Common bunt in organic wheat: unravelling infection characteristics relevant for resistance breeding.

Common bunt caused by and has re-emerged as a major threat to wheat yield and quality, especially in organic farming. Resistance against its causal agents is present in the wheat gene pool and provides the most economically efficient and sustainable way to combat the disease since seed treatments approved for organic farming are rare and do not always provide full protection. We tested a winter wheat diversity panel with 128 lines for common bunt resistance in Austria and Czechia, and evaluated the applicability of marker-assisted selection (MAS) via Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR markers in genotypes with high variation in their genetic background.

The Use of Real-Time PCR for the Pathogen Quantification in Breeding Winter Wheat Varieties Resistant to Eyespot.

The reaction of twenty-five winter wheat cultivars frequently grown in the Czech Republic to inoculation with and was evaluated in small plot trials from 2019 to 2021. The eyespot infection assessment was carried out visually using symptoms on stem bases and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The cultivars were also tested for the presence of the resistance gene using the STS marker .

Stress-induced memory alters growth of clonal offspring of white clover (Trifolium repens).

Premise Of The Study: The phenotype of an individual can be modified by the environment experienced by its predecessors, a phenomenon called transgenerational or maternal effects. These effects are studied mostly across sexual generations and are thought to be mediated also by epigenetic variation. However, we do not know how important transgenerational effects are across asexual generations of clonal plants.