Outcomes of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) Compared to Open Repair in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis.

This umbrella meta-analysis aims to investigate two surgical treatments for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA): endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and open surgery repair (OSR). Our study aims to elucidate the 30-day mortality rate, reintervention rates, and aneurysm-related mortality in EVAR versus OSR for AAA.  We conducted a comprehensive assessment of meta-analyses ( = 34 articles) comparing EVAR and OSR for AAA.

Shorter antitubercular therapy for extrapulmonary tuberculosis - a case report.

Introduction: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) adds to India's significant economic burden, with pericardial effusion being a potentially fatal complication. This case report highlights the need for early diagnosis and the feasibility of shorter-duration treatment for EPTB in developing countries.

Presentation: This case report describes a 19-year-old male from Southeast Asia who had a history of bronchiectasis involving the left lower lobe and the right middle lobe, which was cystic in nature, as well as multiple episodes of non-tuberculous pneumonia.

A Review of Incidence and Related Risk Factors in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver malignancy, ranking as the seventh most common cancer globally and the second leading cause of deaths due to cancer. This review examines the incidence of HCC, its associated risk factors, and constantly changing global trends. Incidence has been noted to be varying worldwide, particularly due to environmental and infectious risk factors.

The role of artificial intelligence based systems for cost optimization in colorectal cancer prevention programs.

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) has seen a dramatic increase in incidence globally. In 2019, colorectal cancer accounted for 1.15 million deaths and 24.

Preventive effect of tacrolimus on patients with post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis.

Background/aims: In patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), calcineurin activates zymogen, which results in pancreatitis. In this study, we aimed to determine the efficacy of tacrolimus, a calcineurin inhibitor, in preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP).

Methods: This was a prospective pilot study in which patients who underwent ERCP received tacrolimus (4 mg in two divided doses); this was the Tac group.

Role of endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration/biopsy in the evaluation of intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy due to tuberculosis.

Background: Intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy due to tuberculosis (TB) poses a diagnostic challenge due to difficulty in tissue acquisition. Although endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration/biopsy (EUS-FNA/B) has shown promise in the evaluation of mediastinal lymph nodes, its role in the evaluation of intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy is not clear.

Aim: To assess the role of EUS-FNA/B in the evaluation of intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy due to TB.

Role of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) as a Clinical Predictor of Decompensation in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease (CLD).

Introduction: Systemic inflammation triggered by bacterial products like lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the circulation is an important factor leading to decompensation in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has a significant role in innate immune response to LPS in the circulation and could therefore increase the risk for decompensation in patients with CLD. In this study, we have explored the role of HDL-C as a prognostic marker for decompensation.

Endoscopic management of high-grade biliary strictures complicating living donor liver transplantation using soehendra stent retrievers.

Background: Biliary strictures following living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) are usually managed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) with stricture dilation and stent placement. While current endoscopic techniques are successful in most cases, high-grade biliary strictures (HGBS) pose a challenge using currently employed techniques which have a low rate of technical success.

Aims: In this study, we have explored the safety and efficacy of Soehendra stent retrievers (SSR) for the dilation of HGBS complicating LDLT.

Genome Resources for Seven Fungal Isolates That Cause Dollar Spot Disease in Turfgrass, Including and .

Fungi in the genus are widespread and destructive pathogens of grasses worldwide, and are best known as the causal agents of dollar spot disease in turfgrass. Here, we report genome assemblies of seven isolates, including ex-types of the two most widespread species, and . These datasets provide a valuable resource for ongoing studies of the dollar spot pathogens that include population diversity, host-pathogen interactions, marker development, and disease control.

Paradigm shift in the management of bile duct strictures complicating living donor liver transplantation.

Aim: Validation of new metrics to identify functionally significant obstruction (FSO), to better define biliary strictures complicating living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).

Methods: All LDLT recipients who presented with cholestasis were studied. Novel metrics for FSO are as follows: (1) magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) ductal ratio (MDR): The ratio between hepatic duct and recipient duct diameter on the MRCP taken at presentation; (2) endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) ductal ratio (EDR): The ratio between hepatic duct and recipient duct diameter on the first ERC done for suspected biliary strictures; (3) delayed contrast drainage (DCD): > 50% contrast retained above the anastomotic site, in more than three consecutive fluoroscopic images taken at least 15 min after contrast instillation.

Adrenal insufficiency in decompensated cirrhotic patients without infection: prevalence, predictors and impact on mortality.

Background: Relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI) is common in compensated and decompensated chronic liver disease in the presence of sepsis. This study was performed to find out the prevalence of RAI in decompensated cirrhotic patients presenting with hepatic encephalopathy and variceal bleeding without any evidence of infection.

Methods: The study prospectively included 75 cirrhotic patients with signs of decompensation.

Impact of calcifications on diagnostic yield of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Chronic calcific pancreatitis (CCP) is a major risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and is common in southern India. Endoscopic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is useful for tissue acquisition in patients with solid pancreatic lesions. Multiple factors may affect the diagnostic yield of FNA samples.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Rendezvous Procedure for a Nondilated, Leaking Pancreatic Duct.

Pancreatic duct (PD) leak leading to pancreatic ascites is a serious complication of chronic pancreatitis. Endoscopic management with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been found to be successful; however, if selective cannulation of the PD is unsuccessful, an endoscopic ultrasound-guided rendezvous procedure can help in bridging PD leaks, provided the duct is dilated. We report a successful endoscopic ultrasound-guided rendezvous procedure in a patient with PD leak, pancreatic ascites, and a nondilated duct with failed ERCP who was a poor candidate for surgery.

Hyperthermia enhances methyl methanesulfonate-induced adaptive response in meiotic cells of grasshopper Poecilocerus pictus.

To understand the role of hyperthermia (HT) in adaptive response, methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) adapted meiotic cells of Poecilocerus pictus were used. Poecilocerus pictus were treated with conditioning (L) or challenging (H) dose of MMS and 2-h time lag (TL) between these doses (L-2h-H) (combined) was employed. Different treatment schedules were used to analyse the influence of HT on MMS-induced adaptive response namely pre; inter; post-treatment and cross-adaptation.

Biliary strictures complicating living donor liver transplantation: Problems, novel insights and solutions.

Biliary stricture complicating living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is a relatively common complication, occurring in most transplant centres across the world. Cases of biliary strictures are more common in LDLT than in deceased donor liver transplantation. Endoscopic management is the mainstay for biliary strictures complicating LDLT and includes endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, sphincterotomy and stent placement (with or without balloon dilatation).

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy site infections-Incidence and risk factors.

Background: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement is the modality of choice for long-term enteral nutrition in view of technical ease and cost-effectiveness. Peristomal infection (PI) remains the most common complication following PEG tube placement. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and risk factors for PI and outline a microbiological profile that can aid in prophylactic and therapeutic strategies.

Prevalence and microscopic studies of infection in naturally infected water buffaloes () of Andhra Pradesh.

species are the obligate tissue protozoan parasites of livestock causing clinical and subclinical disease resulting in downgrading of the meat and their products thereby leading to economic losses. The present study reveals the prevalence and distribution of sarcocystosis in water buffaloes () slaughtered at local abattoirs in A.P for a period of 1 year from June 2014 to May 2015.

Endoscopic therapy for biliary strictures complicating living donor liver transplantation: Factors predicting better outcome.

Aim: To identify factors predicting outcome of endoscopic therapy in bile duct strictures (BDS) post living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).

Methods: Patients referred with BDS post LDLT, were retrospectively studied. Patient demographics, symptoms (Pruritus, Jaundice, cholangitis), intra-op variables (cold ischemia time, blood transfusions, number of ducts used, .

Synthesis and characterisation of neem leaf extract, 2, 3-dehydrosalanol and quercetin dihydrate mediated silver nano particles for therapeutic applications.

The utility of green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in veterinary medicine is steadily increasing as they have many therapeutic applications against pathogens and arthropods of livestock. In this study, green AgNPs using neem (N-AgNPs), 2,3-dehydrosalanol (2,3-DHS-AgNPs) and quercetin dihydrate (QDH-AgNPs) were synthesised and characterised. Synthesised compounds were characterised by UV-Vis spectroscopy and the peak absorbance was recorded at 370 nm for neem extract.

In vitro evaluation of acaricidal activity of novel green silver nanoparticles against deltamethrin resistance Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus.

An investigation was undertaken to study, for the first time, in vitro acaricidal activity of green silver nanoparticles on deltamethrin resistance Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. The compounds tested were neem coated silver nanoparticles (N-Ag NPs), deltamethrin neem coated silver nanoparticles (DN-Ag NPs), 2, 3 dehydrosalannol (2,3 DHS), 2, 3 DHS coated silver nanoparticles (2, 3-DHS-Ag NPs), Quercetin dihydrate (QDH) and QDH coated silver nanoparticles (QDH-Ag NPs). Also included in this study, for the purpose of comparison, were neem leaf extract (NLE), silver nitrate (AgNO) and deltamethrin (D).

Appropriateness of antibiotic usage for gastrointestinal disorders in a tertiary care hospital.

Objective: To assess antibiotic usage in gastrointestinal disorders with respect to appropriateness, pattern of resistance, and incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

Methodology: Antibiotic prescribing in the gastroenterology department of a tertiary care hospital was evaluated using the Gyssens criteria and also by assessing drug related problems (DRPs) using the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe V.6.

Babesia bigemina infection in a 14-day old Jersey crossbred calf: a case report.

Babesia bigemina infection was diagnosed in a 14-day old Jersey female calf. The infected calf showed clinical symptoms of high fever, increased respiratory rate, pale conjunctival mucous membrane and haemoglobinuria. Blood smears were prepared and subjected for Giemsas staining method.

First report of Cobboldia elephantis (Cobbold, 1866) larvae in a free ranging wild elephant from Andhra Pradesh, India.

Larvae of Cobboldia elephantis have been reported from the stomach of a free ranging wild elephant (Elephas maximus) while conducting post mortem examination at Palamner forest range, Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh state, India. This is the first report of C. elephantis in free ranging wild elephant in Andhra Pradesh state, India.