Intravitreal bevacizumab for subfoveal idiopathic choroidal neovascularization.

Objectives: To evaluate the short-term visual and anatomical outcomes and safety of intravitreal bevacizumab in subfoveal idiopathic choroidal neovascularization.

Methods: Thirty-two eyes of 32 patients with idiopathic choroidal neovascularization received intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis and central retinal vein occlusion as the initial manifestation of HIV infection.

Purpose: To report a case of peripheral ulcerative keratitis and central vein occlusion as the initial manifestation of HIV infection.

Method: Case report.

Result: A 46-year-old male presented with history of pain, redness, and diminished vision of left eye.

Natural history of sub-retinal triamcinolone acetonide deposition after triamcinolone-assisted vitrectomy.

Purpose: To describe the natural course of subretinal triamcinolone acetonide (TA) deposition after a TA-assisted vitrectomy for retinal detachment.

Methods: Observational case series.

Results: TA deposition was observed between the neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium in the macular area at the conclusion of vitreoretinal surgery in three patients with retinal detachment.

Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome in India.

The authors report a case series of presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS) from India. Patients with progressive diminution of vision and having subretinal neovascularisation (SRNVM) were evaluated thoroughly to look for signs of POHS. Three patients had features suggestive of POHS, which to the best of the authors' knowledge is the first case series reported from India.

Bilateral lens subluxation in a case of lipoid proteinosis.

We report a patient who presented with pain, redness, and diminution of vision in the right eye and low vision in the left eye. Ophthalmologic examination showed characteristic eyelid lesions, anterior dislocation of the crystalline lens in the right eye, and nasal subluxation in the left eye. The patient's voice was hoarse, and he had skin lesions.

Regression of choroidal metastasis from breast carcinoma following Letrozole therapy.

Metastasis to the choroid from primary tumours elsewhere in the body is not an infrequent occurrence. Management of such metastasis may involve modalities such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, photocoagulation and surgical resection. The role of hormonal therapy is poorly defined in the management of these tumours.

Optical coherence tomographic characteristics in morning glory disc anomaly.

Case Report: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirms increased optic nerve head dimensions in morning glory anomaly, and provides evidence of increased retinal nerve fibre layer thickness and reduced macular thickness.

Comments: This first report of quantitative data from OCT may provide more useful information to corroborate clinical diagnosis of this rare congenital disorder.

Proliferative vascular retinopathy in polymyositis and dermatomyositis with scleroderma (overlap syndrome).

Aim: To report the occurrence of proliferative vascular retinopathy in two patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis.

Method: Review of case records.

Results: One patient presented, six years after the diagnosis of polymyositis, with obliteration of the superior retinal vessels and associated neovascularization of the disc.

Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) for subretinal neovascularization secondary to type 2A idiopathic juxtafoveal telangiectasia.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) in the treatment of subretinal neovascularization (SRNV) secondary to type 2A idiopathic juxtafoveal telangiectasia (IJT).

Methods: Intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.

Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis: report of a case from the Indian subcontinent and the importance of immediate photocoagulation.

Purpose: To report a case of DUSN from the Indian subcontinent and emphasize the importance of immediate photocoagulation.

Method: Review of case record.

Result: The referring ophthalmologist had photographed the subretinal worm but had not undertaken laser photocoagulation.

Large retinal defect associated with myelinated nerve fibers.

We report the unusual association of a large retinal defect with extensive myelinated nerve fibers. The defect was situated in the superior portion of the myelination and choroidal vasculature was visible through it. The defect has remained unchanged during 6 years of follow-up and has not led to any retinal detachment.

Optical coherence tomography findings in commotio retina.

A 16-year-old boy presented with diminished visual acuity of 6/60 following blunt trauma to his right eye with a cricket ball. Fundus examination showed commotio retinae. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) demonstrated increased reflectivity with small optically clear spaces in the area corresponding to the photoreceptor outer segment.

Prospective optical coherence tomographic evaluation of the efficacy of oral and posterior subtenon corticosteroids in patients with intermediate uveitis.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the efficacy of oral corticosteroids and posterior subtenon injection in the treatment of macular edema in patients with intermediate uveitis using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Twenty-two patients with intermediate uveitis were treated with posterior subtenon injection when the disease was unilateral (group A, n=11) or with oral steroids when the disease was bilateral (group B, n=11). Changes in macular thickness from baseline was determined using OCT in both groups at day 0, day 3, day 14, 6 weeks and 12 weeks.

Sympathetic-parasympathetic activity and reactivity in central serous chorioretinopathy: a case-control study.

Purpose: This case-control study was conducted to evaluate autonomic function activity and reactivity in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), because stress and type A personality, known risk factors, are also related to autonomic nervous system activity.

Methods: Patients with CSCR were selected from the outpatient department and medical retina services in one center. Control subjects were chosen from the healthy subjects of similar age group.

Topography and fluorescein angiography of the optic nerve head in primary open-angle and chronic primary angle closure glaucoma.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to correlate optic nerve head topography with fluorescein angiography of the optic nerve head in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), chronic primary angle closure glaucoma (CPACG), and normal controls.

Methods: This was an institution-based, cross-sectional, case-control study of 30 consecutive patients each with POAG or CPACG, which were compared with 30 age- and sex-matched controls. The fluorescein angiograms undertaken in one eye of each of the 90 subjects were then analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Primary vascular occlusion in IRVAN (idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, neuroretinitis) syndrome.

IRVAN is a rare retinal vascular disease characterized by the presence of aneurysmal dilations along the retinal arteriolar tree. Visual loss occurs from sequelae to proliferative changes or due to severe macular exudation and rarely from secondary vascular occlusion following laser photocoagulation of the aneurysms. We herein report a patient with a primary vascular occlusion in a patient with IRVAN and suggest that such patients may already have a natural predisposition to develop a vascular occlusion.

Ultrasound biomicroscopy findings of 25 G Transconjuctival Sutureless (TSV) and conventional (20G) pars plana sclerotomy in the same patient.

Background: Transconjunctival Sutureless Vitrectomy (TSV) is a recent advancement in vitreo-retinal surgical techniques involving the use of 25 G instruments through self-sealing sclerotomies. It has been hypothesized that there may be less chance of vitreous and retinal herniation in the scleral wound as compared to conventional sclerotomy incision. However there are no reports on differences in 20 gauge and 25 gauge sclerotomies using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM).

Prehypertension may be common in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To test an observational hypothesis that patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) may have a tendency towards hypertension compared with normal individuals.

Methods: In this case-control study we evaluated resting blood pressure in 32 patients with CSCR and compared it with that in 32 healthy controls in a standard laboratory environment. Differences in resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured.

Induction of posterior vitreous separation using LASIK suction ring may have a potential role in the management of diabetic macular edema.

A significant percentage of patients with diabetic macular edema respond poorly to conventional laser photocoagulation. One associated factor in such patients with refractory diabetic macular edema is the absence of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). Several invasive methods, such as surgical induction of PVD result in resolution of macular edema and improvement in visual acuity.

Unusual cause for non-detection of retained metallic foreign body on ocular ultrasonography.

Ultrasound biomicroscopy has become a valuable adjunct in the evaluation of occult ocular foreign bodies. An unusual cause for non-detection of a metallic retained intraocular foreign body is described. In this case, the usual 'shadowing' was not discernible as the foreign body was lying just over the optic disc.

Diabetic retinopathy for general practitioners.

The most significant complication of diabetes mellitus involves the eye and which develops 85% of all diabetics eventually to retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is the commonest cause of blindness between 4th and 7th decades. It is essentially a microangiopathy with two distinct stages during its evolution, the preclinical and clinical stages.