High Mobility Group Box 1 and TLR4 Signaling Pathway in Gnotobiotic Piglets Colonized/Infected with , , Nissle 1917 and . Typhimurium.

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a DNA-binding nuclear protein that can be actively secreted by immune cells after different immune stimuli or passively released from cells undergoing necrosis. HMGB1 amplifies inflammation, and its hypersecretion contributes to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death. We tested possible immunomodulatory effect of commensal (LA), (LM) or probiotic Nissle 1917 (EcN) in infection of gnotobiotic piglets with Typhimurium (ST).

Colonization of Germ-Free Piglets with Commensal , , and Probiotic Nissle 1917 and Their Interference with Typhimurium.

Non-typhoid are worldwide spread food-borne pathogens that cause diarrhea in humans and animals. Their multi-drug resistances require alternative ways to combat this enteric pathogen. Mono-colonization of a gnotobiotic piglet gastrointestinal tract with commensal lactobacilli and and with probiotic 1917 and their interference with .