Occupational therapy in the space of artificial intelligence: Ethical considerations and human-centered efforts.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is constantly and rapidly evolving and has the potential to benefit occupational therapy (OT) and OT clients. However, AI developments also pose risks and challenges, for example in relation to the ethical principles of OT. One way to support future AI technology aligned with OT ethical principles may be through human-centered AI (HCAI), an emerging branch within AI research and developments with a notable overlap of OT values and beliefs.

Representation of child and youth participation within the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS).

Purpose: To examine (1) how much participation is represented in the benchmark Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) resource, and (2) to what extent that representation reflects the definition of child and youth participation and/or its related constructs per the family of Participation-Related Constructs framework.

Materials And Methods: We searched and analysed UMLS concepts related to the term "participation." Identified UMLS concepts were rated according to their representation of participation (i.

Caregiver strategies supporting community participation among children and youth with or at risk for disabilities: a mixed-methods study.

Introduction: The purpose of this mixed-methods study is to examine the role of caregiver strategies to support community participation among children and youth with disabilities and those at risk, from the caregiver perspective. For the quantitative phase, we tested the hypothesized positive effect of participation-focused caregiver strategies on the relationship(s) between participation-related constructs and community participation attendance and involvement. For the qualitative phase, we solicited caregiver perspectives to explain the quantitative findings.

An international study of diversity in occupational therapy research- A bibliographic review of English research literature.

Background: The cornerstone of a strong profession is the research that supports its knowledge base and practice. However, little is known about the range of international occupational therapy research.

Objective: To explore the range and diversity of the international occupational therapy research from published peer reviewed literature in English during the year 2018.

Natural Language Processing to Classify Caregiver Strategies Supporting Participation Among Children and Youth with Craniofacial Microsomia and Other Childhood-Onset Disabilities.

Unlabelled: Customizing participation-focused pediatric rehabilitation interventions is an important but also complex and potentially resource intensive process, which may benefit from automated and simplified steps. This research aimed at applying natural language processing to develop and identify a best performing predictive model that classifies caregiver strategies into participation-related constructs, while filtering out non-strategies. We created a dataset including 1,576 caregiver strategies obtained from 236 families of children and youth (11-17 years) with craniofacial microsomia or other childhood-onset disabilities.

School participation among young people with craniofacial microsomia and other childhood-onset disabilities.

Aim: To examine how school environment, physical functioning problems, and behavioral problems explain levels of school participation (i.e. attendance and involvement) among young people with craniofacial microsomia (CFM) and other childhood-onset disabilities, and whether participation-focused caregiver strategies play a role in these relationships.

Implementing an Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome and Decision Support Tool in Early Intervention.

Objective: The aim of the study is to identify and prioritize early intervention (EI) stakeholders' perspectives of supports and barriers to implementing the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM), an electronic patient-reported outcome (e-PRO) tool, for scaling its implementation across multiple local and state EI programs.

Methods: An explanatory sequential (quan > QUAL) mixed-methods study was conducted with EI families ( = 6), service coordinators ( = 9), and program leadership ( = 7). Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were used to share select quantitative pragmatic trial results (e.

Capturing and Operationalizing Participation in Pediatric Re/Habilitation Research Using Artificial Intelligence: A Scoping Review.

Background: There is increased interest in using artificial intelligence (AI) to provide participation-focused pediatric re/habilitation. Existing reviews on the use of AI in participation-focused pediatric re/habilitation focus on interventions and do not screen articles based on their definition of participation. AI-based assessments may help reduce provider burden and can support operationalization of the construct under investigation.

Artificial Intelligence in Rehabilitation Targeting the Participation of Children and Youth With Disabilities: Scoping Review.

Background: In the last decade, there has been a rapid increase in research on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve child and youth participation in daily life activities, which is a key rehabilitation outcome. However, existing reviews place variable focus on participation, are narrow in scope, and are restricted to select diagnoses, hindering interpretability regarding the existing scope of AI applications that target the participation of children and youth in a pediatric rehabilitation setting.

Objective: The aim of this scoping review is to examine how AI is integrated into pediatric rehabilitation interventions targeting the participation of children and youth with disabilities or other diagnosed health conditions in valued activities.

Caregiver Perspectives on School Participation Among Students With Craniofacial Microsomia.

Importance: Knowledge of unmet school participation needs for students with craniofacial microsomia (CFM) can inform decisions regarding intervention support.

Objective: To compare students with and without CFM on school participation (i.e.

Participation-Focused Strategy Use Among Caregivers of Children Receiving Early Intervention.

Importance: Evidence on common types of participation-focused caregiver strategies can help occupational therapy practitioners to take an evidence-based approach to designing participation-focused practice.

Objective: To identify and explore types of caregiver strategies to support young children's participation in valued occupations in the home and community.

Design: Qualitative study using a subset of data collected online with the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM).

Community participation in youth with craniofacial microsomia.

Purpose: To examine differences in community participation and environmental support for youth with and without craniofacial microsomia.

Methods: This study involved secondary analyses of a subset of data ( = 396) from a longitudinal cohort study. Multiple linear and Poisson regression analyses and Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney tests were used to estimate differences in community participation and environmental support between youth with craniofacial microsomia and youth without craniofacial microsomia, stratified based on their history of education and health-related service use.

Electronic participation-focused care planning support for families: a pilot study.

Aim: To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of Participation and Environment Measure-Plus (PEM+) 2.0, an optimized version of a web-based, participation-focused, care-planning tool.

Method: Twenty-two caregivers of children aged 0 to 5 years receiving rehabilitation services, who reported dissatisfaction with their child's participation, had internet access, and could read and write English, were recruited for this 2-week, single-arm pilot trial.

Perceptions of occupational therapy threshold concepts by students in role-emerging placements in schools: A qualitative investigation.

Introduction: Traversing threshold concepts has been identified as crucial in becoming an occupational therapist. To support this learning, previous research has emphasised the value of students engaging in practice-based learning, accompanying reflection, and a curriculum which makes threshold concepts explicit to students. Role-emerging placements form part of students' practice-based learning in many universities and could offer a valuable opportunity for students to learn threshold concepts.

Occupational Therapy Practice in Mainstream Schools: Results from an Online Survey in Switzerland.

The shift towards inclusive education in many European countries has led to structural changes that affect both schools and their related professionals aiming to support children's participation. While most European countries acknowledge inclusive education and its need, serious challenges exist to its implementation at a national and local community level. Interdisciplinary collaboration, including health and educational professionals, is seen as an imperative key principle for inclusive education services.

Are the school version of the assessment of motor and process skills measures valid for German-speaking children?

Background: There are no validated assessment tools for evaluating quality of schoolwork task performance of children living in German-speaking Europe (GSE).

Objective: To determine whether the international age-normative means of the School Version of the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (School AMPS) are valid for use in GSE.

Methods: The participants were 159 typically-developing children, 3-12 years, from GSE.