Study on the dissemination of the bcrABDR cluster in Enterococcus spp. reveals that the BcrAB transporter is sufficient to confer high-level bacitracin resistance.

Bacitracin is used both in clinical practice and as an animal growth promoter in some countries. Recent reports revealed the dissemination of high-level bacitracin resistance (HLBR) in the genus Enterococcus. The bcrABD operon confers HLBR in an Enterococcus faecalis strain, and the presence of the regulator BcrR was stated as essential for this phenotype.

Maltotriose utilization by industrial Saccharomyces strains: characterization of a new member of the alpha-glucoside transporter family.

Maltotriose utilization by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and closely related yeasts is important to industrial processes based on starch hydrolysates, where the trisaccharide is present in significant concentrations and often is not completely consumed. We undertook an integrated study to better understand maltotriose metabolism in a mixture with glucose and maltose. Physiological data obtained for a particularly fast-growing distiller's strain (PYCC 5297) showed that, in contrast to what has been previously reported for other strains, maltotriose is essentially fermented.