The Gaze of Schizophrenia Patients Captured by Bottom-up Saliency.

Schizophrenia (SCHZ) notably impacts various human perceptual modalities, including vision. Prior research has identified marked abnormalities in perceptual organization in SCHZ, predominantly attributed to deficits in bottom-up processing. Our study introduces a novel paradigm to differentiate the roles of top-down and bottom-up processes in visual perception in SCHZ.

Pretreatment Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment in Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients.

Background: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is one of the most serious side effects of cancer that negatively impacts the quality of life of cancer patients and survivors. There is evidence of CRCI in Hodgkin lymphoma patients (HL); however, there is a lack of studies examining the presence of cognitive deficits before starting any treatment in HL patients.

Methods: Forty adult patients ( = 40) newly diagnosed with HL (with no previous cancer diagnoses) and 40 healthy controls ( = 40) matched for age, sex, education, and premorbid intellect completed the neuropsychological battery and subjective and objective measures of affective distress and quality of life.

An evaluation of the effect of equine-facilitated psychotherapy on patients with substance use disorders.

Equine Facilitated Psychiatry and Psychology (EFPP) is a supportive non-pharmacological treatment program used in the treatment of patients with substance use disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible change in patient's health and health-related quality of life between the first and fourth session of the EFPP program using the Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL) and the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS). The Human-Animal Interaction Scale (HAIS) and a 5-point Likert-type scale was used for an assessment of patient's mood in the experimental group.

Cognitive impairment associated with Hodgkin's lymphoma and chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a well-documented side effect of cancer treatment in various types of tumors including Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). However, a longitudinal study evaluating the cognitive performance of HL patients has been completely lacking. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of CRCI in HL patients before, promptly after, and 6 months after treatment.

Impact of a Long Lockdown on Mental Health and the Role of Media Use: Web-Based Survey Study.

Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Czech population experienced a second lockdown lasting for about half a year, restricting free movement and imposing social isolation. However, it is not known whether the impact of this long lockdown resulted in habituation to the adverse situation or in the traumatization of the Czech population, and whether the media and specific media use contributed to these effects.

Objective: The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of the long lockdown on the mental health of the Czech population, and the role of exposure to COVID-19 news reports and specific forms of media news use in mental health.

Posttraumatic Stress and Posttraumatic Growth in Three Generations of Czech and Slovak Holocaust Survivors.

The psychological consequences of trauma related to the Holocaust have been primarily studied in samples derived from Israel, North America, and Western Europe. Few studies have examined postcommunist countries in Central and Eastern Europe. The present study focused on three generations living in the Czech Republic and Slovakia after World War II (WWII): Holocaust survivors (71-95 years of age), their children (30-73 years of age), and their grandchildren (15-48 years of age).

Validation of the Human-Animal Interaction Scale (HAIS) in Czech Language.

Human-Animal interaction (HAI) refers to any contact between humans and animals. Despite the lack of standardized measures of evaluation, one possible tool is the Human Animal Interaction Scale (HAIS). This study aimed to evaluate it in Czech language and to verify its use in clinical settings.

Deconstructing violence in acutely exacerbating psychotic patients.

Background: This study examined the proximate causes of psychotic patients' aggression upon the admission to the psychiatric wards of a university and two state hospitals.

Methods: The authors used a semistructured interview to elicit proximate causes of assaults from the assailants and victims. The treating psychiatrists and nurses provided additional information.