[Night sweats, a common symptom].

Night sweats are a common symptom. There is a lack of a uniform definition and a diagnostic guideline. In this article we propose a structural analysis for all levels of healthcare.

Management of drug-drug interactions of targeted therapies for haematological malignancies and triazole antifungal drugs.

Over the past 10 years, the number of targeted therapies for haematological malignancies has substantially increased, and many new drugs have entered the market. Many of these therapies have shown improved disease-free survival and reduced toxicity compared with existing treatments, especially in older patients. However, most of these new drugs undergo extensive hepatic metabolism and exhibit moderate to severe drug-drug interactions with triazole antifungal agents, which are essential for the prophylaxis and long-term treatment of invasive fungal infections.

Eight-week exercise training in humans with obesity: Marked improvements in insulin sensitivity and modest changes in gut microbiome.

Objective: Obesity is associated with impaired gut microbiota diversity, which has been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes. This study aims to examine the effects of an 8-week aerobic exercise intervention on insulin sensitivity, visceral adiposity, and gut microbiota diversity and composition in participants with obesity.

Methods: Fourteen participants (mean [SD], age 51 [11] years; BMI 34.

Favorable Anakinra Responses in Severe Covid-19 Patients with Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Dysregulation of inflammation is hypothesized to play a crucial role in the severe complications of COVID-19, with the IL-1/IL-6 pathway being central. Here, we report on the treatment of eight severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients-seven hospitalized in intensive care units (ICUs) in Greece and one non-ICU patient in the Netherlands-with the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist Anakinra. All patients scored positive for the hemophagocytosis score (HScore) and were diagnosed with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis (sHLH) characterized by pancytopenia, hyper-coagulation, acute kidney injury, and hepatobiliary dysfunction.

[Medicines: what has the last decade given us and what can we expect in the coming 10 years?].

Recent years have seen important changes in pharmacology. New techniques have been developed which are increasingly aimed at smaller groups of patients or even individual patients. In the past, thousands of chemical molecules were tested on a potential molecular target and the most effective molecules were selected.

Cytokine responses to repeated, prolonged walking in lean versus overweight/obese individuals.

Objectives: Obesity is characterized by a pro-inflammatory state, which plays a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. An exercise bout causes a transient increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, whilst training has anti-inflammatory effects. No previous study examined whether the exercise-induced increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines is altered with repeated prolonged exercise bouts and whether this response differs between lean and overweight/obese individuals.

Improvements in fitness are not obligatory for exercise training-induced improvements in CV risk factors.

The purpose of this study was to assess whether changes in physical fitness relate to changes in cardiovascular risk factors following standardized, center-based and supervised exercise training programs in subjects with increased cardiovascular risk. We pooled data from exercise training studies of subjects with increased cardiovascular risk (n = 166) who underwent 8-52 weeks endurance training. We determined fitness (i.

Statins Affect Skeletal Muscle Performance: Evidence for Disturbances in Energy Metabolism.

Context: Statin myopathy is linked to disturbances in mitochondrial function and exercise intolerance.

Objectives: To determine whether differences exist in exercise performance, muscle function, and muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity and content between symptomatic and asymptomatic statin users, and control subjects.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

A comparison of dicarbonyl stress and advanced glycation endproducts in lifelong endurance athletes vs. sedentary controls.

Objectives: Dicarbonyl stress and high concentrations of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) relate to an elevated risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Exercise training lowers the risk for future CVD. We tested the hypothesis that lifelong endurance athletes have lower dicarbonyl stress and AGEs compared to sedentary controls and that these differences relate to a better cardiovascular health profile.

Exercise Improves Insulin Sensitivity in the Absence of Changes in Cytokines.

Purpose: The benefits of aerobic exercise training on insulin sensitivity in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) are, at least in part, associated with changes in cytokines. Recent studies identified novel cytokines (e.g.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of exercise training versus hypocaloric diet: distinct effects on body weight and visceral adipose tissue.

Exercise training ('exercise') and hypocaloric diet ('diet') are frequently prescribed for weight loss in obesity. Whilst body weight changes are commonly used to evaluate lifestyle interventions, visceral adiposity (VAT) is a more relevant and stronger predictor for morbidity and mortality. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the effects of exercise or diet on VAT (quantified by radiographic imaging).

Myopericytoma: A Series of 5 Cases Affecting the Nervous System.

Background: Myopericytomas are benign vascular tumors composed of perivascular myoid cells that usually arise in superficial soft tissues of the extremities.

Methods: We here report on 5 cases of myopericytoma, malignant myopericytoma, and glomangiopericytoma arising from subcutaneous, paraspinal, orbital, and sellar regions that secondarily involved the nervous system. Patients experienced orbital swelling, progressing neuropathic pain, dermatoma specific pain, and oculomotor paresis.

Elevation in blood flow and shear rate prevents hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction in healthy subjects and those with type 2 diabetes.

Hyperglycemia, commonly present after a meal, causes transient impairment in endothelial function. We examined whether increases in blood flow (BF) protect against the hyperglycemia-mediated decrease in endothelial function in healthy subjects and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Ten healthy subjects and 10 age- and sex-matched patients with T2DM underwent simultaneous bilateral assessment of brachial artery endothelial function by means of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using high-resolution echo-Doppler.

Entering a new era of body indices: the feasibility of a body shape index and body roundness index to identify cardiovascular health status.

Background: The Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC) are well-used anthropometric predictors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but their validity is regularly questioned. Recently, A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and Body Roundness Index (BRI) were introduced as alternative anthropometric indices that may better reflect health status.

Objective: This study assessed the capacity of ABSI and BRI in identifying cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular disease risk factors and determined whether they are superior to BMI and WC.

Physical fitness can partly explain the metabolically healthy obese phenotype in women.

To investigate whether physical fitness and/or fat distribution and inflammation profile may explain why approximately 30% of the women with obesity are protected against obesity-related disorders.10 metabolically healthy obese women and 10 age- and weight-matched women with the metabolic syndrome were enrolled. Physical fitness (VO2max), daily physical activity levels (METs, steps per day), insulin sensitivity (clamp), body fat distribution (DXA scan) and, inflammation markers and adipokines were determined.

Within-subject correlations between evening-related changes in body temperature and melatonin in the spinal cord injured.

Background: Individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI) demonstrate altered circadian variation in thermoregulatory control. Recently, we reported that tetraplegia is associated with a blunted release of melatonin in the evening. In order to examine whether this finding relates to circadian thermoregulation, we compared the correlations between evening changes in melatonin, core and skin temperature between thoracic and cervical SCI and able-bodied participants.

Incidence and predictors of phantom shocks in implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipients.

Background: Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are designed to deliver shocks or antitachycardia pacing (ATP) in the event of ventricular arrhythmias. During follow-up, some ICD recipients experience the sensation of ICD discharge in the absence of an actual discharge (phantom shock). The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and predictors of phantom shocks in ICD recipients.

Impact of physical fitness and daily energy expenditure on sleep efficiency in young and older humans.

Background: Physical activity is known to influence sleep efficiency. Relatively little is known about the relationship between physical activity and sleep efficiency in young and older humans and the impact of exercise training on sleep efficiency in healthy older individuals.

Objectives: To determine the relationship between physical fitness and daily energy expenditure with sleep efficiency in young and older subjects, and assess the effect of 12-month exercise training on sleep efficiency in healthy older participants.

Complete absence of evening melatonin increase in tetraplegics.

Individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI), especially with tetraplegia, experience poor sleep quality, and this may be related to impaired control of circadian rhythmicity. Here, we examined the evening onset of melatonin secretion, an important hormone for the initiation of sleep, in people with a complete cervical (tetraplegia) and thoracic (paraplegia) SCI, and age- and sex-matched able-bodied control participants. Multiple samples of salivary melatonin were obtained during the evening hours and analyzed by ELISA methods in 10 control partcipants, 9 individuals with paraplegia, and 6 individuals with tetraplegia.

[Reconstruction of the anterior wall of frontal sinus with biopolymers].

The two biopolymers Ethisorb and its modification Ethisorb Rapid were implanted in 80 defects of the anterior wall of frontal sinus in 20 Goettingen minipigs to analyze density of trabecula (Mann-Whtiney-Rank-Sum-Test), degradation of biopolymers and histomorphology. To optimate bone regeneration, particular resorbable membranes and autogenic spongiosa chips were used. The animals were killed after six, 12, 26 and 52 weeks and then postoperative undecalcified bone cuts were obtained.

[Histological comparison of different biopolymers in osseous defects].

The goal of this animal study in Goettingen minipigs was to compare Ethisorb with its modification Ethisorb Rapid where the hydrolytic degradation process has started, with respect to degradation and bony substitution qualitites. For comparison, both biopolymers were implanted with and without addition of autogenic spongiosa chips in comparison with blank defects in metaphysis of the tibia. The animals were killed after six, 12, 26 and 52 weeks.

Spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage: a little-known complication of intracranial tumor surgery. Case report.

Nontraumatic adrenal hemorrhage in adults is uncommon and unexpected in the context of intracranial surgery. The authors report on a patient in whom hemodynamically relevant retroperitoneal bleeding developed within hours after an otherwise uneventful operation for a falcine meningioma. In this brief report they seek to draw attention to this rare but life-threatening complication, because rapid diagnosis can be life-saving.

Time-sparing and effective procedure for dural closure in the posterior fossa using a vicryl mesh (Ethisorb).

Introduction: Dural defects and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are a common problem following posterior fossa surgery. The management includes either nonoperative management (e.g.