Tailgut cyst, management of a rare perianal mass: a case report.

Background: A perianal mass has a wide range of possible diagnoses, including tailgut cysts. Tailgut cysts are congenital, and their development is slow. Because its most common placement is retro-rectal, it is extremely rare to find it on the perianal level only.

Local triamcinolone injection and selective add-on oral steroids to prevent esophageal post-endoscopic submucosal dissection stricture: a retrospective analysis in a Western center.

Background: Extensive esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissections (ESDs) without preventive measures carry a high risk of stricture. Oral steroids and local injection of triamcinolone acetonide have proven to be effective in Asia for the prevention of esophageal stricture. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a systematic steroid administration protocol for stricture prevention in a Western center.

The impact of a multidisciplinary team approach on the management of focal pancreatic lesions: a single tertiary center experience.

Background: Multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings aim to optimize patient management. We evaluated the impact of MDT discussions on the management and diagnosis of focal pancreatic lesions in a single tertiary center.

Methods: All patients with an initial diagnosis of solid or cystic pancreatic lesion discussed in our institution's MDT meeting on pancreatic diseases between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021, were included.

The current understanding of the immune landscape relative to radiotherapy across tumor types.

Radiotherapy is part of the standard of care treatment for a great majority of cancer patients. As a result of radiation, both tumor cells and the environment around them are affected directly by radiation, which mainly primes but also might limit the immune response. Multiple immune factors play a role in cancer progression and response to radiotherapy, including the immune tumor microenvironment and systemic immunity referred to as the immune landscape.

Mid-gut exploration: video-capsule endoscopy cannot always determine the insertion route of device-assisted enteroscopy.

Video 1Difficult choice between anterograde versus retrograde motorized spiral enteroscopy based on video-capsule endoscopy findings to target a lesion illustrated in a clinical case.

Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma with Functioning Stroma and Associated Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia.

We report the case of a 79-year-old woman with a large pelvic mass and postmenopausal bleeding, associated with hyperestrogenism. A pelvic MRI shows the presence of a large mass of 12.6 cm originating from the right ovary without signs of metastasis.

Ectopic Fetal Liver Tissue in the Placenta of a Twin Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Ectopic liver tissue represents a rare entity and is mostly attributed to events occurring during embryogenesis. Previous case reports documented the presence of fetal liver parenchyma within temporarily developed organs during pregnancy, such as the placenta or the umbilical cord. Moreover, the terminology of these benign findings varies from "ectopic liver" to "hepatocellular adenoma-like neoplasm" or "hepatocellular adenoma".

Immature squamous metaplasia of esophageal glands associated with squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Esophageal immature squamous metaplasia is hardly reported in the literature. This entity can, however, be misinterpreted as high grade dysplasia or invasive squamous cell carcinoma and hence represent a potential pitfall.

Case Presentation: Histopathological examination of a superficial esophageal lesion removed by endoscopic submucosal dissection revealed a squamous cell carcinoma associated with immature squamous cell metaplasia arising from esophageal glands.

Polypoid colon mucosa in a leukemia patient.

A woman, followed for chronic myeloid leukaemia, presented for a routine examination. Her medical history was marked by recurrent Helicobacter pylori gastritis and polymyalgica rheumatica. She was under dasatinib and hormone replacement therapy.

Clinical, histological and molecular profiling of different stages of alcohol-related liver disease.

Objective: Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) ranges from never-decompensated ALD (ndALD) to the life-threatening decompensated phenotype, known as alcohol-related hepatitis (AH). A multidimensional study of the clinical, histological and molecular features of these subtypes is lacking.

Design: Two large cohorts of patients were recruited in an international, observational multicentre study: a retrospective cohort of patients with ndALD (n=110) and a prospective cohort of patients with AH (n=225).

Endoscopic duodenal mucosal resurfacing for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a pilot study.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide with limited treatment options. Duodenal mucosal resurfacing (DMR) has been associated with improvement in glycaemic parameters and liver function tests (LFTs) in type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to assess the effect of DMR in patients with NASH.

Isolated oesophageal Crohn's disease mimicking oesophageal carcinoma treated by Merendino procedure.

Oesophageal involvement is a very rare presentation of Crohn's disease. It can occur as an isolated mass causing dysphagia and can be mistaken for malignancy. Here, we report a case of a 75-year-old woman presenting with dysphagia and weight loss.

Accuracy and other quality indicators of solid pancreatic mass endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration and biopsy in two academic endoscopy centers.

Background And Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration/biopsy (EUS-FNA/FNB) is highly accurate, but discrepancies between cytological and surgical diagnoses are still observed. We aimed to determine its accuracy and monitor quality indicators in our facilities.

Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all cases of pancreatic solid lesions evaluated by EUS-FNA/FNB, between July 2015 and June 2018, in two centers.

Efficacy and safety of bismuth-based quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in children.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 10-day quadruple therapy containing colloidal bismuth sub-citrate (CBS), esomeprazole (ESO), amoxicillin (AMO), and metronidazole (MET) for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication in children.

Methods: Monocentric, open-label, prospective, single-arm clinical trial in children aged 6-17 years with H.

New Treatment Strategy Targeting Galectin-1 against Thyroid Cancer.

Although the overall survival rate of papillary or follicular thyroid cancers is good, anaplastic carcinomas and radio iodine refractory cancers remain a significant therapeutic challenge. Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is overexpressed in tumor cells and tumor-associated endothelial cells, and is broadly implicated in angiogenesis, cancer cell motility and invasion, and immune system escape. Our team has previously demonstrated a higher serum level of Gal-1 in patients with differentiated thyroid cancers versus healthy patients, and explored, by a knockdown strategy, the effect of Gal-1 silencing on cell proliferation and invasion in vitro, and on tumor and metastasis development in vivo.

Undifferentiated Pancreatic Carcinoma With Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells: What Do We Know So Far?

Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas is an aggressive but rare tumor for which several other terms have been used to describe its histological appearance. In addition, as osteoclast-like giant cells may accompany undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas, the WHO Classification distinguishes undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UC-OGC) from plain undifferentiated carcinoma since there are a few histopathological and clinical differences. UC-OGC was initially thought to be associated with worse prognosis compared to invasive ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma, since it is often unresectable at diagnosis and tends to recur rapidly even if completely resected.

Myeloid tumor necrosis factor and heme oxygenase-1 regulate the progression of colorectal liver metastases during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion.

The liver ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury that occurs consequently to hepatic resection performed in patients with metastases can lead to tumor relapse for not fully understood reasons. We assessed the effects of liver IR on tumor growth and the innate immune response in a mouse model of colorectal (CR) liver metastasis. Mice subjected to liver ischemia 2 days after intrasplenic injection of CR carcinoma cells displayed a higher metastatic load in the liver, correlating with Kupffer cells (KC) death through the activation of receptor-interating protein 3 kinase (RIPK3) and caspase-1 and a recruitment of monocytes.

ACE2 Protein Landscape in the Head and Neck Region: The Conundrum of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

The coronavirus pandemic raging worldwide since December 2019 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which invades human cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Although it has already been identified in many organs, ACE2 expression remains largely unknown in the head and neck (HN) sphere. Thus, this study aims to investigate its protein expression in several sites of the upper aerodigestive tract in order to highlight potential routes of infection.

Vulval Intestinal/Enteric Heterotopia in a Patient with Crohn's Disease.

Intestinal/enteric heterotopia of the vulva is an extremely rare disease with only 3 cases described in the literature. We report here an unusual case of this disease occurring in a 26-year-old patient in a context of Crohn's disease. To the best of our knowledge, such type of association has not been previously described.