The Therapeutic Potential of Angeli's Salt in Mitigating Acute Infection in Mice.

Chagas disease (CD), caused by , is a neglected tropical disease prevalent in Latin America. Infected patients are treated to eliminate the parasite, reduce the cardiomyopathy risk, and interrupt the disease transmission cycle. The World Health Organization recognizes benznidazole (BZ) and nifurtimox as effective drugs for CD treatment.

Metabolic syndrome agravates cardiovascular, oxidative and inflammatory dysfunction during the acute phase of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice.

We evaluated the influence of metabolic syndrome (MS) on acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Obese Swiss mice, 70 days of age, were subjected to intraperitoneal infection with 5 × 10 trypomastigotes of the Y strain. Cardiovascular, oxidative, inflammatory, and metabolic parameters were evaluated in infected and non-infected mice.

Differences in cNOS/iNOS Activity during Resistance to Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in 5-Lipoxygenase Knockout Mice.

Infection with the protozoan causes Chagas disease and consequently leads to severe inflammatory heart condition; however, the mechanisms driving this inflammatory response have not been completely elucidated. Nitric oxide (NO) is a key mediator of parasite killing in -infected mice, and previous studies have suggested that leukotrienes (LTs) essentially regulate the NO activity in the heart. We used infected 5-lipoxygenase-deficient mice (5-LO) to explore the participation of nitric oxide synthase isoforms, inducible (iNOS) and constitutive (cNOS), in heart injury, cytokine profile, and oxidative stress during the early stage of infection.

Extracellular Vesicles Shed By Potentiate Infection and Elicit Lipid Body Formation and PGE Production in Murine Macrophages.

During the onset of infection, an effective immune response is necessary to control parasite replication and ensure host survival. Macrophages have a central role in innate immunity, acting as an important trypanocidal cell and triggering the adaptive immune response through antigen presentation and cytokine production. However, displays immune evasion mechanisms that allow infection and replication in macrophages, favoring its chronic persistence.

Brazilian propolis promotes immunomodulation on human cells from American Tegumentar Leishmaniasis patients and healthy donors infected with L. braziliensis.

American Tegumentar Leishmaniasis (ATL) is an infectious disease caused by Leishmania parasites with ineffective treatment. The properties of propolis have been studied in different experimental studies, however, few works have investigated the effects of propolis on human-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in leishmaniasis models. Thus, we investigate the immunomodulatory effects of propolis treatment on PBMC from ATL patients and on PBMC from healthy donors infected with Leishmania braziliensis.

Trypanosoma cruzi: in vivo evaluation of iron in skin employing X-ray fluorescence (XRF) in mouse strains that differ in their susceptibility to infection.

Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas' disease (CD), is a substantial public health concern in Latin America. Laboratory mice inoculated with T. cruzi have served as important animal models of acute CD.

Trypanosoma cruzi: effect of the absence of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)-derived leukotrienes on levels of cytokines, nitric oxide and iNOS expression in cardiac tissue in the acute phase of infection in mice.

Leukotrienes are important mediators of inflammatory responses. In this study, we investigated the effect of the absence of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)-derived leukotrienes on levels of cytokines, nitric oxide (NO) and iNOS expression in cardiac tissue of mice infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease. NO is a key mediator of parasite killing in mice experimentally infected with T.

5-Lipoxygenase plays a role in the control of parasite burden and contributes to oxidative damage of erythrocytes in murine Chagas' disease.

Chagas' disease is accompanied by severe anemia and oxidative stress, which may contribute to mortality. In this study, we investigated the role of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) in the control of parasitism and anemia associated with oxidative damage of erythrocytes in experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Wild-type C57BL/6, 129Sv mice treated or not with nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA, 5-LO inhibitor), mice lacking the 5-LO enzyme gene (5-LO(-/-)) and inducible nitric oxide synthase gene (iNOS(-/-)) were infected with the Y strain of T.