Ultrasound Versus Computed Tomography for Diaphragmatic Thickness and Skeletal Muscle Index during Mechanical Ventilation.

Diaphragmatic alterations occurring during mechanical ventilation (MV) can be monitored using ultrasound (US). The performance of computed tomography (CT) to evaluate diaphragmatic thickness is limited. Further, the association between muscle mass and outcome is increasingly recognized.

Safe ECMO femoral decannulation by placement of inferior vena cava filter via internal jugular vein.

Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a lifesaving treatment in patients with cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest caused by massive pulmonary embolism. In these patients, positioning an inferior vena cava filter is often advisable, especially if deep venous thrombosis is not resolved at the time of the ECMO suspension. Moreover, in ECMO patients, a high incidence of deep venous thrombosis at the site of venous cannulation has been reported, and massive pulmonary embolism following ECMO decannulation has been described.

Emergence delirium in children: a comparison of sevoflurane and desflurane anesthesia using the Paediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium scale.

Objectives/aim: This randomized control trial was designed to evaluate the incidence of emergence delirium (ED) in preschool children receiving sevoflurane or desflurane anesthesia combined with an effective caudal block.

Background: While ED has been described in children receiving sevoflurane or desflurane anesthesia, a direct comparison between the two agents using a validated ED assessment tool has not been reported previously.

Methods/materials: Two hundred and sixty preschool children scheduled for elective sub-umbilical surgery were randomized to receive sevoflurane or desflurane anesthesia combined with a caudal block.