Quality, availability and suitability of antimicrobial stewardship guidance: a multinational qualitative study.

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes are established across the world to treat infections efficiently, prioritize patient safety, and reduce the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. One of the core elements of AMS programmes is guidance to support and direct physicians in making efficient, safe and optimal decisions when prescribing antibiotics. To optimize and tailor AMS, we need a better understanding of prescribing physicians' experience with AMS guidance.

Ability of older male caregivers to seek help when caring for a wife or mother with dementia living at home.

We aimed to clarify factors associated with the ability to seek help among older male caregivers who care for women with dementia in their families. This information will inform strategies to support their continued provision of long-term care. Participants were 364 male caregivers recruited from three places: The study period was 2017-2018.

Immunohistochemistry versus PCR Technology for Molecular Subtyping of Breast Cancer: Multicentered Expereinces from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

The application of immunohistochemistry (IHC) for molecular characterization of breast cancer (BC) is of paramount importance; however, it is not universally standardized, subject to observer variability and quantifying is a challenge. An alternative molecular technology, such as endpoint reverse transcription (RT)-PCR gene expression analysis, may improve observer variability and diagnostic accuracy. This study was intended to compare IHC with the RT-PCR based technique and assess the potential of RT-PCR for molecular subtyping of BC.

Intraregional hospital outbreak of OXA-244-producing ST38 in Norway, 2020.

Infections with OXA-244-carbapenemase-producing with sequence type (ST)38 have recently increased in Europe. Due to its low-level activity against carbapenems, OXA-244 can be difficult to detect. Previous assessments have not revealed a clear source and route of transmission for OXA-244-producing , but there are indications of non-healthcare related sources and community spread.

Morphological alterations of the abdominal wall after open incisional hernia repair with endoscopic anterior and open posterior component separation.

Purpose: Effects of component separation (CS) on abdominal wall morphology have only been investigated in smaller case series or cadavers. This study aimed to compare abdominal wall alterations following endoscopic anterior CS (EACS) or open transverse abdominis release (TAR).

Methods: Computed tomography scans were evaluated in patients who had undergone open incisional hernia repair with EACS or TAR.

Changes in the abdominal wall after anterior, posterior, and combined component separation.

Knowledge of the changes that occur in the abdominal wall after component separation (CS) is essential for understanding the mechanisms of action of the various CS techniques, the changes observed on computed tomography images, and, perhaps most importantly, the anatomic and physiologic changes observed in patients who have undergone CS. Purpose Component separation (CS) techniques are essential adjuncts during most abdominal wall reconstructions. They allow the fulfillment of most modern abdominal wall reconstruction principles, especially primary closure of defects and linea alba restoration under physiologic tension.

Prophylactic negative pressure wound therapy after open ventral hernia repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Negative pressure wound therapy on closed incisions (iNPWT) is a wound dressing system developed to promote wound healing and avoid complications after surgical procedures. The effect of iNPWT is well established in various surgical fields, however, the effect on postoperative wound complications after ventral hernia repair remains unknown. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of iNPWT on patients undergoing open ventral hernia repair (VHR) compared with conventional wound dressing.

Abdominal wound dehiscence is dangerous: a nationwide study of 14,169 patients undergoing elective open resection for colonic cancer.

Purpose: The potential impact of abdominal wound dehiscence on long-term survival after elective abdominal surgery is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of abdominal wound dehiscence on survival and incisional hernia repair after elective, open colonic cancer resection.

Methods: This was a nationwide cohort study based on merged data from Danish national registries, comprising patients subjected to elective, open resection for colonic cancer between May 1, 2001 and January 1, 2016.

A Cross-Sectional Study of the Relationship Between Mental Health Problems and Overweight and Obesity in Adolescents.

There is a suggested coexistence between obesity and mental health discomfort in adolescence. The objective of this study was to explore if mental health indices covaried with body mass index (BMI) in adolescence and if there were gender-related disparities. Data were collected in two cross-sectional surveys of 10th-grade students (15 to 16 years old) carried out in 2002 and 2017.

Should simultaneous stoma closure and incisional hernia repair be avoided?

Purpose: Patients scheduled for stoma closure may also have an incisional hernia. Studies have reported acceptable outcomes after contaminated ventral hernia repair, but whether stoma closure and incisional hernia repair should be performed as a combined procedure is unknown. This study examined combined stoma closure and incisional hernia repair compared with incisional hernia repair only.

Enhanced recovery after abdominal wall reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) are evidence-based protocols associated with improved patient outcomes. The use of ERAS pathways is well documented in various surgical specialties. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the efficacy of ERAS protocols in patients undergoing abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR).

Vitamin D Status and Its Determinants in A Paediatric Population in Norway.

Recommendations for sufficient vitamin D intake in children were recently revised in Norway. However, optimal levels of vitamin D are still debated and knowledge on supplementation and vitamin D levels in healthy children in Norway is scarce. Therefore, we measured the plasma-concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in children and adolescents attending the outpatient paediatric clinics in Innlandet Hospital Trust, Norway during two consecutive years (2015-2017).

Histology and Function of the Rectus Abdominis Muscle in Patients With Incisional Hernia.

Background: The aim of the current study was to examine different features of the rectus abdominis muscle (RA) in patients with and without a midline incisional hernia to characterize the effects of a hernia on abdominal wall skeletal muscle.

Material And Methods: RA tissue from patients undergoing surgical repair of a large midline incisional hernia (n = 18) was compared with that from an intact abdominal wall in patients undergoing colorectal resection for benign or low-grade malignant disease (n = 18). In addition, needle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle (VL) of all subjects.

Using Biosecurity Measures to Combat Respiratory Disease in Cattle: The Norwegian Control Program for Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Bovine Coronavirus.

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) cause important health problems in all cattle husbandry systems. It contributes substantially to the use of antimicrobial substances and compromises animal welfare and the sustainability of the cattle industry. The existing preventive measures of BRD focus at the individual animal or herd level and include vaccination, mass treatment with antimicrobials and improvement of the animal's environment and general health status.

Mesh versus suture in elective repair of umbilical hernia: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Mesh repair of umbilical hernia has been associated with a reduced recurrence rate compared with suture closure, but potentially at the expense of increased postoperative complications and chronic pain. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the outcomes after elective open mesh and suture repair for umbilical hernia in adults.

Methods: A literature search was conducted to identify studies presenting original data on elective open mesh and suture repair of umbilical hernia.

Mild to Moderate Iodine Deficiency and Inadequate Iodine Intake in Lactating Women in the Inland Area of Norway.

Breastfed infants are dependent on an adequate supply of iodine in human milk for the production of thyroid hormones, necessary for development of the brain. Despite the importance of iodine for infant health, data on Norwegian lactating women are scarce. We measured iodine intake and evaluated iodine status and iodine knowledge among lactating women.

The Reliability of Iodine Concentration in Diaper-Retrieved Infant Urine Using Urine Collection Pads, and in Their Mothers' Breastmilk.

Mild to moderate iodine deficiency is common among women of childbearing age. Data on iodine status in infants are sparse, partly due to the challenges in collecting urine. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) is considered a good marker for recent dietary iodine intake and status in populations.

The use of component separation during abdominal wall reconstruction in contaminated fields: A case-control analysis.

Background: Component separation technique (CST) allows fascial medialization during abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR). Wound contamination increases the incidence of wound complications, which multiplies the incidence of repair failure. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of CST on AWR outcomes in contaminated fields in comparison to those operations without CST.

Incisional hernia repair in women of childbearing age: A nationwide propensity-score matched study.

Background & Aims: Although incisional hernia repair in women of childbearing age is not rare, hernia disease in this group of patients is sparsely documented. The aim of this study was to examine long-term clinical results after incisional hernia repair in women of childbearing age.

Material And Methods: This nationwide cohort study examined incisional hernia repair from 2007 to 2013 in women of childbearing age, registered prospectively in the Danish Ventral Hernia Database.

Late-Presenting Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema: A Case Report Series from the Norseman Xtreme Triathlon.

Swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) may develop during strenuous physical exertion in water. This case series reports on three cases of suspected late-presenting SIPE during the Norseman Xtreme Triathlon. A 30-year-old male professional (PRO) triathlete, a 40-year-old female AGE GROUP triathlete and a 34-year-old male AGE GROUP triathlete presented with shortness of breath, chest tightness and coughing up pink sputum during the last part of the bike phase.

Levels of Lipoprotein (a) in patients with coronary artery disease with and without inflammatory rheumatic disease: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Patients with various inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs) have increased risk of atherothrombotic disease. Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) is a risk factor for atherosclerosis but its role in IRD with accompanying coronary artery disease (CAD) is still unclear. We aimed to examine if serum Lp(a) levels differed between CAD patients with and without accompanying IRD.

Tandem-genotypes: robust detection of tandem repeat expansions from long DNA reads.

Tandemly repeated DNA is highly mutable and causes at least 31 diseases, but it is hard to detect pathogenic repeat expansions genome-wide. Here, we report robust detection of human repeat expansions from careful alignments of long but error-prone (PacBio and nanopore) reads to a reference genome. Our method is robust to systematic sequencing errors, inexact repeats with fuzzy boundaries, and low sequencing coverage.

Crystal structure of chlorido-{tris-[2-(iso-propyl-sulfan-yl)phen-yl]phosphane-κ ,,',''}nickel(II) tri-fluoro-methane-sulfonate.

The complex cation of the title compound, [NiCl{P(CH-2-S--Pr)}](CFSO), has a slightly distorted trigonal-bipyramidal coordination geometry in which three S atoms are located in the equatorial plane, and one P and one Cl atom in the apical positions. In the cation, there are two intra-molecular C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, there are some inter-molecular C-H⋯O and C-H⋯F hydrogen bonds formed between the cation and the anion.

Nationwide Propensity-Score Matched Study of Mesh Versus Suture Repair of Primary Ventral Hernias in Women with a Subsequent Pregnancy.

Background: Mesh reinforcement is recommended for repair of primary ventral hernias; however, this recommendation does not consider a potential subsequent pregnancy. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to compare mesh and suture repair of a primary ventral hernia in women with a subsequent pregnancy.

Methods: All women of childbearing age who underwent repair of a primary ventral hernia between 2007 and 2014 were identified in the Danish Ventral Hernia Database.