Pediatric hypertension as an early manifestation of cardiovascular disease in children.

In adults, cardiovascular events associated with arterial hypertension (AH) have a major impact on morbidity and mortality. In light of recent findings, AH in children has been interpreted as early cardiovascular disease (CVD), while exposure to CV risk factors in children proves to be a predictor of subclinical CVD in adults. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association has recently updated the classifications for measuring blood pressure (BP) in adults and children.

Risk factors of acute kidney injury in very low birth weight infants in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit.

Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in the neonatal period is associated with worst outcomes as increased mortality and increased length of hospital stay. Very low birth weight (VLBW) newborns are at higher risk for developing several other conditions that are associated with worst outcomes. Understanding the risk factors for AKI may help to prevent this condition and improve neonatal care for this population.

The challenges of the pandemic and the vaccination against covid-19 in pediatric patients with kidney disease.

The covid-19 vaccine confers direct protection and reduces transmission rates of the virus and new variants. Vaccines from Pfizer/BioNTech and CoronaVac have been cleared for children in Brazil. They are safe, effective, and immunogenic.

Technical performance of a lateral flow immunoassay for detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in the outpatient follow-up of non-severe cases and at different times after vaccination: comparison with enzyme and chemiluminescent immunoassays.

This study assessed the technical performance of a rapid lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and compared LFIA results with chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) results and an in-house enzyme immunoassay (EIA). To this end, a total of 216 whole blood or serum samples from three groups were analyzed: the first group was composed of 68 true negative cases corresponding to blood bank donors, healthy young volunteers, and eight pediatric patients diagnosed with other coronavirus infections. The serum samples from these participants were obtained and stored in a pre-COVID-19 period, thus they were not expected to have COVID-19.

Pediatric peritoneal dialysis in Brazil: a discussion about sustainability. A document by the Brazilian Society of Nephrology, the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics, the Brazilian Association of Organ Transplantation, and the Brazilian Association of Dialysis and Transplant Centers.

IntroduÇÃo: A diálise peritoneal (DP) é importante para a pediatria. Este estudo mostrou dados de centros brasileiros que utilizam DP pediátrica.

MÉtodo: Estudo transversal, observacional, descritivo com questionário eletrônico.

Thromboprophylaxis after kidney transplantation in children: Ten-year experience of a single Brazilian center.

Background: Kidney transplantation is the gold standard treatment for children with end-stage chronic kidney disease. Graft thrombosis is an important cause of graft failure, with high morbidity, mortality, and impact on quality of life and to the health system. The role of thromboprophylaxis in this setting is still uncertain.

Recommendations Of The Brazilian Society Of Nephrology Regarding Pediatric Patients On Renal Replacement Therapy During The Covid-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: The impact of the new coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) and its worldwide clinical manifestations (COVID-19) imposed specific regional recommendations for populations in need of specialized care, such as children and adolescents with kidney diseases, particularly in renal replacement therapies (RRT). We present the recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology regarding the treatment of pediatric patients with kidney diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Articles and documents from medical societies and government agencies on specific recommendations for children on RRT in relation to COVID-19 as well as those focused on epidemiological aspects of this condition in Brazil Were evaluated and analyzed.

PEDIATRICIANS AFTER RESIDENCY: A SURVEY OF PERSONAL/PROFESSIONAL DATA AND ISSUES.

Objective: To assess personal, professional, medical, and scientific educational characteristics and issues reported by pediatricians.

Methods: Cross-sectional study based on an online survey including 614 pediatricians who graduated in the last 15 years at a University Pediatric Department in Brazil.

Results: The response rate was 331/614(54%).

Kidney impairment in fetal growth restriction: three-dimensional evaluation of volume and vascularization.

Objectives: Renal development is impaired in fetal growth restriction (FGR). Renal size can be considered a surrogate of renal function in childhood, and could be impaired in that condition. Our aim was to evaluate the ratio of total renal volume, measured by three-dimensional ultrasound, to estimated fetal weight (TRV/EFW) among fetuses with and without growth restriction.

First-year profile of biomarkers for early detection of renal injury in infants with congenital urinary tract obstruction.

Background: Diagnosis of renal function impairment and deterioration in congenital urinary tract obstruction (UTO) continues to be extremely challenging. Use of renal biomarkers in this setting may favor early renal injury detection, allowing for a reliable choice of optimal therapeutic options and prevention or minimization of definitive renal damage.

Methods: This longitudinal, prospective study analyzed the first-year profile of two serum renal biomarkers: creatinine (sCr) and cystatin C (sCyC); and six urinary renal biomarkers: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), retinol-binding protein (RBP), cystatin C (uCyC), and microalbuminuria (μALB) in a cohort of 37 infants with UTO divided into three subgroups: 14/37 with unilateral hydro(uretero)nephrosis, 13/37 with bilateral hydro(uretero)nephrosis, and 10/37 patients with lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO), compared with 24 healthy infants matched by gestational age and birth weight.

Clinical and laboratory features of urinary tract infections in young infants.

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common serious bacterial infection in young infants. Signs and symptoms are often nonspecific.

Objectives: To describe clinical, demographic and laboratory features of UTI in infants ≤ 3 months old.

Study of the profile of behavioral problems and quality of life indexes in a pediatric cohort of monosymptomatic enuresis.

Objective: To evaluate and correlate, before and after the therapeutic intervention, the behavioral problem scores evaluated by the CBCL/6-18 questionnaire and the quality of life indexes evaluated by the PedsQL™ 4.0 in patients with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis.

Method: After the initial evaluation and completion of the CBCL/6-18 questionnaire, a multidisciplinary evaluation and completion of the PedsQL™ 4.

Clinical course of a cohort of children with non-neurogenic daytime urinary incontinence symptoms followed at a tertiary center.

Objective: To characterize a cohort of children with non-neurogenic daytime urinary incontinence followed-up in a tertiary center.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 50 medical records of children who had attained bladder control or minimum age of 5 years, using a structured protocol that included lower urinary tract dysfunction symptoms, comorbidities, associated manifestations, physical examination, voiding diary, complementary tests, therapeutic options, and clinical outcome, in accordance with the 2006 and 2014 International Children's Continence Society standardizations.

Results: Female patients represented 86.

Reliability of the Brazilian version of the PedsQL - ESDR questionnaire to evaluate quality of life of children and adolescents.

Objective: To evaluate the reliability of the translation and cultural adaptation of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQLTM) - End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) - version 3.0 - children/adolescents and parents reports in Brazilian children with ESRD.

Methods: A group of 24 children and adolescents with ESRD, followed at Unidade de Nefrologia Pediátrica do Instituto da Criança - HCFMUSP and 32 primary caregivers were interviewed according to the me methodology proposed by the creator of the original questionnaire.

Community-acquired urinary tract infection: age and gender-dependent etiology.

Introduction: Choosing the antimicrobial agent for initial therapy of urinary tract infection (UTI) is usually empirical and should consider the prevalence of uropathogens in different age groups and gender.

Objective: To establish prevalence rates of uropathogens in community-acquired UTI in relation to age and gender.

Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in the emergency department (ED) of a general hospital, from January to December, 2010, in patients younger than 15 years old who had clinical suspicion of UTI and collected quantitative urine culture.

Translation and cultural adaptation of Peds QL TM ESRD to Portuguese.

Objective: To translate into and adapt to Brazilian Portuguese the Peds QL TM - End Stage Renal Disease version 3.0 questionnaire.

Method: The methodology proposed by the creator of the original questionnaire was adopted.

Effects of glucocorticoids on growth and bone mineralization.

Objective: To review the various mechanisms of glucocorticoid action and the ability of these agents to induce osteoporosis and growth deficits.

Sources: A review of the scientific literature was conducted on the basis of a MEDLINE search using the keywords and descriptors "glucocorticoids," "bone mineralization," "growth," and "side effects" and limited to articles published in the last decade. The references cited by these articles were used to identify relevant older publications, with an emphasis on landmark studies essential to an understanding of the topic.

Clinical aspects of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease.

Introduction: Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease (ARPKD) is an important pediatric cause of morbidity and mortality, with a variable clinical spectrum.

Methods: The clinical presentation and evolution of 25 patients (Pts) were analyzed by clinical record review, according to the forms proposed by Guay-Woodford et al. Morbidities associated with the disease were evaluated with respect to their frequencies and age of onset.

Renal and urinary findings in 20 patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome diagnosed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Purpose: Williams-Beuren syndrome is a rare multiple anomalies/mental retardation syndrome caused by deletion of contiguous genes at chromosome region 7q11.23. The aim of this work was to determine the frequency and the types of renal and urinary tract anomalies in 20 patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome.