Altered methionine metabolism impacts phenylpropanoid production and plant development in .

Unlabelled: Phenylpropanoids are specialized metabolites derived from phenylalanine. Glucosinolates are defense compounds derived mainly from methionine and tryptophan in Arabidopsis. It was previously shown that the phenylpropanoid pathway and glucosinolate production are metabolically linked.

Altered methionine metabolism impacts phenylpropanoid production and plant development in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Phenylpropanoids are specialized metabolites derived from phenylalanine. Glucosinolates are defense compounds derived mainly from methionine and tryptophan in Arabidopsis. It was previously shown that the phenylpropanoid pathway and glucosinolate production are metabolically linked.

Occurrence, Function, and Biosynthesis of the Natural Auxin Phenylacetic Acid (PAA) in Plants.

Auxins are a class of plant hormones playing crucial roles in a plant's growth, development, and stress responses. Phenylacetic acid (PAA) is a phenylalanine-derived natural auxin found widely in plants. Although the auxin activity of PAA in plants was identified several decades ago, PAA homeostasis and its function remain poorly understood, whereas indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the most potent auxin, has been used for most auxin studies.

Metabolic link between auxin production and specialized metabolites in Sorghum bicolor.

Aldoximes are amino acid derivatives that serve as intermediates for numerous specialized metabolites including cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, and auxins. Aldoxime formation is mainly catalyzed by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases of the 79 family (CYP79s) that can have broad or narrow substrate specificity. Except for SbCYP79A1, aldoxime biosynthetic enzymes in the cereal sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) have not been characterized.

Metabolite analysis of Arabidopsis overexpression lines reveals turnover of benzyl glucosinolate and an additive effect of different aldoximes on phenylpropanoid repression.

Indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) and phenylacetaldoxime (PAOx) are precursors for the growth hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and phenylacetic acid (PAA) and the defense compounds glucosinolates in Brassicales. Our recent work has shown that Arabidopsis transgenic lines overexpressing AtCYP79A2, a PAOx-production enzyme, accumulate the PAOx-derived compounds benzyl glucosinolate and PAA. Here we report that they also accumulate the benzyl glucosinolate hydrolysis products benzyl isothiocyanate and benzyl cyanide, which indicates that the turnover of benzyl glucosinolate can occur in intact tissues.

Aldoximes are precursors of auxins in Arabidopsis and maize.

Two natural auxins, phenylacetic acid (PAA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), play crucial roles in plant growth and development. One route of IAA biosynthesis uses the glucosinolate intermediate indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) as a precursor, which is thought to occur only in glucosinolate-producing plants in Brassicales. A recent study showed that overproducing phenylacetaldoxime (PAOx) in Arabidopsis increases PAA production.