Silicon nanowire piezoresistor and its applications: a review.

Monocrystalline bulk silicon with doped impurities has been the widely preferred piezoresistive material for the last few decades to realize micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) sensors. However, there has been a growing interest among researchers in the recent past to explore other piezoresistive materials with varied advantages in order to realize ultra-miniature high-sensitivity sensors for area-constrained applications. Of the various alternative piezoresistive materials, silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are an attractive choice due to their benefits of nanometre range dimensions, giant piezoresistive coefficients, and compatibility with the integrated circuit fabrication processes.

PPARG dysregulation as a potential molecular target in adrenal Cushing's syndrome.

Background: We performed a transcriptomic analysis of adrenal signaling pathways in various forms of endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS) to define areas of dysregulated and druggable targets.

Methodology: Next-generation sequencing was performed on adrenal samples of patients with primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH, n=10) and control adrenal samples (n=8). The validation groups included cortisol-producing adenoma (CPA, n=9) and samples from patients undergoing bilateral adrenalectomy for Cushing's disease (BADX-CD, n=8).

Steroid profiling using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry during adrenal vein sampling in patients with primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia.

Introduction: Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is not a routine procedure in patients with primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (PBMAH), but has been used to determine lateralization of cortisol secretion in order to guide decision of unilateral adrenalectomy. Our aim was to characterize the steroid fingerprints in AVS samples of patients with PBMAH and hypercortisolism and to identify a reference hormone for AVS interpretation.

Method: Retrospectively, we included 17 patients with PBMAH from the German Cushing's registry who underwent AVS.

Identification of ocular regulatory functions of core histone variant H3.2.

The posttranscriptional modifications (PTM) of the Histone H3 family play an important role in ocular system differentiation. However, there has been no study on the nature of specific Histone H3 subtype carrying these modifications. Fortuitously, we had previously identified a dominant small-eye mutant Aey69 mouse with a mutation in the H3.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain lineage in mixed tribal population across India and Andaman Nicobar Island.

In India, the tribal population constitutes almost 8.6% of the nation's total population. Despite their large presence, there are only a few reports available on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.

Understanding health care-seeking behaviour of the tribal population in India among those with presumptive TB symptoms.

Background And Objectives: Understanding the drivers for care-seeking among those who present with symptoms of TB is crucial for early diagnosis of TB and prompt treatment, which will in turn halt further TB transmission. While TB is a challenge among the tribal population, little is known about the care-seeking behaviour and the factors influencing care-seeking behaviour among the tribal population across India.

Methodology: This community-based descriptive study was carried out in 17 states of India across 6 zones, covering 88 villages from tribal districts with over 70% tribal population.

Circulating microRNA Expression in Cushing's Syndrome.

Context: Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a rare disease of endogenous hypercortisolism associated with high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis and classification of CS is still challenging.

Objective: Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are minimally invasive diagnostic markers.

Mutation in the mouse histone gene Hist2h3c1 leads to degeneration of the lens vesicle and severe microphthalmia.

During an ENU (N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea) mutagenesis screen, we observed a dominant small-eye mutant mouse with viable homozygotes. A corresponding mutant line was established and referred to as Aey69 (abnormality of the eye #69). Comprehensive phenotyping of the homozygous Aey69 mutants in the German Mouse Clinic revealed only a subset of statistically significant alterations between wild types and homozygous mutants.

Cellulose acetate composite membranes tailored with exfoliated tungsten disulfide nanosheets: Permeation characteristics and antifouling ability.

An attempt has been made to demonstrate the effects of exfoliated tungsten disulfide (E-WS) nanosheets on the fabrication, permeation and anti-fouling performance of cellulose acetate (CA) ultrafiltration membranes. The E-WS was prepared and characterized in terms of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). Pure and composite CA membranes were methodically characterized for its surface, chemical and morphological structure using FT-IR, XRD, SEM and water contact angle analysis.

Fabrication of cellulose acetate nanocomposite membranes using 2D layered nanomaterials for macromolecular separation.

Cellulose acetate (CA) nanocomposite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were fabricated using 2D layered nanosheets such as graphene oxide (GO) and exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (E-MoS) and effectively used for the removal of macromolecular protein. The GO and E-MoS nanosheets were prepared and characterized by FT-IR and XRD respectively. GO and E-MoS (0.

Crystal structure of 1,4-bis-(3-ammonio-prop-yl)piperazine-1,4-diium bis-[dichromate(VI)].

The asymmetric unit of the organic-inorganic title salt, (C10H28N4)[Cr2O7]2, comprises one half of an 1,4-bis-(3-ammonio-prop-yl)piperazinediium cation (the other half being generated by the application of inversion symmetry) and a dichromate anion. The piperazine ring of the cation adopts a chair conformation, and the two CrO4 tetra-hedra of the anion are in an almost eclipsed conformation. In the crystal, the cations and anions form a layered arrangement parallel to (001).

Rapid sonochemical synthesis of MCM-41 type benzene-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilicas.

Benzene-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs) with the MCM-41 were synthesized by a rapid sonochemical process via co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and 1,4-bis(triethoxysilyl) benzene (BTEB) under basic conditions within a few minutes using cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTMABr) as a structure-directing agent. The molar ratio of the silicon precursors and the synthesis time were varied in order to investigate their influence on the structural ordering of the materials. The characteristics of the materials were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2-sorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and solid-state NMR spectroscopy.

Effect of zinc chloride on the growth and characterization of L-proline cadmium chloride monohydrate semiorganic NLO single crystals.

Single crystals of zinc doped L-proline cadmium chloride monohydrate were successfully grown from aqueous solution by slow evaporation method at room temperature for different molar concentration of zinc chloride. The structural properties of grown crystals have been studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction studies and Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis. The incorporation of the dopant (zinc chloride) into L-proline cadmium chloride monohydrate crystal lattice has been confirmed by EDAX analysis.

A simple one-pot route to mesoporous silicas SBA-15 functionalized with exceptionally high loadings of pendant carboxylic acid groups.

Ordered SBA-15 functionalized with a high loading of pendant carboxylate groups has been synthesized via co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and carboxyethylsilanetriol sodium salt (CES) templated by Pluronic P123 under acidic conditions.

Retrograde popliteal approach to common femoral vein stenosis in an intravenous drug user with hostile groin: a case report.

Intravenous (IV) drug abuse is a common problem in our society. One complication of this practice is venous stenosis, endovascular management of which can be technically challenging especially in patients with a hostile groin. We describe an ipsilateral retrograde popliteal approach in a 26-year-old IV drug user presenting with swelling of the left leg secondary to common femoral vein stenosis.

Toxic megacolon complicating Escherichia coli O157 infection.

Toxic megacolon is a well known complication in inflammatory bowel disease such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. The development of toxic megacolon as a complication of infectious colitis is rare. However it is recognised as a complication of enteric infections caused by Clostridium difficile, Campylobacter jejuni, Shigella, Salmonella species, Cytomegalovirus and amoebae.

A comparison of duplex scanning and continuous wave Doppler in the assessment of primary and uncomplicated varicose veins.

Objectives: To compare the findings of continuous wave Doppler (CWD) with duplex ultrasound in the assessment of primary and uncomplicated varicose veins, and to determine how their relative roles might be best applied.

Materials And Methods: One hundred consecutive limbs were studied in 73 patients with primary (no previous surgery) and uncomplicated (no significant skin change) varicose veins. CWD was employed by a single observer; followed by duplex scanning performed "blind" and independently.