Nephroprotective effect of pioglitazone in a Wistar rat model of adenine‑induced chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disease with a high mortality rate and a worldwide prevalence of 13.4%, triggered by various diseases with high incidence. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effect of pioglitazone on kidney in an adenine-induced Wistar rats and the mechanisms possibly involved.

Rapid liver self-recovery: A challenge for rat models of tissue damage.

Animal models, mainly murine, stay as a fundamental resource in diverse research pursuits, notably contributing to significant strides in discovering novel treatments for therapeutic applications. Preclinical assays must consider the existence of self-recovery mechanisms in the murine species to achieve a well-designed control group. This study focuses on unveiling the innate rapid regenerative capacity of rat liver by utilizing the thioacetamide-induced sub-chronic liver injury model.

Inhibition of endogenous hydrogen sulfide production reduces activation of hepatic stellate cells via the induction of cellular senescence.

In chronic liver injury, quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) transdifferentiate into activated myofibroblast-like cells and produce large amounts of extracellular matrix components, e.g. collagen type 1.

Novel Approaches in Chronic Renal Failure without Renal Replacement Therapy: A Review.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by renal parenchymal damage leading to a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate. The inflammatory response plays a pivotal role in the tissue damage contributing to renal failure. Current therapeutic options encompass dietary control, mineral salt regulation, and management of blood pressure, blood glucose, and fatty acid levels.

The Gal/GalNac lectin as a possible acetylcholine receptor in .

() is a protozoan responsible for intestinal amebiasis in at least 500 million people per year, although only 10% of those infected show severe symptoms. It is known that captures molecules released during the host immune response through membrane receptors that favor its pathogenetic mechanisms for the establishment of amebic invasion. It has been suggested that interacts with acetylcholine (ACh) through its membrane.

Effectiveness of Polyclonal Antibody Immunoconjugate Treatment with Propamidine Isethionate for Amoebic Keratitis in Golden Hamsters.

is known to cause amoebic keratitis (AK); its main causes are inadequate hygiene when contact lenses are handled and/or its prolonged use at night, as well as the use of contact lenses during underwater activities. The most used treatment for AK is the combination of propamidine isethionate combined with polyhexamethylene biguanide, which disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane, and damages cellular components and respiratory enzymes. We proposed an immunoconjugate treatment obtained from immunized rabbit serum combined with propamidine isethionate; the corneas of hamsters inoculated with (MYP2004) were treated with the combined, at 1, 2, and 3 weeks.

Arginine vasopressin deficiency and conivaptan (a V1a-V2 receptor antagonist) treatment reverses liver damage and fibrosis in rats with chronic portocaval anastomosis.

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a naturally occurring hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus. AVP demonstrates pro-fibrotic effects as it stimulates hepatic stellate cells to secrete transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and collagen. Previous work in liver cirrhotic (CCL -induced) hamsters demonstrated that AVP deficiency induced by neurointermediate pituitary lobectomy (NIL) can restore liver function.

Animal model of corneal ectasia in rabbits by intrastromal injection of type II collagenase.

Introduction: Collagenase II has been used to induce experimental keratoconus in animal models. However, its effect when administered by intrastromal injection has not been studied, so the purpose of this study was to study the effects of intrastromal injection of collagenase II on corneal surface and corneal morphology.

Methods: Six New Zealand rabbits were used, collagenase II was administered by intrastromal injection (5μL of 2.

Neuroimmunomodulation of adrenoblockers during liver cirrhosis: modulation of hepatic stellate cell activity.

The sympathetic nervous system and the immune system are responsible for producing neurotransmitters and cytokines that interact by binding to receptors; due to this, there is communication between these systems. Liver immune cells and nerve fibres are systematically distributed in the liver, and the partial overlap of both patterns may favour interactions between certain elements. Dendritic cells are attached to fibroblasts, and nerve fibres are connected via the dendritic cell-fibroblast complex.

Molecular and Antioxidant Characterization of Fruit Extract and Its Protective Effect against Diclofenac-Induced Acute Liver Injury in an In Vivo Rat Model.

A molecular characterization of the main phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of (OR) fruit extract was carried out, as well as an evaluation of its hepatoprotective effect against diclofenac (DF)-induced acute liver injury was evaluated. Phenols, flavonoids and betalains were quantified, and antioxidant characterization was performed by means of the ABTS, DPPH and FRAP assays. UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS was used to identify the main biocompounds present in OR fruit extract was carried out via.

Hepatoprotective Effect of Fruit Biocomponents in a Rat Model of Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is a chronic disease associated with oxidative stress that has a great impact on the population mortality. Due to their antioxidant capacity, we evaluated the protective effect of Opuntia robusta fruit (Or) on liver fibrosis. A nutraceutical characterization of Or was performed and a model of fibrosis was induced with thioacetamide (TAA) in Wistar rats.

Sodium Selenite Diminished the Regulatory T Cell Differentiation In Vitro.

Sodium selenite modulates the activity of lymphocytes. It negatively regulates the suppressive activity of cells and increases the immune response. In this study, we evaluated whether the regulatory T cell differentiation was modulated by sodium selenite.

Protective Effect of Curcumin against Doxazosin- and Carvedilol-Induced Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells.

Doxazosin and carvedilol have been evaluated as an alternative treatment against chronic liver lesions and for their possible role during the regeneration of damage caused by liver fibrosis in a hamster model. However, these drugs have been reported to induce morphological changes in hepatocytes, affecting the recovery of liver parenchyma. The effects of these /𝛽 adrenoblockers on the viability of hepatocytes are unknown.

Antibacterial activity of supernatants of Lactoccocus lactis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Pediococcus pentosaceus and curcumin against Aeromonas hydrophila. In vitro study.

Secretions of beneficial intestinal bacteria can inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of a wide range of microorganisms. Curcumin has shown broad spectrum antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial potential. It is important to evaluate the influence of these secretions with bioactive peptides, in combination with curcumin, to limit growth and inhibit biofilm formation of pathogenic bacteria of importance in aquaculture.

α-1 Adrenergic receptor antagonist doxazosin reverses hepatic stellate cells activation via induction of senescence.

Background: Activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) are the main effector cells during liver fibrogenesis. α-1 adrenergic antagonist doxazosin (DX) was shown to be anti-fibrotic in an in vivo model of liver fibrosis (LF), but the mechanism remains to be elucidated. Recent studies suggest that reversion of LF can be achieved by inducing cellular senescence characterized by irreversible cell-cycle arrest and acquisition of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).

Recovery from Liver Failure and Fibrosis in a Rat Portacaval Anastomosis Model after Neurointermediate Pituitary Lobectomy.

Liver diseases, including cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, account for approximately two million annual deaths worldwide. They place a huge burden on the global healthcare systems, compelling researchers to find effective treatment for liver fibrosis-cirrhosis. Portacaval anastomosis (PCA) is a model of liver damage and fibrosis.

The Role of Macrophages in the Host's Defense against .

The role of immune cells associated with sporotrichosis caused by is not yet fully clarified. Macrophages through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) can recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of , engulf it, activate respiratory burst, and secrete pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory biological mediators to control infection. It is important to consider that the characteristics associated with and/or the host may influence macrophage polarization (M1/M2), cell recruitment, and the type of immune response (1, 2, and 17).

Evaluation of the PEIII-LC3-KDEL3 Chimeric Protein of Lectin as a Vaccine Candidate against Amebic Liver Abscess.

is an intestinal parasite that causes dysentery and amebic liver abscess. has the capability to invade host tissue by union of virulence factor Gal/GalNAc lectin; this molecule induces an adherence-inhibitory antibody response as well as to protect against amebic liver abscess (ALA). The present work showed the effect of the immunization with PEIII-LC3-KDEL3 recombinant protein.

Modulating effects of the probiotic on the hepatic fibrotic process induced by CCl in Wistar rats.

Hepatic cirrhosis is a chronic disease that affects one fifth of the World's population and is the third leading cause of death in Mexico. Attempts have been made to develop treatments for this hepatic cirrhosis, which include manipulating the intestinal microbiota and thus decreasing the early inflammatory response. The microbiota is reportedly altered in patients with cirrhosis.

Acetylcholine Upregulates Virulence Factors, Enhancing Parasite Pathogenicity in Experimental Liver Amebiasis.

is an invasive enteric protozoan, whose infections are associated to high morbidity and mortality rates. However, only less than 10% of infected patients develop invasive amebiasis. The ability of to adapt to the intestinal microenvironment could be determinant in triggering pathogenic behavior.

Case report: multiple and atypical amoebic cerebral abscesses resistant to treatment.

Background: The parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the causal agent of amoebiasis, a worldwide emerging disease. Amebic brain abscess is a form of invasive amebiasis that is both rare and frequently lethal. This condition always begins with the infection of the colon by E.

Growth hormone ameliorates high glucose-induced steatosis on in vitro cultured human HepG2 hepatocytes by inhibiting de novo lipogenesis via ChREBP and FAS suppression.

Objective: Growth hormone (GH) deficiency has been associated with increased steatosis but the molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. We investigated the effect of GH on lipid accumulation of HepG2 cells cultured on an in vitro steatosis model and examined the potential involvement of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) as well as lipogenic and lipolytic molecules.

Methods: Control and steatosis conditions were induced by culturing HepG2 cells with 5.

Immunological markers and in patients with stomach cancer: Expression and correlation.

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and ICOS-L (also referred to as B7 homolog 1 and 2, respectively) modulate the immune inflammatory response. The aim of the present study was to examine the expression levels of these inflammatory mediators in two groups of patients with an () infection; patients with and without gastric cancer. The association between bacterial virulence factors, CagA and VacA, was also examined, as well as their correlation with the inflammatory profile.

Experimental keratitis in rats caused by Acanthamoeba griffini: A kinetic histopathological study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the inflammation process that resulted from the inoculation of Wistar Rats with Acanthamoeba griffini, a virulent T3 Acanthamoeba genotype that produces keratitis. Haematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid stain, immunohistochemistry and morphometry were used to analyse tissues from rats of an Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) model. Two weeks after inoculating the rats with A griffini trophozoites, the thickness of the stroma had diminished, followed by an increase in thickness at 4 weeks.

Anterior subdiaphragmatic vagotomy decreases the IgA antibody response in the small intestines of BALB/c mice.

To assess the impact of vagotomy on the IgA-response, male BALB/c mice underwent anterior vagotomy or a sham procedure were sacrificed on day 14 post-operation and the proximal and distal small-gut segments were dissected. In intestinal lavages IgA/IgM antibodies were analysed by ELISA; in Peyer's-patches and lamina-propria cell suspensions the intracellular IgA-associated interleukins (ILs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in CD4 T cells were analysed by cytofluorometry. Vagotomy reduced the IgA or increased the IgM antibody concentration in both segments and reduced or increased the lamina- propria CD4 T cell pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in the distal or proximal segments, respectively.