Automatic detection and classification of beluga whale calls in the St. Lawrence estuary.

The endangered beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) of the St. Lawrence Estuary (SLEB) faces threats from a variety of anthropogenic factors. Since belugas are a highly social and vocal species, passive acoustic monitoring has the potential to deliver, in a non-invasive and continuous way, real-time information on SLEB spatiotemporal habitat use, which is crucial for their monitoring and conservation.

Associations of alcohol and tobacco use with psychotic, depressive and developmental disorders revealed via multimodal neuroimaging.

People affected by psychotic, depressive and developmental disorders are at a higher risk for alcohol and tobacco use. However, the further associations between alcohol/tobacco use and symptoms/cognition in these disorders remain unexplored. We identified multimodal brain networks involving alcohol use (n = 707) and tobacco use (n = 281) via supervised multimodal fusion and evaluated if these networks affected symptoms and cognition in people with psychotic (schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder/bipolar, n = 178/134/143), depressive (major depressive disorder, n = 260) and developmental (autism spectrum disorder/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, n = 421/346) disorders.

Brain dynamics reflecting an intra-network brain state is associated with increased posttraumatic stress symptoms in the early aftermath of trauma.

This study examines the association between brain dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) and current/future posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptom severity, and the impact of sex on this relationship. By analyzing 275 participants' dFNC data obtained ~2 weeks after trauma exposure, we noted that brain dynamics of an inter-network brain state link negatively with current (r=-0.179, = 0.

Natural-history Characterization of a Murine Partial-body Irradiation Model System: Establishment of a Multiple-Parameter Based GI-ARS Severity-Scoring System.

The purpose of this investigation was to characterize the natural history of a murine total-abdominal-irradiation exposure model to measure gastrointestinal acute radiation injury. Male CD2F1 mice at 12 to 15 weeks old received total-abdominal irradiation using 4-MV linear accelerator X-rays doses of 0, 11, 13.5, 15, 15.

MARKOV SPATIAL FLOWS IN BOLD FMRI: A NOVEL LENS ON THE BOLD SIGNAL REVEALS ATTRACTING PATTERNS OF SIGNAL INTENSITY.

While the analysis of temporal signal fluctuations and co-fluctuations has long been a fixture of blood oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research, the role and implications of spatial propagation within the 4D neurovascular BOLD signal has been almost entirely neglected. As part of a larger research program aimed at capturing and analyzing spatially propagative dynamics in BOLD fMRI, we report here a method that exposes large-scale functional attractors of spatial flows formulated as Markov processes defined at the voxel level. The brainwide stationary distributions of these voxel-level Markov processes represent patterns of signal accumulation toward which we find evidence that the brain exerts a probabilistic propagative undertow.

Dynamic phase-locking states and personality in sub-acute mild traumatic brain injury: An exploratory study.

Research has shown that maladaptive personality characteristics, such as Neuroticism, are associated with poor outcome after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The current exploratory study investigated the neural underpinnings of this process using dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) analyses of resting-state (rs) fMRI, and diffusion MRI (dMRI). Twenty-seven mTBI patients and 21 healthy controls (HC) were included.

Real-world practices of hormone monitoring during ovarian stimulation in assisted reproductive technology: a global online survey.

Objective: The aim of this study is to understand the global practice of routine hormonal monitoring (HM) during ovarian stimulation (OS) in the context of assisted reproductive technique (ART) treatment.

Methods: An open-access questionnaire was available to 3,845 members of IVF-Worldwide.com from September 8 to October 13, 2021.

Hyperlocal Spatial Flows in BOLD fMRI Expose Novel Brain-Based Correlates of Schizophrenia.

While analysis of temporal signal fluctuations has long been a fixture of blood oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research, the role of spatially localized directional diffusion in both signal propagation and emergent large-scale functional integration remains almost entirely neglected. We are proposing an extensible framework to capture and analyze spatially localized fMRI directional signal flow dynamics. The approach is validated in a large resting-state fMRI schizophrenia study where it uncovers significant and novel relationships between hyperlocal spatial dynamics and subject diagnostic status.

[Anogenital lesions produced by Human Papillomavirus. Prevalence study in children and adolescent not vaccinated].

Unlabelled: In Chilean children and adolescents, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection prevalence is unknown. In 2014, the HPV vaccine was incorporated into the National Immunization Program for girls, and since 2019 for boys.

Objective: To determine the prevalence, genotypes, and characteristics of HPV infection in children and adolescents with anogenital lesions not vaccinated against HPV.

Effectiveness of the second COVID-19 booster against Omicron: a large-scale cohort study in Chile.

In light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, understanding the effectiveness of various booster vaccination regimens is pivotal. In Chile, using a prospective national cohort of 3.75 million individuals aged 20 or older, we evaluate the effectiveness against COVID-19-related intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and death of mRNA-based second vaccine boosters for four different three-dose background regimes: BNT162b2 primary series followed by a homologous booster, and CoronaVac primary series followed by an mRNA booster, a homologous booster, and a ChAdOx-1 booster.

Improving success rates by applying interventions in clinical practice and measuring their impact: A multicenter retrospective analysis of more than 240,000 cycles.

Background: Systematic monitoring of key performance indicators (KPI) is an important component of quality management within the IVF laboratory and, as success of assisted reproduction depends on many variables, it is important to examine how each variable can be optimized to achieve the best possible outcome for patients.

Objective: To analyze how the design of a QMS impacts homogenization, safety, and efficacy in multiple fertility centers. Study Design Multicenter, retrospective cohort study with 188,251 patients who underwent 246,988 assisted reproductive treatments at 14 private centers belonging to IVI-RMA clinics between January 2005 and December 2019.

Machine learning classification of chronic traumatic brain injury using diffusion tensor imaging and NODDI: A replication and extension study.

Individuals with acute and chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) are associated with unique white matter (WM) structural abnormalities, including fractional anisotropy (FA) differences. Our research group previously used FA as a feature in a linear support vector machine (SVM) pattern classifier, observing high classification between individuals with and without acute TBI (i.e.

Effectiveness of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in children and adolescents: a large-scale observational study.

Background: Policymakers urgently need evidence to adequately balance the costs and benefits of mass vaccination against COVID-19 across all age groups, including children and adolescents. In this study, we aim to assess the effectiveness of CoronaVac's primary series among children and adolescents in Chile.

Methods: We used a large prospective national cohort of about two million children and adolescents 6-16 years to estimate the effectiveness of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) in preventing laboratory-confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19), hospitalisation, and admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) associated with COVID-19.

The type of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine does not affect ovarian function in assisted reproduction cycle.

Objective: To assess whether vaccination or the type of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 affects ovarian function in an assisted reproduction treatment.

Design: A retrospective and observational study.

Setting: University-affiliated private in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.

[Adverse reactions to drugs used for COVID-19 in five Latin American countriesReações adversas a medicamentos utilizados para a COVID-19 em cinco países da América Latina].

Objective: Characterize and describe reports of suspected adverse reactions to a group of drugs used in Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Chile, El Salvador, Mexico, and Peru to treat or prevent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) between 1 March and 31 August 2020.

Methods: A list of the 13 drugs used to treat or prevent COVID-19 was prepared, based on official and unofficial sources. Drawing on the databases of the national pharmacovigilance programs of the participating countries, reports of suspected adverse reactions to these drugs were collected for the period from 1 March and 31 August 2020.

Multi-Site Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Classification with Machine Learning and Harmonization.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can drastically affect an individual's cognition, physical, emotional wellbeing, and behavior. Even patients with mild TBI (mTBI) may suffer from a variety of long-lasting symptoms, which motivates researchers to find better biomarkers. Machine learning algorithms have shown promising results in detecting mTBI from resting-state functional network connectivity (rsFNC) data.

Cognition, Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Repressor Methylation, and Abstinence Duration-Associated Multimodal Brain Networks in Smoking and Long-Term Smoking Cessation.

Cigarette smoking and smoking cessation are associated with changes in cognition and DNA methylation; however, the neurobiological correlates of these effects have not been fully elucidated, especially in long-term cessation. Cognitive performance, percent methylation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor () gene, and abstinence duration were used as references to supervise a multimodal fusion analysis of functional, structural, and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, in order to identify associated brain networks in smokers and ex-smokers. Correlations among these networks and with smoking-related measures were performed.

Oxidative damage in metal fragment-embedded Sprague-Dawley rat gastrocnemius muscle.

Injuries suffered in armed conflicts often result in wounds with embedded metal fragments. Standard surgical guidance has been to leave fragments in place except under certain circumstances; meaning that individuals may carry these retained fragments for their lifetime. Because of advancements in weapon design and the use of improvised explosive devices, the list of metals that could be found in a wound is extensive.

Avoiding sharp accelerations can mitigate the impacts of a Ferry's radiated noise on the St. Lawrence whales.

Exposure to anthropogenic noise from the commercial fleet is one of the primary constituents of the acoustic pollution perturbing the environment of aquatic life. Merchant ships (e.g.

Identifying Alcohol Use Disorder With Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data: A Comparison Among Machine Learning Classifiers.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a burden to society creating social and health problems. Detection of AUD and its effects on the brain are difficult to assess. This problem is enhanced by the comorbid use of other substances such as nicotine that has been present in previous studies.

Effectiveness of CoronaVac in children 3-5 years of age during the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron outbreak in Chile.

The outbreak of the B.1.1.

Multiframe Evolving Dynamic Functional Connectivity : A Method for Constructing and Investigating Functional Brain Motifs.

The study of brain network connectivity as a time-varying property began relatively recently and, to date, has remained primarily concerned with capturing a handful of discrete static states that characterize connectivity as measured on a timescale shorter than that of the full scan. Capturing group-level representations of temporally evolving patterns of connectivity is a challenging and important next step in fully leveraging the information available in large resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) studies. We introduce a flexible, extensible data-driven framework for the stable identification of group-level multiframe (movie-style) dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) states.

A resting-state fMRI pattern of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 and comparison with F-FDG PET.

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a rare genetic neurodegenerative disease. The neurobiological basis of SCA3 is still poorly understood, and up until now resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) has not been used to study this disease. In the current study we investigated (multi-echo) rs-fMRI data from patients with genetically confirmed SCA3 (n = 17) and matched healthy subjects (n = 16).

Effectiveness of homologous and heterologous booster doses for an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine: a large-scale prospective cohort study.

Background: Several countries have authorised or begun using a booster vaccine dose against COVID-19. Policy makers urgently need evidence of the effectiveness of additional vaccine doses and its clinical spectrum for individuals with complete primary immunisation schedules, particularly in countries where the primary schedule used inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Methods: Using individual-level data, we evaluated a prospective, observational, national-level cohort of individuals (aged ≥16 years) affiliated with the Fondo Nacional de Salud insurance programme in Chile, to assess the effectiveness of CoronaVac (Sinovac Biotech), AZD1222 (Oxford-AstraZeneca), or BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine boosters in individuals who had completed a primary immunisation schedule with CoronaVac, compared with unvaccinated individuals.