as dental prevention and materials; and exploit the potential for novel funding partnerships with industry and foundations. More effective communication between and among the basic science, clinical science, and health promotion/public health research communities is needed.

Long-term consequences of a prolonged febrile seizure in a dual pathology model.

Clinical evidence suggests that febrile status epilepticus (SE) in children can lead to acute hippocampal injury and subsequent temporal lobe epilepsy. The contribution of febrile SE to the mechanisms underlying temporal lobe epilepsy are however poorly understood. A rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy following hyperthermic SE was previously established in our laboratory, wherein a focal cortical lesion induced at postnatal day 1 (P1), followed by a hyperthermic SE (more than 30 min) at P10, leads to hippocampal atrophy at P22 (dual pathology model) and spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) with mild visuospatial memory deficits in adult rats.

Intestinal and multivisceral transplantation.

Intestinal transplantation is carried out in only a handful of centers in the world. However, patients with such transplantation may be seen at almost any institution and radiologists should be familiar with the expected normal anatomy and complications of intestinal transplantation and its variants. In this paper, we discuss the anatomy and complications following intestinal and multivisceral transplantations.

[Intravitreal injection of ketorolac tromethamine in patients with diabetic macular edema refractory to retinal photocoagulation].

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a single dose of intravitreous injection of ketorolac tromethamine (500 µg/0.1 ml) in patients with diabetic macular edema refractory to retinal photocoagulation.

Methods: Prospective study.

Severe hypernatremia in deceased liver donors does not impact early transplant outcome.

Background: There may be an increased risk of primary nonfunction in livers procured from donors with hypernatremia. The purported mechanism for this effect is undefined. This study analyzes early graft function for donor livers procured from patients with severe hypernatremia.

Use of the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index to follow liver fibrosis progression in infants with short gut.

Background: Infants with parenteral nutrition dependence may develop liver dysfunction and progress to liver failure requiring transplantation. The aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) has good correlation with liver fibrosis progression in adults. This study applies APRI scoring to parenteral nutrition-dependant, short-gut infants to determine hepatic fibrosis progression.

[Mental health in the basic attention: an epidemic study based on the risk focus].

The transformations of stamp social, political and economical happened in the last decades they rebound significantly in all the sections of the society. And if it cannot leave of considering the influences of those transformations for the mental health of the population. It is a epidemic cohort study that aimed at accomplishing the risk for mental disease in the population assisted by the Unit of Health of the Family of the habitational group, neighborhood of Mangabeira, city of João Pessoa-PB, where Self Report Questionnaire-20 was used (SRQ-20).