Assessing the effects of habitat patches ensuring propagule supply and different costs inclusion in marine spatial planning through multivariate analyses.

Marine Protected Areas are considered key tools for conservation of coastal ecosystems. However, many reserves are characterized by several problems mainly related to inadequate zonings that often do not protect high biodiversity and propagule supply areas precluding, at the same time, economic important zones for local interests. The Gulf of Naples is here employed as a study area to assess the effects of inclusion of different conservation features and costs in reserve design process.

Acute agranulocytosis after oral administration of dabigatran: a rare case report and a short review of literature.

This case report describes agranulocytosis immediately after oral administration of dabigatran in a 68 years old man with atrial fibrillation (AF). Dabigatran is an oral, reversible and competitive thrombin inhibitor that has shown promising results. In patients with atrial fibrillation of RE-LY study (Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulant Therapy), dabigatran administered at a dose of 150 mg, as compared with warfarin, was associated with lower rates of stroke and systemic embolism but similar rates of major hemorrhage.

Violence against women in Rome: An analysis of cases treated in the gynecology emergency department of the hospital Umberto I between 1999 and 2013.

Background: The gynecological emergency department of the Policlinico Umberto I, Rome sees an average of about 30 cases of violence against females each year. It is stressed that these cases are not representative of all cases of violence against women in Rome and they cannot be used to estimate the prevalence or incidence of the phenomenon, but they may provide some insight on the victims and their aggressors, the use of drugs or alcohol, factors which may affect the decision to report the attack to the police and attacks on children.

Methods: The case records of all 458 females seen in the emergency department between 1999 and 2013 were retrieved, data were extracted and an Excel worksheet was prepared.

A multicenter study on the appropriateness of hospitalization in obstetric wards: application of Obstetric Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol (Obstetric AEP).

The cross-sectional study has been based on the implementation of the Obstetric Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol (OAEP) in seven hospitals to determine inappropriate hospital admissions and days of stay. The outcomes were: inappropriateness of admission and "percentage of inappropriateness" for one hospitalization. A total number of 2196 clinical records were reviewed.

Postpartum complications in a patient with a previous proctocolectomy and ileo-pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis.

This case report regards pregnancy and delivery of a patient who had undergone proctocolectomy and ileo-pouch-anal-anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis. The patient delivered through cesarean section and experienced serious complications postpartum. Such complications have been described in association with Chron's disease and have never been described after proctocolectomy and IPAA for ulcerative colitis.

Clinical characteristics and response to prophylactic fluconazole of preterm VLBW neonates with baseline and acquired fungal colonisation in NICU: data from a multicentre RCT.

Background: Fungal colonisation by Candida spp. affects a high proportion of VLBW neonates in NICU. However, few data are available on the clinical characteristics of colonisation in preterm infants who are colonised at baseline via vertical transmission, compared to preterms who become colonised during their stay in NICU via horizontal transmission.

Laser vaporization in the management of CIN.

Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of laser CO2 vaporization in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasias and to assess the diagnostic reliability of cytology, colposcopy, microbiology and HPV tests in predicting recurrence in a long-term outcome.

Methods: Forty-four patients affectd by high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-CIN) were submitted to laser CO2 vaporization and followed-up a minimum of five years. Vaginal smears for microbiological examination were detected.

Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension in a very premature baby with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: normalization with long-term sildenafil.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a common adverse outcome of very premature babies treated with long-lasting ventilation and oxygen therapy. Infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia may develop pulmonary arterial hypertension. We report on severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in a preterm infant who developed secondary, symptomatic and progressively severe pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Conservative approach to preneoplastic cervical lesions in postmenopause.

Aim: To evaluate the recurrence rate of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in postmenopausal women previously submitted to laser CO2 conization and the role of persistent oncogenic HPV types.

Patients And Methods: Fifty-five patients with a cytological diagnosis of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were triaged with a standard colposcopy. Hormonal replacement therapy was considered as significative in influencing cervical trophism.

Correlation between squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) and bacterial vaginosis.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a condition that seldom occurs in prepuberal girls or postmenopausal women, suggesting a hormonal component in its aetiology. The precise mechanisms by which BV arises are not fully understood. One proposed mechanism suggests that carcinogenic nitrosamines act either independently or via human papilloma virus (HPV).

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: risk factors for persistence and recurrence in adolescents.

One of the most common sexually transmitted infections in adolescents is human papillomavirus. These infections can occur in one or multiple areas of the female genitalia but the vulva is usually the initial site of implantation for HPV. We carried out a long-term follow-up study of adolescents to evaluate the incidence of single or multiple lesions in the lower genital tract, the correlation between sexual behaviour and their localisation and behavioural risk factors for persistence and recurrence of HPV lesions and cervical intraepithelial lesion (CIN).

A multicenter, randomized trial of prophylactic fluconazole in preterm neonates.

Background: Invasive candida infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. We performed a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of fluconazole for the prevention of fungal colonization and infection in very-low-birth-weight neonates.

Methods: During a 15-month period, all neonates weighing less than 1500 g at birth from eight tertiary Italian neonatal intensive care units (322 infants) were randomly assigned to receive either fluconazole (at a dose of either 6 mg or 3 mg per kilogram of body weight) or placebo from birth until day 30 of life (day 45 for neonates weighing <1000 g at birth).

Prediction of persistent vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia in previously hysterectomized women by high-risk HPV DNA detection.

Aim: To estimate the incidence and latency of Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VAIN) in women previously hysterectomized for benign/malign pathology and to evaluate the role of high risk HPVs in the prediction of persistent or recurrent disease.

Subjects And Methods: 830 women with prior hysterectomy for benign/malign pathologies followed by cytological scraping and vaginal colposcopy. Forty-four patients presented VAIN lesions confirmed by histopathological diagnosis.

Follow-up of high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions (H-SIls) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women. analysis of risk factors.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women are at high risk of co-infection from human papillomavirus (HPV) and of developing squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix.

Materials And Methods: From April 1997 to March 1999, 86 women, affected by high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions (H-SILs), were enrolled: 41 were HIV+ (CD4+ count >500/ml) and 45 were HIV-. The diagnosis of high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion (H-SIL) was established for each patient by Pap test, colposcopy and guided biopsy.

Infectious agents in tissues from spontaneous abortions in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Some evidence suggests that intrauterine infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of early pregnancy loss, but the implication and prevalence of microrganisms in the aetiology of spontaneous abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy has not yet been well established. In this study, we analysed the tissues relative to the product of conception from abortions during the first trimester (51 spontaneous abortions and 56 voluntary pregnancy interruptions) in women attending the Gynecological Sciences Perinatology and Puericulture Department of "Policlinico Umberto I". Specimens were investigated by cultural methods for the presence of yeasts, gram positive, gram negative bacteria, and genital mycoplasma.

Abnormal "low grade" transformation zone: current diagnostic gold standard.

The aim of this work was to examine different methods of investigation in the diagnosis of the abnormal "low grade" transformation zone of the portio. Over a period of one year 41 patients subjected to colposcopic examination underwent exo-endocervical sampling for oncologic evaluation and for detection of viral and bacterial infections (HPV, HSV, adenovirus, mycoplasmas and chlamydia trachomatis), as well as portio biopsy. A 65.

Gynaecological and obstetric audit at a G&O emergency department.

The present study takes into account only the patients that are sent home because their conditions do not require emergency hospitalization in order to try to understand the reasons why a woman seeks emergency treatment at a G&O emergency service.

The emergency department gynaecologist and emergency postcoital contraception.

The emergency department gynaecologist is often faced with requests for emergency postcoital contraception. The physician on duty is usually very busy and does not always have enough time to perform a complete evaluation of the woman's state of health. The emergency gynaecologist who prescribes postcoital contraception also has a number of other problems to cope with in regard to the pharmacological preparations on the market, the efficacy of various methods, the monitoring of side-effects which are not, always, tolerated by all patients and the outcome of his therapeutic prescription.

[Alleged sexual assault. The role of the emergency department gynecologist].

The objective of this paper is to better understand the role of the Emergency department gynecologist in cases of alleged sexual assault. The gynecologist should know that he is a justice collaborator and, as public officer, he has to report to authorities every indictable offense. He should also know that patient's informed consent is required during each step of medical investigation.

[The role of the gynecologist in first aid in cases of sexual violence. A protocol proposal].

The aim of this report is to provide a medical form to use in case of sexual assault, prepared taking into consideration the information lacking at present in most medical reports on the subject. This call for the necessity to conform the medical approach to the same protocol which may also be used from the forensic medicine point of view. More precise information should be obtained about the assault and the injuries inflicted, and also an immediate psychological support should be given to the victim.

[Critical review of colpo-histological results in cervix pathology].

Background: The objective of this paper was to evaluate the role of squamous metaplasia in the determination of certain colposcopic appearances.

Methods: One thousand four hundred and six infertile outpatients, attending assisted reproduction techniques, underwent a "first level" colposcopy. Two hundred fifty nine abnormal transformation zones were biopsied and the histologic diagnoses were subdivided as follows: squamous metaplasia, squamous metaplasia + koilocytosis, isolated koilocytosis, condyloma, CIN + HPV, cervicitis.

Detection of viral and bacterial infections in women with normal and abnormal colposcopy.

Signs and symptoms of sexually-transmitted diseases (STD) do not allow any etiological diagnosis in women. Colposcopic findings are seldom pathognomic. Consequently, the microbiology laboratory with the recent availability of molecular diagnostic tools is required to detect the infectious bacterial and/or viral agents involved in STD.

Immunohistochemical analysis of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) and c-erbB-2 and correlation with pathological prognostic variables in endometrial carcinomas.

In this study the immunohistochemical expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) and erbB-2 in endometrial carcinomas at different stages of disease progression were evaluated and correlated with clinicopathological prognostic variables. Our results indicate that EGF-R and erbB-2 molecules are expressed in normal endometrium as well as in the majority of the carcinomas evaluated (83% and 92% respectively). The intensity of the immunostaining varied greatly (1+ to 3+) in the different tumors.

The influence of obesity in the sexual life of women in menopause. A case control study.

It seemed important to us to investigate sexuality during the post-menopausal and senile period to evaluate whether changes in sexual behaviour are related with endocrine-functional alterations brought on by menopause, or whether social-economic and environmental factors represent the principal cause. Thus 1,500 questionnaires were distributed to women aged from 50 to 87. Of the 1,500 questionnaires distributed, only 713 (47.