Neuroprotective thiourea derivative uncouples mitochondria and exerts weak protonophoric action on lipid membranes.

The isothiourea derivative NT-1505 is known as a neuroprotector and cognition enhancer in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. Bearing in mind possible relation of the NT-1505-mediated neuroprotection to mitochondrial uncoupling activity, here, we examine NT-1505 effects on mitochondria functioning. At concentrations starting from 10 μM, NT-1505 prevented Ca-induced mitochondrial swelling, similar to common uncouplers.

New Hybrid Structures Based on Memanthine and Edaravone Molecules.

New hybrid structures based on memantine and edaravone molecules, in which the pyrazolone ring and adamantane fragments are linked by an alkyl linker, were synthesized. It was found that, in addition to the ability to block the intrachannel site of NMDA receptors, the new hybrid compounds exhibit the property of blockers of the allosteric site of NMDA receptors, which is not inherent in memantine and edaravone preparations. The most active hit compound was determined, which, along with the properties of a two-site blocker of the NMDA receptor, exhibits a pronounced activity as an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, similarly to the drug edaravone.

New Adamantane-Containing Edaravone Conjugates as Potential Neuroprotective Agents for ALS Treatments.

Currently, there are no effective drugs for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Only two drugs-edaravone and riluzole-have been approved, but they have very limited efficacy. The aim of this work was to modify the structural core of the Edaravone-phenylpyrazolone moiety and combine it with aminoadamantane pharmacophore in order to expand the spectrum of its action to a number of processes involved in the pathogenesis of ALS.

Mitochondria and Oxidative Stress as a Link between Alzheimer's Disease and Diabetes Mellitus.

This review is devoted to the problems of the common features linking metabolic disorders and type 2 diabetes with the development of Alzheimer's disease. The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease closely intersects with the mechanisms of type 2 diabetes development, and an important risk factor for both pathologies is aging. Common pathological mechanisms include both factors in the development of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, insulin resistance, and amyloidosis, as well as impaired mitochondrial dysfunctions and increasing cell death.

Conjugates of Methylene Blue with Cycloalkaneindoles as New Multifunctional Agents for Potential Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disease.

The development of multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) would provide effective therapy of neurodegenerative diseases (ND) with complex and nonclear pathogenesis. A promising method to create such potential drugs is combining neuroactive pharmacophoric groups acting on different biotargets involved in the pathogenesis of ND. We developed a synthetic algorithm for the conjugation of indole derivatives and methylene blue (), which are pharmacophoric ligands that act on the key stages of pathogenesis.

[Diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions using convolutional neural networks by the morphometric image analysis of facies of pleural exudate].

Objective: To estimate the possibility of diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion using convolutional neural networks of facies images of pleural exudates obtained by the method of wedge-shaped dehydration.

Material And Methods: We studied 163 images of pleural fluid facies obtained by wedge-shaped dehydration in patients with various pleural effusions (10 nosological groups). Recognition and analysis were carried out using convolutional neural network.

[Ways of optimization of standards of treatment of acute cholecystitis].

The article presents an analysis of tactical approaches in patients with acute cholecystitis on the basis of an experience with treatment of acute cholecystitis under conditions of multiprophile hospital in Saint Petersburg and modern ideas of the problem in the world.

[Postulcerorhaphic syndrome: causes of the development and pathogenetic forms].

The article deals with the question of consequences of suturing perforating pyloroduodenal ulcer in late terms in 355 patients. Marking out the postulcerorhaphic syndrome which complicated the course of the ulcer disease in 24.5% of cases and requires the determination of early indications to reoperation was grounded.

[Features of verification of virus B hepatitis in patients with acute cholecystitis].

The article is devoted to studying possibilities of USI in different diagnostics of acute hepatitis B and acute cholecystitis. An analysis of the data of 201 patients has shown high sensitivity and specificity of the method of detection of acute hepatitis and estimation of its severity. Symptoms not described in literature previously are described.

[Specific features of strategy of treatment of acute cholecystitis under conditions of multifield hospitals: unsolved problems].

An experience with different approaches to treatment of acute cholecystitis under conditions of multifield hospitals is described. On the basis of comparative data of treatment of 10518 patients the optimal strategy of treatment of acute cholecystitis was determined.

[A new view on pathogenesis of dumping-syndrome].

Clinical-laboratory investigations in 58 patients with peptic ulcer have shown that increased production of the intestinal hormones of the chromophine system of the gastrointestinal tract is of great significance in pathogenesis of dumping syndrome after Billroth-II resection of the stomach.

[Transabdominal ultrtasonic investigation of the upper parts of the gastro-intestinal tract in diagnostics of ulcer disease and decision on the strategy before and after surgery].

The authors present an analysis of results of the diagnostics and treatment of 293 patients admitted to the Alexandrovskaya hospital of St. Petersburg in 1995-2005 for gastroduodenal ulcer, including 202 patients after operative treatment. The morpho-functional state of the upper parts of the gastro-intestinal tract was assessed by the method of transabdominal sonography of the stomach and duodenum with a convection transducer 5 MHz in on-line regimen.

[A method of pylorus-preserving resection of the stomach for duodenum ulcer disease].

A method of pylorus-preserving resection of the stomach including dissection of the ulcer and segmental resection of the duodenum followed by a pylorus-preserving resection of the stomach was developed and used in the clinic in 8 patients with ulcer disease of the duodenum. Positive effect manifested itself as preserved functional activity of the pylorus complex and duodenum. The method allows securing adequate pathogenetic effects, leveling the development of such complications as chronic impairment of duodenal patency, duodenal-gastric reflux, dumping syndrome.

[Proteolytic preparation from the culture of Bacillus polymyxa str. 13-13].

A proteolytic preparation has been isolated from the culture fluid filtrate Bacillus polymyxa str. 13-13 by salting out with (NH4)2SO4 (0.7 of complete saturation).