[Implantation de l'Accompagnement-citoyen personnalisé d'intégration communautaire (APIC) : vers l'optimisation de la mise en œuvre de cette approche novatrice visant la participation sociale des aînés].

La présente étude visait à documenter l'implantation de l'Accompagnement-citoyen personnalisé d'intégration communautaire (APIC), lors duquel des bénévoles soutiennent la participation sociale d'aînés, dans des organismes communautaires en identifiant les facteurs favorables et défavorables ainsi que ses conditions essentielles. Soutenu par un devis qualitatif descriptif de type recherche clinique, une rencontre et six entretiens semi-dirigés ont été réalisés afin de documenter cette implantation dans six organismes communautaires œuvrant en milieu urbain au Québec (Canada). Selon les six coordonnatrices de l'APIC, les cinq directeurs généraux et l'agente de recherche, le principal facteur favorable est la conviction des responsables de l'implantation en la valeur ajoutée de l'intervention, incluant sa concordance avec la mission et les valeurs des organismes et les besoins de la population qu'ils desservent.

The Genomic Landscape of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Vulvar squamous cell cancer (VSC) accounts for 90% of vulvar cancers. Next-generation sequencing studies of VSC imply human papillomavirus (HPV) and p53 status play separate roles in carcinogenesis and prognosis. We sought to describe the genomic landscape and analyze the immunologic profiles of VSC with respect to HPV and p53 status.

Distinct Plasma Immune Profile in ALS Implicates sTNFR-II in pAMPK/Leptin Homeostasis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a clinically highly heterogeneous disease with a survival rate ranging from months to decades. Evidence suggests that a systemic deregulation of immune response may play a role and affect disease progression. Here, we measured 62 different immune/metabolic mediators in plasma of sporadic ALS (sALS) patients.

Concurrent Surgery for Locoregional Gynecologic Cancers and Pelvic Floor Disorders in a Population of Patients With Medicare Insurance.

Objective: To estimate the rate of concurrent surgery for locoregional gynecologic cancer and pelvic organ prolapse-urinary incontinence (POP-UI) and to assess the rate of surgery for POP-UI within 5 years for those who did not undergo concurrent surgery.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. The SEER-Medicare data set was used to identify cases of local or regional endometrial, cervical, and ovarian cancer diagnosed from 2000 to 2017.

Incidence and Survival of Multiple Primary Cancers in US Women With a Gynecologic Cancer.

Objectives: To evaluate risk of a second cancer and associated survival times in United States women with diagnosis of cancer.

Methods: The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database was queried for 2 cohorts of women aged 18 - 89 with either an index gynecologic or non-gynecologic cancer diagnosed between 1992 - 2017. Index cases were followed to determine if a second primary cancer was subsequently diagnosed; defined according to SEER multiple primary and histology coding rules.

Disparities in adjuvant treatment of high-grade endometrial cancer in the Medicare population.

Background: Black women experience worse survival effects with high-grade endometrial cancer. Differences in adjuvant treatment have been proposed to be major contributors to this disparity. However, little is known about the differences in type or timing of adjuvant treatment as it relates to race and ethnicity in the Medicare population.

Adenosine A2A Receptor Activation Enhances Blood-Tumor Barrier Permeability in a Rodent Glioma Model.

The blood-tumor barrier (BTB) limits the entry of effective chemotherapeutic agents into the brain for treatment of malignant tumors like glioblastoma. Poor drug entry across the BTB allows infiltrative glioma stem cells to evade therapy and develop treatment resistance. Regadenoson, an FDA-approved adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) agonist, has been shown to increase drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier in non-tumor-bearing rodents without a defined mechanism of enhancing BTB permeability.

Inhibiting protein phosphatase 2A increases the antitumor effect of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 inhibition in models of glioblastoma.

Background: Despite multi-model therapy of maximal surgical resection, radiation, chemotherapy, and tumor-treating fields, the median survival of glioblastoma (GBM) patients is less than 15 months. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) catalyzes the symmetric dimethylation of arginine residues and is overexpressed in GBM. Inhibition of PRMT5 causes senescence in stem-like GBM tumor cells.

Using Technology to Improve Women's Health Care.

Technology is being integrated into all aspects of health care. While many applications offer novel experiences, the evidence supporting translation to improved education or care is evolving. We review ways that technology is affecting a variety of fields pertinent to women's health, including patient communication, physician education, and health care performance.

Model systems for studying the blood-brain barrier: Applications and challenges.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses a serious impediment to the delivery of effective therapies to the central nervous system (CNS). Over time, various model systems have been crafted and used to evaluate the complexities of the BBB, which includes an impermeable physical barrier and a series of energy-dependent efflux pumps. Models of the BBB have mainly sought to assess changes in endothelial cell permeability, the role of ATP-dependent efflux transporters in drug disposition, and alterations in communication between BBB cells and the microenvironment.

Cerebrovascular Angiogenic Reprogramming upon LRP1 Repression: Impact on Sphingosine-1-Phosphate-Mediated Signaling in Brain Endothelial Cell Chemotactism.

Switches in sphingolipid metabolism have recently been associated with oncogenic transformation, and a role for the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) in sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) proangiogenic signaling inferred. S1P signaling crosstalk with LRP1 in brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) is however unclear. Transient in vitro siLRP1 gene silencing was compared to stable shLRP1 knockdown.

Isotope-labeled differential profiling of metabolites using N-benzoyloxysuccinimide derivatization coupled to liquid chromatography/high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry.

Rationale: An isotopic labeling strategy based on derivatizing amine-containing metabolites has been developed using light ((12) C6 ) and heavy ((13) C6 ) N-benzoyloxysuccinimide reagents for semi-targeted metabolomic applications.

Methods: Differentially labeled samples were combined and analyzed simultaneously by liquid chromatography/high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC/HR-MS/MS) to compare relative amounts of amine-containing metabolites. The selectivity of the reaction was determined with model metabolites and was shown to also be applicable to thiol and phenol moieties.

Biomonitoring Equivalents for interpretation of urinary fluoride.

Exposure to fluoride is widespread due to its natural occurrence in the environment and addition to drinking water and dental products for the prevention of dental caries. The potential health risks of excess fluoride exposure include aesthetically unacceptable dental fluorosis (tooth mottling) and increased skeletal fragility. Numerous organizations have conducted risk assessments and set guidance values to represent maximum recommended exposure levels as well as recommended adequate intake levels based on potential public health benefits of fluoride exposure.

[Factors facilitating or constraining volunteer involvement in community organizations for home support to seniors].

The reality of volunteering in nonprofit organizations who offer services to seniors at home was observed from the viewpoint of two types of actors: volunteers and coordinators. Our results suggest that there are three decisive stages in volunteering: recruitment, realization of volunteer activity, and pursuit of this commitment. For each of them, some factors are more influential than others.

Mesenchymal stromal cell ciliogenesis is abrogated in response to tumor necrosis factor-α and requires NF-κB signaling.

The primary cilium is a cell surface-anchored sensory organelle which expression is lost in hypoxic cancer cells and during mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) adaptation to low oxygen levels. Since pro-inflammatory cues are among the early events which promote tumor angiogenesis, we tested the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and found that it triggered a dose-dependent loss of the primary cilia in MSC. This loss was independent of IFT88 expression, was abrogated by progranulin, an antagonist of the TNF receptor and required the NF-κB signaling intermediates IκB kinase α, β, and γ, as well as NF-κB p65.

Key features of intertidal food webs that support migratory shorebirds.

The migratory shorebirds of the East Atlantic flyway land in huge numbers during a migratory stopover or wintering on the French Atlantic coast. The Brouage bare mudflat (Marennes-Oléron Bay, NE Atlantic) is one of the major stopover sites in France. The particular structure and function of a food web affects the efficiency of carbon transfer.

EGCG targeting efficacy of NF-κB downstream gene products is dictated by the monocytic/macrophagic differentiation status of promyelocytic leukemia cells.

Central nervous system infiltration by circulating leukemic cells and enhanced in vitro transendothelial migration of promyelocytic leukemia HL-60-derived macrophages through a blood-brain barrier model was recently demonstrated. The intrinsic molecular and signaling mechanisms involved are, however, poorly documented. Drug targeting of such translocation event performed by circulating microbes and immune cells may prevent secondary cerebral infections and development of brain pathologies.

Resveratrol Targeting of Carcinogen-Induced Brain Endothelial Cell Inflammation Biomarkers MMP-9 and COX-2 is Sirt1-Independent.

The occurrence of a functional relationship between the release of metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, two inducible pro-inflammatory biomarkers with important pro-angiogenic effects, has recently been inferred. While brain endothelial cells play an essential role as structural and functional components of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), increased BBB breakdown is thought to be linked to neuroinflammation. Chemopreventive mechanisms targeting both MMPs and COX-2 however remain poorly investigated.

Identity cues and dementia in nursing home intervention.

This study examines the identity cues that family caregivers and healthcare personnel use with seniors living with dementia and living in nursing homes. The identity cues represent biographical knowledge used to stimulate the dementia sufferer, trigger signals and incite interaction. Our grounded approach hinges on three objectives: to identify and categorize identity cues; to document their uses; and to gain a better understanding of their effectiveness.

SHP-1 inhibits β-catenin function by inducing its degradation and interfering with its association with TATA-binding protein.

β-catenin plays a dual role both as a key effector in the regulation of adherens junctions and as a transcriptional coactivator. Tyrosine phosphorylation of β-catenin is implicated as a means for its release from E-cadherin complexes and correlates with enhanced transcriptional activity. However, it remains unclear whether or not tyrosine phosphorylated β-catenin degrades slower or faster than its unphosphorylated form or transactivates the downstream target genes differently.

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This theoretical article presents some thoughts on research and intervention's frameworks for the well-being of nursing homes' residents with cognitive deficits associated with dementia. Based on a symbolic interactionism perspective, it examines the relations between the staff (nurses, social worker, rehabilitation worker, homecare employee) and family caregivers, to maintain identity for, by and behalf of the elderly. Adopting a critical perspective on the person-centered care approach for an clearer understanding of the person faced with dementia, the authors call for an integrating framework based on two approaches: a bibliographic approach and the holistic relational prothetic approach, allowing the recognition and support of a positive identity in elders with dementia for critical actions promoting their well-being in nursing homes.

Polymeric binders suppress gliadin-induced toxicity in the intestinal epithelium.

Background & Aims: Celiac disease is a prevalent immune disorder caused by the ingestion of gliadin-containing grains. We investigated the ability of a polymeric binder to reverse the toxic effects induced by gliadin in human intestinal cells and gliadin-sensitive HCD4-DQ8 mice.

Methods: Gliadin was neutralized by complexation to a linear copolymer of hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) and sodium 4-styrene sulfonate (SS).

B1 integrin/Fak/Src signaling in intestinal epithelial crypt cell survival: integration of complex regulatory mechanisms.

The molecular determinants which dictate survival and apoptosis/anoikis in human intestinal crypt cells remain to be fully understood. To this effect, the roles of beta1 integrin/Fak/Src signaling to the PI3-K/Akt-1, MEK/Erk, and p38 pathways, were investigated. The regulation of six Bcl-2 homologs (Bcl-2, Mcl-1, Bcl-X(L), Bax, Bak, Bad) was likewise analyzed.

Deriving uncertainty factors for threshold chemical contaminants in drinking water.

Uncertainty factors are used in the development of drinking-water guidelines to account for uncertainties in the database, including extrapolations of toxicity from animal studies and variability within humans, which result in some uncertainty about risk. The application of uncertainty factors is entrenched in toxicological risk assessment worldwide, but is not applied consistently. This report, prepared in collaboration with Health Canada, provides an assessment of the derivation of the uncertainty factor assumptions used in developing drinking-water quality guidelines for chemical contaminants.

The International Cancer Information Service: a worldwide resource.

The need for accurate and relevant cancer information continues to grow worldwide. While healthcare professionals are the preferred source of cancer information, their time is limited, and patients are often not sure what to ask and their questions do not always come to mind in the physician's office. In its 30-year history, the National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) Cancer Information Service (CIS) has shown that it can increase users' confidence in their ability to seek more information, understand the causes and risk factors for cancer, and participate in decisions about their treatment.