Design and Assembly of Multilevel Transcriptional and Translational Regulators for Stringent Control of Gene Expression.

Precise control of gene expression is crucial when reprogramming the behavior of living cells. However, common inducible systems often lack the ability to stringently control gene expression due to the use of a single type of regulator that can be susceptible to unavoidable biomolecular fluctuations. In contrast, multilevel controllers (MLCs) employ several forms of regulation simultaneously to overcome this issue, ensuring a reduced basal expression while minimally affecting the maximum induced expression level that can be achieved.

Harnessing the central dogma for stringent multi-level control of gene expression.

Strictly controlled inducible gene expression is crucial when engineering biological systems where even tiny amounts of a protein have a large impact on function or host cell viability. In these cases, leaky protein production must be avoided, but without affecting the achievable range of expression. Here, we demonstrate how the central dogma offers a simple solution to this challenge.

Referrers' use and views of specialist mental health services for deaf children and young people in England.

Background: Deaf children are at greater risk of mental health problems than hearing children. Generic child and adolescent mental health services cannot be expected to have the expertise to work with these children. Three teams in England currently provide specialist mental health services to deaf children.

Key worker services for disabled children: the views of staff.

Provision of 'key workers' for disabled children and their families, working across health, education, and social services, has been recommended in the Children's National Service Framework. This study investigated the views of staff of key worker services concerning the organisation and management of the services. Interviews were carried out with key workers (N=50), managers (N=7) and members of multi-agency steering groups (N=32) from seven key worker services in England and Wales.

Health promotion for survivors of childhood cancer: a minimal intervention.

We report the evaluation of an information booklet aimed to explain the purpose of follow-up to survivors of childhood cancer. Evaluations drew on theoretical concepts in the elaboration likelihood and stages of change models. We predicted that survivors who adopt central rather than peripheral processing would show greater understanding and increased readiness to change health behaviour.

Surviving childhood cancer: quality of life and parental regulatory focus.

Applying Regulatory Focus Theory (RFT), the authors predicted that among survivors of childhood cancer, quality of life (QOL) may be compromised by prevention-focused parenting characterized by an overly protective concern with possible mishaps and illness recurrence rather than promotion-focused parenting encouraging expectations of recovery and a normal life. Interviews with parents of 64 survivors (M age = 13.83 years) of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or central nervous system (CNS) tumors were coded for reports of promotion or prevention-oriented parenting and positive and negative expectancies.

Parenting a child with cancer: promotion and prevention-focused parenting.

Applying regulatory focus theory (RFT), it was predicted that, among survivors of childhood cancer, quality of life (QoL) may be compromised by prevention-focused parenting (the focus on avoiding negative outcomes), rather than promotion-focused parenting (the focus on approaching positive outcomes). Interviews with mothers of survivors of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) and tumours of the Central Nervous System (CNS) were coded for reports of parenting and related to child QoL. Parents reported overall more promotion than prevention; however, mothers of children with tumours of the CNS reported more prevention-focus than mothers of children with ALL.