Context matters: How to research vaccine attitudes and uptake after the COVID-19 crisis.

The pandemic dramatically accelerated research on vaccine attitudes and uptake, a field which mobilizes researchers from the social sciences and humanities as well as biomedical and public health disciplines. The field has the potential to contribute much more, but the growth in research and the deeper connections between disciplines brings challenges as well as opportunities. This perspective article assesses the recent development of the field, exploring progress whilst emphasizing that not enough attention has been paid to national and local contexts.

Validation of urine p-cresol glucuronide as renal cell carcinoma non-invasive biomarker.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) stands among the most lethal urological malignancies. Most RCCs are incidentally diagnosed as initial symptoms are unspecific. Novel, minimally-invasive diagnostic and prognostic methods for RCC are needed, ideally in urine.

Dissatisfaction with working conditions associated with lower vaccine confidence, commitment and behaviors among nurses: A large scale cross-sectional survey in France.

Background: Before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic, doctor shortages led many countries to expand nurses' role in their mass vaccination programs. Nonetheless, nurses often express marked vaccine hesitancy. Simultaneously, their working conditions have been deteriorating.

Association of the belief in conspiracy narratives with vaccination status and recommendation behaviours of German physicians.

Vaccine hesitancy has been identified as one of the top ten threats to global health by the World Health Organization (WHO). The belief in conspiracy narratives is repeatedly discussed as a major driver of vaccine hesitancy among the general population. However, there is a lack of research investigating the role of the belief in conspiracy narratives in vaccination decisions and recommendation behaviours of physicians.

How general practitioners in France are coping with increased healthcare demand and physician shortages. A panel data survey and hierarchical clustering.

Background: General practitioners (GPs) face quantitative and qualitative changes in patient demand and doctor shortages.

Objectives: To investigate how GPs cope with doctor shortage issues.

Materials And Methods: Two cross-sectional surveys of a representative panel of 1530 GPs in 2019 and 2022 about their perceptions of physician shortages, working hours worked (WHW), and adaptive behaviors.

Dysregulated neutrophil extracellular traps and haemostatic biomarkers as diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets in periprosthetic joint infection.

Aims: Bacterial infection activates neutrophils to release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in bacterial biofilms of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the increase in NET activation and release (NETosis) and haemostasis markers in the plasma of patients with PJI, to evaluate whether such plasma induces the activation of neutrophils, to ascertain whether increased NETosis is also mediated by reduced DNaseI activity, to explore novel therapeutic interventions for NETosis in PJI in vitro, and to evaluate the potential diagnostic use of these markers.

Methods: We prospectively recruited 107 patients in the preoperative period of prosthetic surgery, 71 with a suspicion of PJI and 36 who underwent arthroplasty for non-septic indications as controls, and obtained citrated plasma.

Healthcare professionals' perceptions of challenges in vaccine communication and training needs: a qualitative study.

Background: Healthcare professionals (HCPs) can play an important role in encouraging patients and their caregivers to be vaccinated. The objective of this qualitative study was to investigate HCPs' perspectives on challenges in vaccine communication and unmet training needs in this domain.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 41 HCPs (mainly nurses and physicians) with vaccination roles (23 in England; 18 in France), gathering information on: (1) HCPs' approach to vaccine conversations with patients; (2) Challenges of communicating about vaccines; (3) Vaccine-related training and learning resources available to HCPs, and; (4) HCPs' training needs around vaccine communication.

Sexual and preventive behaviors associated with HAV, HBV, and HPV vaccine hesitancy among men who have sex with men in France.

Vaccination coverage against hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human papillomaviruses (HPV) is insufficient among men who have sex with men (MSM), partly because of their high prevalence of vaccine hesitancy (VH) specific to these vaccines. This study aimed to investigate determinants of specific VH in MSM, focusing on characteristics of their sexual activity, propensity to use prevention tools and medical care, disclosure of sexual orientation to health care professionals (HCPs), and perceived stigmatization. A cross-sectional electronic survey (February - August 2022) collected perceptions of HBV, HAV, and HPV, and of their respective vaccines among 3,730 French MSM and enabled the construction of a specific VH variable.

Dealing with the doctor shortage: a qualitative study exploring French general practitioners' lived experiences, difficulties, and adaptive behaviours.

Context: The shortage of general practitioners (GPs) is a growing concern in Europe, especially in France. This problem is likely to continue until the end of the 2020s.

Objectives: To study the GPs' perceptions of access to care in medically underserved areas (i.

Social Stigma and COVID-19 Vaccine Refusal in France.

Context: In 2021, French health authorities strongly promoted vaccination against COVID-19. The authors assumed that refusing this vaccine became a stigma, and they investigated potential public stigma toward unvaccinated people among the French population.

Methods: A representative sample of the French adult population (N = 2,015) completed an online questionnaire in September 2021.

Gradient of vaccine hesitancy among French men having sex with men: An electronic cross-sectional survey in 2022.

In developed countries, vaccinations against hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis A (HAV), and human papillomavirus (HPV) are often recommended to men who have sex with men (MSM) because of the risky sexual practices in which some engage. Vaccine coverage against these diseases is not optimal in France, probably due in part to vaccine hesitancy (VH). The overall aim of this survey among MSM was to estimate the prevalence of different grades of VH for these vaccines as well as of general VH (toward any vaccine).

Screening for alcohol use in primary care: assessing French general practitioner practices.

Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for premature death and disability. To tackle this issue, more systematic and accurate screening for at-risk consumption is needed in healthcare systems, especially by general practitioners (GPs). We assessed the frequency of at-risk consumption screening by GPs in France.

Motivational interview-based health mediator interventions increase intent to vaccinate among disadvantaged individuals.

Coverage for recommended COVID-19 and diphtheria-tetanus-poliomyelitis (DTP) booster shots is often inadequate, especially among disadvantaged populations. To help health mediators (HMs) involved in outreach programs deal with the problems of vaccine hesitancy (VH) in these groups, we trained them in motivational interviewing (MI). We evaluated the effectiveness of this training among HMs on their MI knowledge and skills (objective 1) and among the interviewees on their vaccination readiness (VR) and intention to get vaccinated or accept a booster against COVID-19 and/or DTP (objective 2).

A postpartum intervention for vaccination promotion by midwives using motivational interviews reduces mothers' vaccine hesitancy, south-eastern France, 2021 to 2022: a randomised controlled trial.

BackgroundDespite childhood vaccine mandates imposed in 2018 in France, parental vaccine hesitancy (VH) remains frequent. Interventions in Quebec, Canada, applying motivational interviewing (MI) techniques have successfully reduced parents' VH for childhood immunisations.AimTo determine whether MI intervention for mothers in maternity wards in the days after birth in France could significantly reduce VH, increase intentions to vaccinate (VI) their child at 2 months and reduce VH social inequalities.

Healthcare professionals' attitudes to mandatory COVID-19 vaccination: Cross-sectional survey data from four European countries.

Mandatory vaccinations are widely debated since they restrict individuals' autonomy in their health decisions. As healthcare professionals (HCPs) are a common target group of vaccine mandates, and also form a link between vaccination policies and the public, understanding their attitudes toward vaccine mandates is important. The present study investigated physicians' attitudes to COVID-19 vaccine mandates in four European countries: Finland, France, Germany, and Portugal.

Endorsement of alternative medicine and vaccine hesitancy among physicians: A cross-sectional study in four European countries.

Vaccine hesitancy has become a threat to public health, especially as it is a phenomenon that has also been observed among healthcare professionals. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between endorsement of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and vaccination attitudes and behaviors among healthcare professionals, using a cross-sectional sample of physicians with vaccination responsibilities from four European countries: Germany, Finland, Portugal, and France (total  = 2,787). Our results suggest that, in all the participating countries, CAM endorsement is associated with lower frequency of vaccine recommendation, lower self-vaccination rates, and being more open to patients delaying vaccination, with these relationships being mediated by distrust in vaccines.

International adaptation and validation of the Pro-VC-Be: measuring the psychosocial determinants of vaccine confidence in healthcare professionals in European countries.

Background: Healthcare professionals (HCPs) play an important role in vaccination; those with low confidence in vaccines are less likely to recommend them to their patients and to be vaccinated themselves. The study's purpose was to adapt and validate long- and short-form versions of the International Professionals' Vaccine Confidence and Behaviors (I-Pro-VC-Be) questionnaire to measure psychosocial determinants of HCPs' vaccine confidence and their associations with vaccination behaviors in European countries.

Research Design And Methods: After the original French-language Pro-VC-Be was culturally adapted and translated, HCPs involved in vaccination (mainly GPs and pediatricians) across Germany, Finland, France, and Portugal completed a cross-sectional online survey in 2022.

Exploring the feelings of being at risk of vaccine related adverse effects: A cross-sectional survey in France.

Objectives: The literature on vaccine hesitancy has widely commented on the various factors leading some to feel particularly at risk of disease infection while others do not. But little attention has been paid to whether we also see such differences regarding people's assessment of their personal vulnerability towards vaccine adverse events (AEs).

Methods: We designed two cross-sectional online surveys among representative samples of the French mainland population (n = 2015 and 3087).

Vaccine hesitancy about the HPV vaccine among French young women and their parents: a telephone survey.

Background: The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine reduces the burden of cervical and other cancers. In numerous countries, a slow uptakeof this vaccine persists, calling for a better understanding of the structural factors leading to vaccine acceptation. We aimed to assess the attitudes toward HPV vaccination among its intended public to explore its specific characteristics.

Motivational interview training improves self-efficacy of GP interns in vaccination consultations: A study using the Pro-VC-Be to measure vaccine confidence determinants.

Immunization-specific motivational interviewing (MI), a patient-centered communication style used to encourage internal motivation for attitudinal and behavioral change, can provide healthcare professionals (HCPs) with the skills and practice required to respond to patients' doubts and concerns related to vaccines. We sought to assess the impact of an MI-training of General Practitioner (GP) interns on the psychosocial determinants of their vaccine confidence and behaviors. French GP interns participated in a virtual three-day MI-workshop in southeastern France.

Assessment of training of general practice interns in motivational interviews about vaccination.

The effectiveness of motivational interviewing (MI) for reducing vaccine hesitancy (VH) has been demonstrated in Quebec. We conducted a study to evaluate the acquisition of MI skills after MI training via videoconferencing for interns training as general practitioners (GPs) in southeastern France. A vaccination-specific MI training workshop was offered to interns in 2021, consisting of two separate Zoom videoconference sessions.

A call for immediate action to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake to prepare for the third pandemic winter.

This Comment piece summarises current challenges regarding routine vaccine uptake in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and provides recommendations on how to increase uptake. To implement these recommendations, the article points to evidence-based resources that can support health-care workers, policy makers and communicators.

When the patient is making the (wrong?) diagnosis: a biographical approach to patients consulting for presumed Lyme disease.

Background: Media coverage of Lyme disease (LD) has led to an increase in consultations for presumed LD in Europe. However, LD is confirmed in only 10%-20% of patients, with a significant number remaining in a diagnostic dead-end.

Objectives: To reach a deeper understanding of how patients themselves contribute to the diagnostic process.