Refined understanding of the impact of the complex diversity on the intrinsic susceptibility to pretomanid.

Unlabelled: Previous work reported unprecedented differences in the intrinsic susceptibility of the complex (MTBC) to pretomanid (Pa) using the Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) system. We tested 125 phylogenetically diverse strains from all known MTBC lineages (1-9) without known Pa resistance mutations and four strains with known resistance mutations as controls. This confirmed that MTBC, unlike most bacteria-antimicrobial combinations, displayed substantial differences in the intrinsic susceptibility relative to the technical variation of Pa MIC testing.

Re-evaluation of critical concentrations of antituberculosis fluoroquinolones in the Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube 960 system.

Background: Fluoroquinolones (FQs) have substantial activity against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBc) by preventing bacterial DNA synthesis through DNA gyrase inhibition. The reference standard for FQ-resistance testing is phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing (pDST) based on growth inhibition of MTBc in drug-containing Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube system (MGIT) media at a critical concentration (CC) that differentiates phenotypically wild-type from nonwild-type MTBc and at a clinical breakpoint that identifies strains that will likely still respond to treatment at higher doses. Despite the recent introduction of powerful new TB drugs, highly sensitive detection of clinically defined FQ resistance remains key.

Middlebrook 7h11 reduces invalid results and turnaround time of phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing of .

Background: Phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing (pDST), which relies on growth inhibition in the drug-containing media, remains a challenge for fastidious Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBc) isolates due to insufficient growth on the growth controls (GC). Middlebrook 7H11 (M7H11) medium contains casein hydrolysate, which may favor the growth of such strains.

Method: In this study, we tested whether M7H11 reduces invalid results due to insufficient growth on the GCs and the turnaround time (TAT) of pDST for MTBc compared to Middlebrook 7H10 (M7H10) without affecting the accuracy of the pDST results and how it differs between rifampicin- and isoniazid-susceptible non multi-drug resistant (non-MDR), MDR and MDR with additional resistance to fluoroquinolones (Pre-XDR) MTBc isolates.

In situ control of the oxide layer on thermally evaporated titanium and lysozyme adsorption by means of electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation.

Electrochemical (EC) quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (ECQCM-D) is a new and powerful technique for the in situ study of adsorption phenomena, e.g., as a function of the potential of the substrate.

Interaction of human plasma fibrinogen with commercially pure titanium as studied with atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

The surface of a biomaterial interacts with the body fluid upon implantation in the human body. The biocompatibility of a material is strongly influenced by the adsorption of proteins onto the surface. Titanium is frequently used as a biomaterial for implants in orthopedics and cardiovascular devices.

Relationship between crystallization behavior, microstructure, and macroscopic properties in trans-containing and trans-free filling fats and fillings.

The objective of this study is to investigate the architecture to feature physical functionality of filling fats. This means an investigation of the different structure levels (crystallization, microstructure, macrostructure, etc.) that lead to good technological functionality.

Comparison of sulfonated and other micropollutants removal in membrane bioreactor and conventional wastewater treatment.

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) were compared with conventional activated sludge systems (CAS) for micropollutant degradation, in laboratory-scale spiking experiments with synthetic and real domestic wastewater. The target micropollutants were polar in nature and represented a broad range in biodegradability. The experimental data indicated that MBR treatment could significantly enhance removal of the micropollutants 1,6- and 2,7-naphthalene disulfonate (NDSA) and benzothiazole-2-sulfonate.

Relationship between crystallization behavior, microstructure, and macroscopic properties in trans containing and trans free coating fats and coatings.

The objective of this study is to gain further understanding into the relationship between crystallization behavior, microstructure, and macroscopic properties in coating fats. The isothermal crystallization behavior of two coating fats (one trans containing and one trans free) was examined, both as pure fats and in coatings, by DSC and microscopy. Furthermore, the hardness of the samples was examined after cooling in a water bath at two different temperatures and at three different storage times.

[Criminal enquiry and determination of dental damage. Analysis of a prosthetic fracture following an accident].

When signing a legal insurance policy, one is not always aware of the seriousness of the reciprocal legal consequences. Physical injuries mainly involve civil procedures in spite of the fact that criminal proceedings are instituted in some cases. This article deals with the judicial inquiry concerning the notification of an accident with insurance claim.

Sleep disorders in patients with severe mental depression: double-blind placebo-controlled evaluation of the value of pipamperone (Dipiperon).

Pipamperone was compared double-blindly with placebo to evaluate its capacity to relieve sleep disorders in 40 depressive inpatients. At the end of the 1-week trial, most of the items relating to sleep disturbances had improved significantly in the 24 patients of the pipamperone group whereas only a few items showed such a change in the control group. On the Hamilton depression scale, improvement in the pipamperone patients was also superior to that in the placebo group as regards the items "depressed mood" and "insight".