Perception of Learning Environment Among Anaesthesiology Residents During the Pandemic in a Tertiary Hospital in India: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: The coronavirus disease pandemic has affected the postgraduate educational system infusing online teaching resulting in a blended teaching-learning experience especially in the field of anaesthesiology. Hence, we conducted this study to evaluate the effect of the introduc- tion of blended learning methods on students' perception of the learning environment among different years of anaesthesia residency training.

Methods: We invited 44 residents belonging to 3 years (Y1, Y2, and Y3) of anaesthesia residency to complete the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure questionnaire.

Comparison of Success Rates of Different Methods of Ultrasound-Guided Radial Artery Cannulation (Short-Axis and Long-Axis Methods) Against the Traditional Palpatory Method: A Prospective Randomized Study.

Objective: Recent meta-analysis comparing the success rates of various methods of arterial cannulation in adult patients found heterogeneity in the available data. Hence, we did this study to evaluate and compare the success rate of palpatory method with that of ultrasound guided methods of radial artery cannulation. The aim is to compare the first-attempt success rate of the palpatory method with that of ultrasound-guided radial artery cannulation techniques, namely, the short-axis out-of-plane and the long-axis in-plane methods.

Airway management using LMA-evaluation of three insertional techniques-a prospective randomised study.

Background And Aims: Laryngeal Mask Airway [LMA] insertion has become as a basic procedural skill needed for all health care providers. Search for the most successful insertion technique continues. We evaluated the success rate of the three LMA insertion techniques- standard, 90 degree rotational and 180 degree rotational technique.

-Naphthoflavone-Induced Mitochondrial Respiratory Damage in Cyp1 Knockout Mouse and in Cell Culture Systems: Attenuation by Resveratrol Treatment.

A number of xenobiotic-inducible cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are now known to be localized in the mitochondrial compartment, though their pharmacological or toxicological roles remain unclear. Here, we show that BNF treatment markedly inhibits liver mitochondrial O consumption rate (OCR), ADP-dependent OCR, and also reserve OCR, in wild-type mice but not in double knockout mice. BNF treatment markedly affected mitochondrial complex I and complex IV activities and also attenuated mitochondrial gene expression.

Ultrasound assessment of subglottic region for estimation of appropriate endotracheal tube size in pediatric anesthesia.

Background And Aims: Endotracheal tube (ETT) selection in pediatric patients is mainly done with the age, height, or weight-based formula. We compared ultrasound assessment of the subglottic area to predict the outer diameter of the ETT, with that of modified Cole's formula. The aim of the study is to compare the appropriateness of uncuffed ETT selection based on modified Cole's formula with that of ultrasound assessment method of subglottic diameter in children undergoing surgical procedures under general anesthesia.

Randomized controlled study comparing the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation with McCoy, Macintosh, and C-MAC laryngoscopes in adult patients.

Background And Aims: Earlier studies have shown that the type of laryngoscope blade influences the degree of hemodynamic response to endotracheal intubation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the hemodynamic response to oral endotracheal intubation with C-MAC laryngoscopy and McCoy laryngoscopy compared to that of Macintosh laryngoscopy in adult patients under general anesthesia.

Material And Methods: This is a prospective randomized parallel group study.

Evaluation of clonidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in wound infiltration for providing postoperative analgesia after abdominal hysterectomy.

Background: Clonidine is an effective adjuvant to local anesthetics in peripheral nerve blocks. We studied the effect of clonidine as an adjuvant in wound infiltration for postoperative analgesia.

Aim: To evaluate the role of clonidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in wound infiltration in terms of quality and duration of postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy.

Prospective randomized study to compare between intravenous dexmedetomidine and esmolol for attenuation of hemodynamic response to endotracheal intubation.

Background: Esmolol has an established role in attenuation of hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. We studied the effect of dexmedetomidine compared to that of esmolol in this study.

Aim: To study the role of dexmedetomidine in attenuation of hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and oral endotracheal intubation compared to that of esmolol hydrochloride in patients posted for elective surgery under general anesthesia.

Evaluation of skin temperature over carotid artery for temperature monitoring in comparison to nasopharyngeal temperature in adults under general anesthesia.

Background: Thermoregulation is markedly affected in patients undergoing surgical procedures under anesthesia. Monitoring of temperature is very important during such conditions. Skin temperature is one of the easy and noninvasive ways of temperature monitoring.

Ultrasound evaluation of effect of different degree of wrist extension on radial artery dimension at the wrist joint.

Context: Successful arterial cannulation requires wide and patent arterial lumen. A recent study has shown that success rate of radial arterial cannulation at first attempt is more at 45° angle of wrist extension in both young and elderly patients. No study has reasoned whether these high success rates at 45° is because of less compression of the radial artery at this particular angle of wrist extension.

Midazolam as an adjuvant to intrathecal lignocaine: A prospective randomized control study.

Context: Unfortunately in the past decade, phenomenon of transient neurologic symptoms (TNS) cast doubts on the use of lignocaine for spinal anesthesia. Intrathecal midazolam has been proved to have its role in relieving neuropathic pain. We attempted to study the role of midazolam as an adjuvant to intrathecal lignocaine.

Hypopituitarism: A rare sequel of cerebral malaria - Presenting as delayed awakening from general anesthesia.

We report a case of delayed emergence from anesthesia in a 37-year-old male who came for emergency laparoscopic appendicectomy. This patient is hailing from one of the endemic zones of Malaria, Orissa State in India. Two months ago he had cerebral malaria and was treated in our intensive care unit.

Additive effects of mitochondrion-targeted cytochrome CYP2E1 and alcohol toxicity on cytochrome c oxidase function and stability of respirosome complexes.

Alcohol treatment induces oxidative stress by a combination of increased production of partially reduced oxygen species and decreased cellular antioxidant pool, including GSH. Recently, we showed that mitochondrion-targeted CYP2E1 augments alcohol-mediated toxicity, causing an increase in reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress. Here, we show that cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), the terminal oxidase of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, is a critical target of CYP2E1-mediated alcohol toxicity.

Mitochondria-targeted cytochrome P450 2E1 induces oxidative damage and augments alcohol-mediated oxidative stress.

The ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is also induced under different pathological and physiological conditions. Studies including ours have shown that CYP2E1 is bimodally targeted to both the endoplasmic reticulum (microsomes) (mc CYP2E1) and mitochondria (mt CYP2E1). In this study we investigated the role of mtCYP2E1 in ethanol-mediated oxidative stress in stable cell lines expressing predominantly mt CYP2E1 or mc CYP2E1.

Myofibril membranes in relation to the neuromuscular weakness of acute monocrotophos poisoning.

Organophosphate poisoning is a common method of deliberate self-harm in countries where the pesticides are readily available. The severity of neuroparalysis and myopathy occurring in acute organophosphate poisoned patients is determined by the severity of poisoning and is associated with morbidity and mortality. Molecular mechanisms that underlie severe paralysis are not well delineated but are essential to know to improve treatment.