Cytochrome P450 168A1 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa is involved in the hydroxylation of biologically relevant fatty acids.

The cytochrome P450 CYP168A1 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli followed by purification and characterization of function. CYP168A1 is a fatty acid hydroxylase that hydroxylates saturated fatty acids, including myristic (0.30 min-1), palmitic (1.

Azole Antifungal Sensitivity of Sterol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51) and CYP5218 from Malassezia globosa.

Malassezia globosa cytochromes P450 CYP51 and CYP5218 are sterol 14α-demethylase (the target of azole antifungals) and a putative fatty acid metabolism protein (and a potential azole drug target), respectively. Lanosterol, eburicol and obtusifoliol bound to CYP51 with Kd values of 32, 23 and 28 μM, respectively, catalyzing sterol 14α-demethylation with respective turnover numbers of 1.7 min(-1), 5.

Phosphorus speciation by (31)P NMR spectroscopy in bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) and bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta (L.) Chouard ex Rothm.) dominated semi-natural upland soil.

Access to P species is a driver for plant community composition based on nutrient acquisition. Here we investigated the distribution and accumulation of soil inorganic P (Pi) and organic P (Po) forms in a bracken and bluebell dominated upland soil for the period between bluebell above ground dominance until biomass is formed from half bluebells and half bracken. Chemical characterisation and (31)P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy was used to determine the organic and inorganic P species.

Isolation and characterisation of 13 pterosins and pterosides from bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) rhizome.

Systematic phytochemical investigations of the underground rhizome of Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn (Dennstaedtiaceae) afforded thirty-five pterosins and pterosides. By detailed analysis of one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) and high-resolution mass spectrometric data, thirteen previously undescribed pterosins and pterosides have been identified.

Defense on the rocks: low monoterpenoid levels in plants on pillars without mammalian herbivores.

This study addresses the adaptive dynamics of plant toxins that ward off herbivores, an aspect of chemical warfare in ecosystems. Thyme basil (Acinos suaveolens) growing in an area regularly grazed by mammals contains double the concentration of monoterpenoids (15.61 vs.

The role of genetic and chemical variation of Pinus sylvestris seedlings in influencing slug herbivory.

This study investigated the genetic and chemical basis of resistance of Pinus sylvestris seedlings to herbivory by a generalist mollusc, Arion ater. Using feeding trials with captive animals, we examined selective herbivory by A. ater of young P.

Browse selection in response to simulated seasonal changes in diet quality through postingestive effects.

Browse species undergo seasonal changes in nutritional value and secondary plant compound concentrations. The capacity of herbivores to monitor such change through postingestive effects and to modify their food choice appropriately was investigated. Twenty-four goats were offered a different conifer species on four successive learning days per 7-d period for six periods.

Quantifying the phenolic content of freshwaters using simple assays with different underlying reaction mechanisms.

Five different assays, Gibbs, Prussian Blue, Folin-Ciocalteau, fluorescence quenching of added phenol and precipitation of phenolics with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated for their suitability in measuring the phenolic content of freshwaters. Phenol and a hydrolysable tannic acid were used as standards for monophenolics and polyphenolics, respectively. The individual and simultaneous application of both standards in doubly distilled water and filtered freshwater samples showed no matrix interference for the Gibbs, the Prussian Blue and the Folin-Ciocalteau assays.