I Won't Forget to Do It If It's Important: A Multinomial Processing Tree Analysis of Social Importance and Monetary Reward on Event-Based Prospective Memory.

While previous research has suggested that prospective memory may be enhanced by providing a social motive (i.e., social importance) or by promising a monetary reward for successful performance, to the best of our knowledge, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these effects are still largely unexplored.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism moderates the relationship between impulsivity, negative emotions, and binge drinking intensity in university students.

Studies on the genetic factors involved in binge drinking (BD) and its associated traits are very rare. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate differences in the association between impulsivity, emotion regulation and BD in a sample of young adults according to the rs6265/Val66Met variant in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene, a well-known candidate gene in alcohol use disorders. We recruited 226 university students (112 women), aged between 18 and 25 years old, from two centers in France.

[Covid-19, impacts on the mental health of people suffering from anxiety and depression].

The Covid-19 pandemic and the resulting health protection measures have had repercussions on the mental health of the population, particularly for people already made vulnerable by mental illness. This study describes the psychological impact of the health crisis on 85 patients suffering mainly from anxiety-depressive disorders. A retrospective analysis reveals that some patients felt their mood deteriorated during the lockdown.

Neural Responses to the Implicit Processing of Emotional Facial Expressions in Binge Drinking.

Aims: Emotional processing is a crucial ability in human and impairments in the processing of emotions are considered as transdiagnostic processes in psychopathology. In alcohol use disorder, numerous studies have investigated emotional processing and showed emotional deficits related to the perpetuation of alcohol use. Recent studies have also explored this topic in binge drinking, but few studies are available.

Is There a Link Between Frequency of Dreams, Lucid Dreams, and Subjective Sleep Quality?

A lucid dream is a dream in which one is conscious of dreaming and can possibly control the dream or passively observe its unfolding. Frequencies of lucid dreaming (LD), dream with awareness, and dream with actual control were previously investigated in a French student population. As a student population usually differs on oneiric and sleep characteristics (such as sleep quality) from the general population, more investigations were needed.

Instruments Measuring Prospective Memory: A Systematic and Meta-Analytic Review.

Objective: To identify the available measures to assess prospective memory (PM) abilities, to describe their content, and to quantitatively summarize the effects of various diseases on PM depending on the type of assessment.

Method: Three databases (PsycInfo, PsycArticles and PubMed) were searched up to June 2019 to identify the existing PM measures. The identified PM measures were classified according to the type of assessment: test batteries, single-trial procedures, questionnaires, and experimental procedures.

The subjective experience of mind wandering in Alzheimer's disease.

Little is known about mind wandering in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we evaluated the subjective experience of mind wandering in AD. We invited AD patients and control participants to rate the occurrence, intentionality, emotionality, visual imagery, specificity, self-relatedness and temporal orientation of mind wandering.

Disentangling the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Problematic Alcohol Use Among College Students: Evidence From a Cluster Analytic Approach.

Aims: Investigation of the relationship between self-esteem and alcohol use among college students has yielded discrepant results. We hypothesized that these discrepancies could originate from a potential heterogeneity of self-esteem patterns among young adult with an alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Methods: A community sample of 343 college students was recruited and categorized with or without AUD using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test cut-offs.

[Specificity of the neuropsychological assessment in geriatrics].

The demographic evolution of our society has increased the need to assess the cognitive functions of people aged over 80. These assessments are made difficult due to the specificities of this population. It is possible to clarify the issues relating to the neuropsychological assessment in geriatrics and to put forward areas for discussion.

Off-track thoughts: Intentional and unintentional mind wandering in Alzheimer's disease.

Aim: Despite the recent upsurge of interest in mind wandering (i.e. the occurrence of task-unrelated and stimulus-independent thoughts), little research has attempted to evaluate mind wandering in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Cloninger's Temperament and Character Dimensions of Personality and Binge Drinking Among College Students.

Background: Temperament and character dimensions of personality remain largely unexplored in young adults exhibiting binge drinking (BD) patterns. Moreover, the available studies do not consider gender differences and dismiss possible personality heterogeneity among binge drinkers. In this study, we aimed to compare temperament and character dimensions between young binge drinkers and age- and sex-matched social drinkers.

Dynamic and Functional Approach to Human Memory in the Brain: A Clinical Neuropsychological Perspective.

The way how cognition is conceived and represented in brain functioning will directly impact clinical investigations of people with cognitive difficulties. This is particularly evident in the field of clinical neuropsychology where methodologies and tools are justified on a fundamental level by the theoretical foundations adopted. The present article outlined how the dominant influences of structural and anatomo-clinical theories of memory have led to a particular conception of clinical investigations.

Regularity effect in prospective memory during aging.

Background: Regularity effect can affect performance in prospective memory (PM), but little is known on the cognitive processes linked to this effect. Moreover, its impacts with regard to aging remain unknown. To our knowledge, this study is the first to examine regularity effect in PM in a lifespan perspective, with a sample of young, intermediate, and older adults.

Talk the talk and walk the walk. Evaluation of autonomy in aging and Alzheimer disease by simulating instrumental activities of daily living: the S-IADL.

Objective: The autonomy of individuals is linked to the achievement of instrumental activities of daily living that require complex behavior. In the elderly, the assessment of autonomy is usually based on questionnaires that have strong subjective constraints. Considering this fact, we tested elderly healthy adults and Alzheimer disease patients using a new measure, the S-IADL (Simulation of Instrumental Activities for Daily Living), to assess the ability to perform effectively activities of daily living.

Investigating on the Methodology Effect When Evaluating Lucid Dream.

Lucid dreaming (LD) is a state of consciousness in which the dreamer is aware that he or she is dreaming and can possibly control the content of his or her dream. To investigate the LD prevalence among different samples, researchers have used different types of methodologies. With regard to retrospective self-report questionnaire, two ways of proceeding seem to emerge.

Relations Between Cognitive Abilities, Drinking Characteristics, and Emotional Recognition in Alcohol Dependence: A Preliminary Exploration.

Background: Alcohol dependence is characterized by wide-ranging cognitive impairments, but also by emotional facial expressions (EFEs) recognition deficits. Although they play a crucial role both in the development and in the maintenance of the disease, cognitive and emotional disorders have up to now been mostly explored separately. As a result, not much is known regarding their interactions.

Age-related slowing: perceptuomotor, decision, or attention decline?

Age-related slowing is well documented but its origin remains unclear. A first validation study (Study 1) performed in 46 participants examined the effect of attention allocation (manipulated through a dual task) on various portions of individual simple reaction time (SRT) distribution (minimum, centile 5, centile 50, and centile 95 RTs). It showed that attention 'deprivation' due to a secondary task is not uniform throughout the distribution but impaired mainly the ability to produce a large number of fast responses.

Clinical evaluation of attentional processes in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BCECTS).

The aim of this study was to identify the attentional processes specifically affected in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BCECTS). The impact of several factors - laterality of discharges, age-at-onset and duration of epilepsy, and medication - on these cognitive functions was also studied. A group of 29 children with BCECTS was evaluated using standardized tests performed in routine clinical practice and specifically designed to assess executive and attentional functions.

Children with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) show impaired attentional control: evidence from an attentional capture paradigm.

Children with epilepsy often have attention deficits, even when epilepsy is idiopathic and benign. The mechanisms underlying attention deficits are still unknown and appear to be different between focal and generalized epilepsy. In this study, an attentional capture paradigm was used to study and compare one aspect of attentional control, the resistance to interference from distractors, in 18 children with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS), 18 children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy and 18 controls aged 7-12 years.