Intrinsic Detectivity Limits of Organic Near-Infrared Photodetectors.

Organic photodetectors (OPDs) with a performance comparable to that of conventional inorganic ones have recently been demonstrated for the visible regime. However, near-infrared photodetection has proven to be challenging and, to date, the true potential of organic semiconductors in this spectral range (800-2500 nm) remains largely unexplored. In this work, it is shown that the main factor limiting the specific detectivity (D*) is non-radiative recombination, which is also known to be the main contributor to open-circuit voltage losses.

Can indoor sports centers be allowed to re-open during the COVID-19 pandemic based on a certificate of equivalence?

Within a time span of only a few months, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has managed to spread across the world. This virus can spread by close contact, which includes large droplet spray and inhalation of microscopic droplets, and by indirect contact via contaminated objects. While in most countries, supermarkets have remained open, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, authorities have ordered many other shops, restaurants, bars, music theaters and indoor sports centers to be closed.

[The fragile yellow jersey: bone health in cyclists].

Although cycling has positive health effects, including improvement of cardiovascular fitness, it does not have a favourable effect on bone health. In professional cyclists, the bone mineral density (BMD) will actually have decreased at the end of an intensive season. As a professional cyclist's career progresses, there will be a further decrease in BMD particularly in the hip and lumbar spine.

The Impact of Acceptor-Acceptor Homocoupling on the Optoelectronic Properties and Photovoltaic Performance of PDTSQx Low Bandgap Polymers.

Push-pull-type conjugated polymers applied in organic electronics do not always contain a perfect alternation of donor and acceptor building blocks. Misscouplings can occur, which have a noticeable effect on the device performance. In this work, the influence of homocoupling on the optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic performance of PDTSQx polymers is investigated, with a specific focus on the quinoxaline acceptor moieties.

Continuous Flow Polymer Synthesis toward Reproducible Large-Scale Production for Efficient Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells.

Organic photovoltaics (OPV) have attracted great interest as a solar cell technology with appealing mechanical, aesthetical, and economies-of-scale features. To drive OPV toward economic viability, low-cost, large-scale module production has to be realized in combination with increased top-quality material availability and minimal batch-to-batch variation. To this extent, continuous flow chemistry can serve as a powerful tool.

Quinoxaline-Based Cyclo(oligophenylenes).

A series of fully conjugated quinoxaline-based oligophenylene macrocycles is synthesized by Ni(0)-mediated Yamamoto-type diaryl homocoupling of (fluorinated) 2,3-bis(4'-bromophenyl)quinoxaline precursors. Cyclotrimers and cyclotetramers are obtained as the dominant reaction products. The cyclooligomers are fully characterized, including single-crystal X-ray structures, and their optoelectronic properties are analyzed with respect to possible applications in host-guest chemistry and organic electronics.

Unraveling the fluorescence features of individual corrole NH tautomers.

The fluorescence spectra of 10-(4,6-dichloropyrimidin-5-yl)-5,15-dimesitylcorrole have been studied in the temperature range from 4.2 to 332 K. For the first time, the individual fluorescence profiles of the two corrole NH tautomers have been assigned over the whole temperature range.

Consensus Report: 2nd European Workshop on Tobacco Use Prevention and Cessation for Oral Health Professionals.

Tobacco use has been identified as a major risk factor for oral disorders such as cancer and periodontal disease. Tobacco use cessation (TUC) is associated with the potential for reversal of precancer, enhanced outcomes following periodontal treatment, and better periodontal status compared to patients who continue to smoke. Consequently, helping tobacco users to quit has become a part of both the responsibility of oral health professionals and the general practice of dentistry.

Exercise performance as a function of semi-solid and liquid carbohydrate feedings during prolonged exercise.

Aim of this study was to examine the effects of a semi-solid and a liquid carbohydrate feeding on exercise performance. Thirty-two male triathletes performed three exercise trials (3 hours maximal at 75% VO2max) with either a semi-solid feeding (S), an iso-caloric liquid feeding (F) or a liquid placebo (P). Exercise consisted of cycling (bout 1 and 3) and running (bout 2 and 4).

Gastrointestinal problems as a function of carbohydrate supplements and mode of exercise.

The aim of the study was to examine prevalence and duration/seriousness of gastrointestinal (GI) problems as a function of carbohydrate-rich (CHO) supplements and mode of exercise. The relationship between GI problems and a variety of physiological and personal factors (age, exercise experience) was also examined. Thirty-two male tri-athletes performed three experimental trials at 1-wk intervals, each trial on a different supplement: a conventional, semisolid supplement (S; 1.