Dysphagia for medication in Parkinson's disease.

Dysphagia is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and is assumed to complicate medication intake. This study comprehensively investigates dysphagia for medication and its association with motor complications in PD. Based on a retrospective analysis, a two-dimensional and graduated classification of dysphagia for medication was introduced differentiating swallowing efficiency and swallowing safety.