EDP-938, a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Inhibitor, in a Human Virus Challenge.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes substantial morbidity and mortality among infants, older adults, and immunocompromised adults. EDP-938, a nonfusion replication inhibitor of RSV, acts by modulating the viral nucleoprotein.

Methods: In a two-part, phase 2a, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled challenge trial, we assigned participants who had been inoculated with RSV-A Memphis 37b to receive EDP-938 or placebo.

Circulating microRNA alternations in primary hyperuricemia and gout.

Objectives: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short single-stranded RNAs that play a role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Their deregulation can be associated with various diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative, and immune-related diseases. The aim of our study was to compare miRNA levels in plasma that could potentially influence the progression of hyperuricemia to gout, since the mechanism of progression is still unclear.

Clusterin serum levels are elevated in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis and predict disease activity and treatment response.

Clusterin (CLU) is a molecular chaperone that participates in a variety of biological processes. Recent studies indicate its possible involvement in the development of bone erosions and autoimmunity. The aim of this study was to investigate its serum concentrations in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to explore their potential relationship with disease activity and treatment response.

High miR-451 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from subjects at risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis.

Individuals carrying anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) are considered at high risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The altered expression of miRNAs contributes to the pathogenesis of RA. We aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in the peripheral blood of ACPA-positive individuals with arthralgia at risk of RA compared to healthy controls (HC) and to determine their implications in the preclinical phase of RA.

Clusterin is upregulated in serum and muscle tissue in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and associates with clinical disease activity and cytokine profile.

Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the circulating and skeletal muscle expression of clusterin (CLU) in inflammatory myopathies (IIM) and its potential implication in pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease.

Methods: A total of 85 IIM patients and 86 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. In addition, 20 IIM patients and 21 HC underwent a muscle biopsy.

MicroRNA-331 and microRNA-151-3p as biomarkers in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

We sought to analyse plasma levels of peripheral blood microRNAs (miRs) as biomarkers of ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) due to type-1 myocardial infarction as a model situation of vulnerable plaque (VP) rupture. Samples of 20 patients with STEMI were compared both with a group of patients without angina pectoris in whom coronary angiogram did not reveal coronary atherosclerotic disease (no coronary atherosclerosis-NCA) and a group of patients with stable angina pectoris and at least one significant coronary artery stenosis (stable coronary artery disease-SCAD). This study design allowed us to identify miRs deregulated in the setting of acute coronary artery occlusion due to VP rupture.

Alterations in activin A-myostatin-follistatin system associate with disease activity in inflammatory myopathies.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the systemic and skeletal muscle levels of atrophy-associated myokines in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) and their association with clinical characteristics of myositis.

Methods: A total of 94 IIM patients and 162 healthy controls were recruited. Of those, 20 IIM patients and 28 healthy controls underwent a muscle biopsy.

Interaction of the p.Q141K Variant of the Gene with Clinical Data and Cytokine Levels in Primary Hyperuricemia and Gout.

Gout is an inflammatory arthritis influenced by environmental risk factors and genetic variants. The common dysfunctional p.Q141K allele of the gene affects gout development.