Pediatric negative pressure pulmonary edema: Case series and review of the literature.

Introduction: Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) is a potentially life-threatening complication that develops rapidly following acute upper airway obstruction. The condition is rare, dramatic but resolves quickly. Prompt recognition and appropriate supportive treatment may prevent unnecessary investigations and iatrogenic complications.

The effect of nose clip on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in adolescents.

Background: Oral breathing is considered to increase hyper-responsiveness of the airways. Data on the need for nose clip (NC) during exercise challenge test (ECT) in children and adolescents is scarce. Ouraim was to evaluate the role of NC during ECT in children and adolescents.

The association between Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity-Disorder (ADHD) symptoms and disease severity in people with Cystic Fibrosis (pwCF).

Background: The hallmarks of Cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic infection and inflammation, require intensive daily treatment to maintain and improve quality of life and outcome. The incidence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is increased in chronic inflammatory diseases. Previous studies suggested that the prevalence of ADHD in people with CF (pwCF) is higher than in the general population.

Reversible Bronchial Obstruction in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.

Background: Inhaled bronchodilators are frequently used among patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), although neither the effectiveness nor the prevalence of their use is known, due to the paucity of relevant studies.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry results, of patients with PCD from two centers. Correlations were examined of bronchodilator response, with asthma and atopy markers.

Functional capacity and quality of life in patients with vascular ring.

Background: Vascular rings are congenital anomalies of the aortic arch that compress the trachea and esophagus and may require corrective surgery. Data about the long-term effects of vascular rings are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the long-term cardiorespiratory, exercise capacity, and quality of life of vascular ring patients.

Reverse butterfly pattern image with eosinophilia: Effective treatment with benralizumab-A case report.

A 16-year-old adolescent presented with dry cough, fever, weight loss, night sweats, exercise intolerance, and eosinophilia. Computed tomography showed consolidations with "reverse butterfly" pattern. He responded well to corticosteroids but had frequent relapses.

Factors associated with complicated pneumonia in children.

Introduction: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of morbidity in children, despite advances in health care and anti-pneumococcal vaccine. Complicated pneumonia accounts for a significant burden with prolonged hospitalization. Finding risk factors for complicated pneumonia may help in tailoring management.

Understanding the interplay between factors that influence bone mineral density in CF.

Background And Objectives: Multiple factors affect bone mineral density (BMD) in cystic fibrosis (CF). Our aim was to perform comprehensive analyses of parameters potentially contributing to BMD.

Methods: A prospective single-center study assessing BMD, and correlations with multiple parameters including pancreatic status, lung functions, 6-minute walk test (6MWT), clinical score (modified Shwachman-Kulczycki [SK] score), vitamin D, nutritional intake, hand grip strength (HGS), habitual physical activity (smart watches), and quality of life (SF-36 questionnaire).

Comprehensive cardiopulmonary assessment in α mannosidosis.

Introduction: α Mannosidosis is an extremely rare, progressive, and complex lysosomal storage disease, characterized by mental retardation, hearing impairment, coarse facial features, skeletal abnormalities, and pulmonary involvement. While bone marrow transplantation has been the only therapeutic option to date, nowadays new treatment options are being explored, which may affect pulmonary and exercise capacity.

Aim And Methods: To assess cardiopulmonary involvement in patients with α mannosidosis by pulmonary function tests, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and low irradiation chest computed tomography (CT).

Factors predicting length of stay in bronchiolitis.

Introduction: Despite advances in medical knowledge, the treatment of viral bronchiolitis is mainly supportive. Antiviral therapies are being investigated in clinical trials. Identifying population-attributable risk factors for RSV hospitalization may help prioritizing targeted treatment.

[PREFERENCES OF PARENTS FOR PEDIATRIC INPATIENT WARD PHYSICIAN'S ATTIRE].

Background: The preferred attire for physicians has not been defined to date. In Israel, where casual attire is acceptable in most circumstances, patients' preferences have not yet been systematically evaluated.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that was designed to evaluate parents' preferences for physicians' attire in a pediatric inpatient ward.

Six-minute walk, lung clearance index, and QOL in bronchiolitis obliterans and cystic fibrosis.

Introduction: The 6-min walk test (6MWT) predicts outcome in pulmonary hypertension. Recently, its use was reported in both cystic fibrosis (CF) and bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). While the 6MWT is a simple, non-invasive and inexpensive tool, lung clearance index (LCI) measurement requires expensive equipment and expertise.

Factors Associated with Recurrence of Tracheoesophageal Fistula.

Background: Recurrence of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is reported in 8-20% patients. Factors that may influence recurrence of fistula beyond the postoperative period are not clear.

Objectives: To evaluate possible factors associated with recurrence of TEF beyond the immediate postoperative period.

Intermittent inhaled tobramycin and systemic cytokines response in CF patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Introduction: CF pulmonary guidelines recommend alternate therapy (one month on, one month off) with inhaled tobramycin for chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization in cystic fibrosis (CF). Tobramycin-inhaled powder (TIP™) is increasingly replacing time-consuming nebulizer therapy. It is unclear whether laboratory parameters change during the month off period compared with the month on therapy.

The effect of medical clowns on performance of spirometry among preschool aged children.

Introduction: Medical clowns (MCs) are known to assist in reducing pain and alleviating anxiety. The objective of this study is to evaluate the ability of MCs to assist preschoolers in performing spirometry.

Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic life-threatening disease. In patients who suffer from chronic disease, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with functional impairment that can affect adherence to treatment and consequently influence prognosis.

Methods: CF patients filled in the ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS) adapted to the DSM5 and were assessed on a continuous performance task (MOXO-CPT), a standardized-computerized test designed to evaluate several domains of attention.

Compassionate Nitric Oxide Adjuvant Treatment of Persistent Mycobacterium Infection in Cystic Fibrosis Patients.

Background: Mycobacterium abscessus is one of the most antibiotic-resistant pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Nitric oxide (NO) has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Clinical studies indicated that it is safe and tolerable when given as 160 ppm intermittent inhalations.

Medical mishap as a cause of non-resolving pneumonia.

A 15-year old boy was referred for evaluation of fever, productive cough, and recurrent/persistent right lower lobe (RLL) pneumonia of 1-month duration. Chest computed tomography scan showed RLL consolidation, with minimal pleural effusion and a liver abscess with sharp borders, containing a solid calcification in the lower portion. History revealed acute appendicitis with laparoscopic appendectomy 6 months prior to presentation, during which a fecalith dropped to the peritoneal cavity.

Lung Clearance Index (LCI) in Patients with Bronchiolitis Obliterans: A Preliminary Report and Comparison to Cystic Fibrosis Patients.

Introduction: Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a chronic airway disease following an insult to the lower respiratory tract. Lung clearance index (LCI) measures ventilation inhomogeneity and has been studied in cystic fibrosis (CF). We aimed to evaluate LCI in BO and to compare it to LCI in CF patients.

Pulmonary manifestations of prolidase deficiency.

Background: Prolidase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease, in which pulmonary manifestations have been sporadically reported.

Aims: We have encountered two patients who presented with severe pulmonary cystic lesions leading to respiratory failure. This led us to retrospectively evaluate pulmonary involvement in patients with prolidase deficiency treated in our hospital.

Halotherapy as asthma treatment in children: A randomized, controlled, prospective pilot study.

Background And Objectives: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder requiring intermittent or continuous anti-inflammatory therapy. Patients often turn to alternative treatments as complements or replacements to conventional treatments. We aimed to evaluate the effect of salt room chambers (halotherapy) on bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and quality of life in children with asthma.

The use of telehealth (text messaging and video communications) in patients with cystic fibrosis: A pilot study.

Background Poor communications between cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and health-care providers may result in gaps in knowledge and misconceptions about medication usage, and can lead to poor adherence. We aimed to assess the feasibility of using WhatsApp and Skype to improve communications. Methods This single-centre pilot study included CF patients who were older than eight years of age assigned to two groups: one without intervention (control group), and one with intervention.