A Warp-Knitted Light-Emitting Fabric-Based Device for In Vitro Photodynamic Therapy: Description, Characterization, and Application on Human Cancer Cell Lines.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) appears to be a promising strategy in biomedical applications. However, the complexity of its parameters prevents wide acceptance. This work presents and characterizes a novel optical device based on knitted light-emitting fabrics and dedicated to in vitro PDT involving low irradiance over a long illumination period.

Standardized intraoperative 5-ALA photodynamic therapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients: a preliminary analysis of the INDYGO clinical trial.

Purpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant primary brain tumor. The unfavorable prognosis despite maximal therapy relates to high propensity for recurrence. Thus, overall survival (OS) is quite limited and local failure remains the fundamental problem.

Biologically effective dose and prediction of obliteration of unruptured arteriovenous malformations treated by upfront Gamma Knife radiosurgery: a series of 149 consecutive cases.

Objective: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) present no pathologic tissue, and radiation dose is confined in a clear targeted volume. The authors retrospectively evaluated the role of the biologically effective dose (BED) after Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for brain AVMs.

Methods: A total of 149 consecutive cases of unruptured AVMs treated by upfront GKRS in Lille University Hospital, France, were included.

Multimodal imaging in radiotherapy: Focus on adaptive therapy and quality control.

Improved computer resources in radiation oncology department have greatly facilitated the integration of multimodal imaging into the workflow of radiation therapy. Nowadays, physicians have highly informative imaging modalities of the anatomical region to be treated. These images contribute to the targeting accuracy with the current treatment device, impacting both segmentation or patient's positioning.

Evaluation and validation of the convolution algorithm for Leksell Gamma knife radiosurgery.

The new Leksell Gamma knife convolution algorithm requires evaluation prior to implementation in clinical practice. The superiority of this algorithm, which takes into account tissue electron densities, was evaluated using EBT3 GafChromic films within an anthropomorphic phantom. The CIRS anthropomorphic head phantom was chosen for its relevance to validate the convolution algorithm.

Management of Patients with Renal Failure Undergoing Dialysis During I Therapy for Thyroid Cancer.

Radioactive iodine (I) therapy may be used to treat thyroid cancer in end-stage renal disease patients who undergo hemodialysis. Because iodine uses predominantly renal clearance, treatment management in hemodialysis patients may be problematic, and no formal recommendations on hemodialysis currently exist. This work details our experience with treating thyroid cancer with iodine in chronic renal failure patients who require hemodialysis and details the dosimetry results obtained during treatment to ensure that the dose to the bone marrow (BM) was acceptable.

A study on the efficacy of AFO stiffness prescriptions.

Purpose: Ankle foot orthosis (AFO) stiffness is a key characteristic that determines how much support or restraint an AFO can provide. Thus, the goal of the current study is twofold: (1) to quantify AFO prescriptions for a group of patients; (2) to evaluate what impact these AFO have on the push-off phase.

Method: Six patients were included in the study.

Superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis patency correlates with cerebrovascular reserve in adult moyamoya syndrome patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass in improving cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) in Moyamoya syndrome.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study included 10 consecutive patients treated for Moyamoya syndrome by STA-MCA bypass in our institution between June 2016 and January 2018. Perfusion MRI, transcranial Doppler and 99m Tc-HMPAO SPECT with acetazolamide challenge were performed before and after treatment to evaluate perfusion and cerebrovascular reserve.

Protective STA-MCA bypass to prevent brain ischemia during high-flow bypass surgery: case series of 10 patients.

Background: High-flow extracranial-intracranial bypass is associated with a significant risk of ischemic stroke. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of STA-MCA bypass preceding a high-flow bypass as a means of protecting the brain from ischemia during the high-flow bypass anastomosis in patients with otherwise untreatable aneurysms.

Materials And Method: This prospective study included 10 consecutive patients treated for complex/giant aneurysm using a previous combined STA-MCA bypass and high-flow EC-IC bypass between June 2016 and January 2018 when classical endovascular or microsurgical exclusion was estimated too risky.

Parallelized Monte-Carlo dosimetry using graphics processing units to model cylindrical diffusers used in photodynamic therapy: From implementation to validation.

The Monte-Carlo method is the standard method for computing the dosimetry of both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Because this technique is highly time-consuming in conventional implementations, several improvements have recently been developed to speed-up simulations. Among the improvements, the use of graphics processing units (GPU) to parallelize algorithms provides a cost-efficient solution to accelerate the Monte-Carlo method.

A validated computational framework to evaluate the stiffness of 3D printed ankle foot orthoses.

The purpose of this study was to create and validate a standardized framework for the evaluation of the ankle stiffness of two designs of 3D printed ankle foot orthoses (AFOs). The creation of four finite element (FE) models allowed patient-specific quantification of the stiffness and stress distribution over their specific range of motion during the second rocker of the gait. Validation was performed by comparing the model outputs with the results obtained from a dedicated experimental setup, which showed an overall good agreement with a maximum relative error of 10.

Comparison of different treatment schemes in 5-ALA interstitial photodynamic therapy for high-grade glioma in a preclinical model: An MRI study.

Background: There is currently no therapy that prevents high-grade glioma recurrence. Thus, these primary brain tumors have unfavorable outcomes. Recently, 5-ALA photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been proposed to delay relapse and is highly expected to have potential synergistic effects with the current standard of care.

A novel experimental setup for evaluating the stiffness of ankle foot orthoses.

Objective: The purpose of this study was the construction of a new semi-automated experimental setup for the evaluation of the stiffness of ankle foot orthoses (AFOs) around an axis aligned to the anatomical ankle joint during the second rocker of the gait. The setup, developed in close collaboration with the orthopedic device company V!GO NV (Wetteren, Belgium), allows measurement of plantarflexion and dorsiflexion in the sagittal plane for a maximal range of motion of 50° (- 25° plantarflexion up to 25° dorsiflexion) in a non-destructive way.

Results: The mechanical properties of four 3D printed AFOs are investigated, based on the ranges of motion derived from the gait assessment of the patients when they walked with their AFO.

Using X-rays in photodynamic therapy: an overview.

Photodynamic therapy is a therapeutic option to treat cancer and other diseases. PDT is used every day in dermatology, and recent developments in the treatment of glioblastoma, mesothelioma or prostate have demonstrated the efficacy of this modality. In order to improve the efficacy of PDT, different strategies are under development, such as the use of targeted PS or nanoparticles to improve selectivity and the design of light devices to better monitor the light dose.

MRI assessment of treatment delivery for interstitial photodynamic therapy of high-grade glioma in a preclinical model.

Background: High-grade gliomas are primary brain tumors that have shown increasing incidence and unfavorable outcomes. Local control is crucial to the management of this pathology. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), based on the light-induced activation of a photosensitizer (PS), achieves local treatment by inducing selective lesions in tumor tissue.

A novel device for intraoperative photodynamic therapy dedicated to glioblastoma treatment.

Aim: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) appears to be a valuable new treatment modality for cancer therapy. Studies have reported successful application of PDT for glioblastoma. Here, we introduce a new device dedicated to intraoperative PDT delivered early after fluoro-guided resection combined with a transfer function that determines the treatment time based on the size of the surgical resection cavity.

Photodynamic therapy for glioblastoma: A preliminary approach for practical application of light propagation models.

Purpose: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment modality to be added in the management of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Light distribution modeling is required for planning and optimizing PDT. Several models have been developed to predict the light propagation inside biological tissues.

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia treated by Gamma Knife radiosurgery: safety and efficacy through long-term follow-up.

OBJECTIVE Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) is a rare and disabling condition. Just as for trigeminal neuralgia, Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is increasingly proposed as a therapeutic option for GPN. The purpose of this study was to assess long-term safety and efficacy of GKRS for this indication.

Nuclear medicine for photodynamic therapy in cancer: Planning, monitoring and nuclear PDT.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a modality with promising results for the treatment of various cancers. PDT is increasingly included in the standard of care for different pathologies. This therapy relies on the effects of light delivered to photosensitized cells.

Phase II Study of a Radiotherapy Total Dose Increase in Hypoxic Lesions Identified by F-Misonidazole PET/CT in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (RTEP5 Study).

See an invited perspective on this article on page 1043.This multicenter phase II study investigated a selective radiotherapy dose increase to tumor areas with significant F-misonidazole (F-FMISO) uptake in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Eligible patients had locally advanced NSCLC and no contraindication to concomitant chemoradiotherapy.

Interstitial photodynamic therapy and glioblastoma: Light fractionation in a preclinical model.

Background: Glioblastoma is a high-grade cerebral tumor with local recurrence and poor outcome. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a localized treatment based on the light activation of a photosensitizer (PS) in the presence of oxygen, which results in the formation of cytotoxic species. The delivery of fractionated light may enhance treatment efficacy by reoxygenating tissues.