Age differences in the prosecution of child abuse cases.

Introduction: Evidence in child abuse cases can be scarce and is often centred around the child's testimony. However, child testimony varies with the child's development. Here, an overview of suspects, case decisions and court verdicts from a cohort of children is presented, stratified across children aged 0-3, 4-7, 8-11, and 12-15 years.

Chronic Alcohol Abuse Leads to Low Bone Mass with No General Loss of Bone Structure or Bone Mechanical Strength.

Unlabelled: Chronic alcohol abuse (CAA) has deleterious effects on skeletal health. This study examined the impact of CAA on bone with regard to bone density, structure, and strength. Bone specimens from 42 individuals with CAA and 42 individuals without alcohol abuse were obtained at autopsy.

[Eosinophilic myocarditis and sudden unexpected death in a younger patient treated with antipsychotics].

A 36 year-old man suffering from schizophrenia was found dead in his apartment. Forensic autopsy was performed due to sudden unexpected death but did not yield the cause of death. Histological examination of the heart showed eosinophilic myocarditis (EM) while forensic chemistry showed a raised level of aripripazol.

Dieulafoy lesion of the esophagus causing massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding and death: a case report.

Dieulafoy lesion is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We present a case report of sudden and unexpected death in a previously healthy male where autopsy revealed a classic Dieulafoy lesion with a submucosal artery protruding through a small mucosal defect in the esophagus, thereby exposing it to stress and consequent rupture. Advances in endoscopic techniques have drastically reduced mortality from Dieulafoy lesion.

Traumatic death in ankylosing spondylitis.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic rheumatic disease that causes spinal rigidity with an increased risk of spinal fractures. We present a case report where a middle-aged man, in apparent good health, died following a fall from his bike. Postmortem computed tomography (CT) showed several fractures in the cervical and thoracic spine, with displacement into the spinal canal as well as spinal changes consistent with AS.

An alternative approach to computerized tomography (CT) in forensic pathology.

Computerized Tomography (CT) is used by some forensic pathology departments as a supplement to the forensic autopsy. Departments with a limited number of autopsies may find it relatively expensive to acquire and operate a CT-scanner. Furthermore, it requires a great deal of training and experience to interpret the radiological data.

Positive Chlamydia culture with normal ano-genital findings following single incident of incestuous abuse.

Since 1994 the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, has performed colposcopic examinations of children suspected of sexual abuse or assault. The institute serves an area with approximately 2.5 million inhabitants and performs 50-75 colposcopic examinations per year.

Sudden cardiac death in a young woman: tumor of the atrioventricular (AV) node or citalopram intoxication?

Atrioventricular (AV) node tumor is a very rare lesion of the cardiac conduction system. Clinically, it is associated with complete AV block and sudden cardiac death, often in apparently healthy young people. We report a case of a 24-year-old woman who developed ventricular fibrillation during sexual intercourse and died before admittance to the hospital.

MR imaging of the normal sacroiliac joint with correlation to histology.

Objective: The microscopic study of the various components of joints provide a proper basis for understanding the nature of pathologic lesions to which they are subject and their imaging appearances. This study was designed to correlate MR imaging with a systematic histological study of the normal sacroiliac joint (SIJ), which to our knowledge is not available in the literature.

Design And Patients: Five male cadavers, aged 20 to 45 years, and seven male and seven female volunteers, aged 23 to 44 years, were investigated with oblique transaxial and coronal MR imaging of the SIJs.

Low bone mineral density in the femoral neck of medieval women: a result of multiparity?

An archaeological investigation of a medieval cemetery gave us the opportunity to investigate 49 Danish skeletons dating from 1000 to 1250 A.D. and to compare them with 298 contemporary Danes (aged 19-79 years) and assess the millennial trend in bone mineral density (BMD) in populations considered genetically closely related.

Primary hyperparathyroidism: bone structure, balance, and remodeling before and 3 years after surgical treatment.

In 19 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) (14 women and 5 men; age 53 +/- 11 years, range 29-69 years), bone densitometry, biochemical markers of bone turnover, and iliac crest bone biopsies were obtained before and 3 years after successful surgical treatment. A significant increase in bone mineral content (BMC) was observed in both the lumbar spine (p < 0.001) and the proximal part of the distal forearm (p < 0.

Hormone replacement therapy prevents osteoclastic hyperactivity: A histomorphometric study in early postmenopausal women.

In a randomized, double blind, clinical prospective trial comprising 35 women treated with either hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (cyclic estradiol/norethisterone acetate) or placebo we performed histomorphometric studies on paired bone biopsies obtained before and after 2 years of treatment. Untreated women developed a progressively more negative balance at individual bone multicellular units (BMUs) (i.e.

Pattern of injuries due to interpersonal violence.

The specific aim of this study was to find characteristics of violence-related injuries, its anatomic distribution and the mechanisms. During a one-year period 1481 consecutive assault victims were interviewed and examined at the Accident and Emergency departments or the Department of Forensic Medicine in Aarhus, Denmark. Information about 2432 violence-related injuries was analysed.

Sudden death due to rupture of a saccular intracranial aneurysm in a 13-year-old boy.

This case report describes sudden death in a young boy resulting from an undiagnosed saccular intracranial aneurysm located at the right posterior cerebral artery. It is suggested that the rupture might have been provoked by xylometazolin aerosol, which can increase blood pressure.

The diagnosis of a murder from skeletal remains: a case report.

A skeletonised body was found in a Danish forest. The examination of the bones revealed several incision on the skeleton, one located on the cervical column, two on the sternum, one perforating incision to the right iliac crest, and several superficial ones to the ribs and the right tibia. The skeletonized body was thought to be that of a young man in the twenties with a height of 170 cm.

Bone histomorphometry in hypoparathyroid patients treated with vitamin D.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D are both active regulators of bone remodeling. Several studies, mostly in animals and in vitro, have suggested that the two hormones act synergistically or interdependently. The aim of the present study was therefore to describe the actions of vitamin D alone on bone remodeling in the absence of circulating PTH.

Two cases of lethal nitrazepam poisoning.

This case report describes two cases of lethal poisoning caused by a combination of advanced chronic disease and an overdose of nitrazepam. In both cases, a relatively small blood concentration of nitrazepam was found postmortem.

Marked changes in iliac crest bone structure in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients without any signs of disturbed bone remodeling or balance.

Successful iliac crest bone biopsies were obtained from 63 women with postmenopausal vertebral crush fracture osteoporosis. Structural and static histomorphometric parameters were compared with 25 age-matched normal females, who had suffered an unexpected and sudden death. The control group for dynamic parameters comprised 13 younger normal females.

Star volume in bone research. A histomorphometric analysis of trabecular bone structure using vertical sections.

Conventional bone histomorphometry performed on iliac crest biopsies does not generally provide unbiased stereological estimates of parameters related to bone structure due to the anisotropy of trabecular bone; this, however, can be obtained with vertical sections, which are anisotropic sections, in combination with an anisotropic test system. A practical procedure for obtaining vertical sections from bone is described. The new stereological parameter, the star volume, can provide an unbiased estimation of the absolute mean size of the marrow space and thus give an indirect estimate of the connectivity of trabecular bone structure.

Primary hyperparathyroidism: iliac crest trabecular bone volume, structure, remodeling, and balance evaluated by histomorphometric methods.

Iliac bone biopsies from 69 patients (48 females, 21 males; median age 58 years; range 17-79 years) with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) were examined, and static histomorphometric parameters compared to 30 age- and sex-matched normal controls. The control group for the dynamic parameters constituted 20 sex-matched younger normal controls. Fractional volume of trabecular bone was normal, but the trabeculae were thinner (p less than 0.