[Efficacy and complications of double guidewire technique in biliary tract cannulation].

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of double guidewire technique in patients with difficult biliary cannulation during ERCP.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all ERCPs performed between January 2015 and July 2016. DGT was performed in patients for whom biliary cannulation was difficult and guidewire insertion into the pancreatic duct (PD) was inadvertently achieved while attempting the standard WGC technique.

Ion jelly conductive properties using dicyanamide-based ionic liquids.

The thermal behavior and transport properties of several ion jellys (IJs), a composite that results from the combination of gelatin with an ionic liquid (IL), were investigated by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (PFG NMR). Four different ILs containing the dicyanamide anion were used: 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide (BMIMDCA), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide (EMIMDCA), 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium dicyanamide (BMPyrDCA), and 1-butylpyridinium dicyanamide (BPyDCA); the bulk ILs were also investigated for comparison. A glass transition was detected by DSC for all materials, ILs and IJs, allowing them to be classified as glass formers.

[Initial experience in endoscopic ultrasonography in Edgardo Rebagliati Hospital, Essalud, Lima, Peru].

Objective: Report our experience with endoscopic ultrasonography.

Material And Methods: In this report we analyze retrospectivement the data of 205 EUS studies done from January to December 2012 at the Hospital. Lima, Peru.

[Celiac disease and intestinal obstruction by T cell lymphoma].

A male patient, 55 years old, born in Ayacucho, with Spanish ancestors, was hospitalized through emergency referring abdominal pain, and 10 kilograms weight loss. Six months before he was diagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome. His previous diseases were rheumatoid arthritis and intolerance to lactose.

Probing the microenvironment of sol-gel entrapped cutinase: the role of added zeolite NaY.

Cutinase, an esterase from Fusarium solani pisi, was immobilized in sol-gel matrices of composition 1:5 tetramethoxysilane (TMOS):n-alkyltrimethoxysilane (n-alkylTMS). Fluorescence spectroscopy using the single tryptophan (Trp-69) residue of cutinase as a probe revealed that the polarity of the matrices decreased as their hydrophobicity increased up to the TMOS/n-butylTMS pair, which correlates with an increase in cutinase activity. Fluorescence emission was suppressed (a higher than two orders of magnitude reduction) in the TMOS/n-octylTMS matrix, suggesting a greater proximity of the tryptophan to a nearby disulfide bridge.

Sol-gel encapsulation: an efficient and versatile immobilization technique for cutinase in non-aqueous media.

Cutinase from Fusarium solani pisi was encapsulated in sol-gel matrices prepared with a combination of alkyl-alkoxysilane precursors of different chain-lengths. The specific activity of cutinase in a model transesterification reaction at fixed water activity in n-hexane was highest for the precursor combination tetramethoxysilane/n-butyltrimetoxysilane (TMOS/BTMS) in a 1:5 ratio, lower and higher chain lengths of the mono-alkylated precursor or decreasing proportions of the latter relative to TMOS leading to lower enzyme activity. Results obtained using combinations of three precursors confirmed the beneficial effect of the presence of BTMS in the preparations.

[Giant esophageal fibrovascular polyp].

Fibrovascular polyps are extremely rare benign neoplasias of the esophagus, which usually originate in the lower cricoid area. They do not produce any discomfort in the patient for a long time, however it may make itself evident by the patient's regurgitation of the polyp, producing asphyxia or, more frequently, dysphagia. The case of a 58 year old male patient is presented herein, with a 9 month record of dysphagia, weight loss and intermittent melena.