Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) in childhood and adolescence - a disease with many faces.

Background: Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is a chronic inflammatory skeletal disease that affects particularly children and adolescents and is often diagnosed with a delay. With whole-body MRI, early diagnosis of this disease is possible in many cases. Since children and adolescents frequently present with non-specific complaints for outpatient radiological diagnosis, every radiologist should have basic knowledge of this complex clinical picture.

Predictors of portal vein complications after pediatric liver transplantation: A German center experience.

Background: Portal vein complications (PVCs) after pediatric liver transplantation (LT) are sometimes asymptomatic, especially in the early phase, and can threaten both the graft and patient's survival. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the risk factors for portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and portal vein stenosis (PVS) after pediatric LT.

Methods: All pediatric patients (n = 115) who underwent primary LT at Regensburg University Hospital between January 2010 and April 2017 were included in this study.

The color Doppler twinkling artifact of implants after endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in children: A common finding with high potential for misdiagnosis.

Background: Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common therapeutic procedure in children. Over the last years several studies reported on calcified deflux implants that were misinterpreted as ureteral stones leading to unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.

Objective: Based on an own case, where a calcified implant with a strong twinkling artifact was misdiagnosed as a ureteral stone, the purpose of our study was to evaluate the sonographic imaging appearance of implants after endoscopic VUR repair with special emphasis on the color twinkling artifact.

Sequential CT arterioportography-arteriosplenography depicts individual haemodynamic changes in children with portal hypertension without cirrhosis.

We evaluated sequential computed tomography (CT) arterioportography-arteriosplenography for the assessment of venous pathways in children with portal hypertension without cirrhosis. Institutional Review Board approval was obtained for this retrospective, single-centre study. CT was performed after contrast application via catheters placed in the superior mesenteric artery (CT arterioportography) and the splenic artery (CT arteriosplenography) consecutively.

Additive value of transarterial embolization to systemic sirolimus treatment in kaposiform hemangioendothelioma.

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular tumor in children, which can be accompanied by life-threatening thrombocytopenia, referred to as Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP). The mTOR inhibitor sirolimus is emerging as targeted therapy in KHE. As the sirolimus effect on KHE occurs only after several weeks, we aimed to evaluate whether additional transarterial embolization is of benefit for children with KHE and KMP.

Fast TWIST with iterative reconstruction improves diagnostic accuracy of AVM of the hand.

Very high temporal and spatial resolution is mandatory for the diagnosis of arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the hand. Until now, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has not fulfilled both requirements simultaneously. This study presents how the combination of a very fast TWIST MRI (time-resolved angiography with interleaved stochastic trajectories) sequence and iterative reconstructions optimizes temporal as well as spatial resolution.

Oskar Kokoschka and Auguste Forel: life imitating art or a stroke of genius?

In the spring of 1910, Oskar Kokoschka painted a portrait of the eminent Swiss psychiatrist, neuroanatomist, temperance champion, and myrmecologist Auguste Forel. The painting is a remarkable psychological portrait but also appears to predict the strokes and right hemiparesis that affected Forel more than a year later. Although it is possible that Kokoschka shared a gift of psychic prediction with his mother and grandmother, a more likely explanation can be ascribed to a combination of the artist's acute perception and the presence of subclinical signs of stroke disease.