Surgeon's perceptions and preferences in the management of idiopathic macular hole.

Purpose: The management of idiopathic macular holes (iMH) has evolved over time with various modifications in surgical approach. The study aimed to survey the surgeons' preferences in the management of iMH in current times.

Design: Cross-sectional descriptive survey.

Intraoperative aberrometry-assisted refractive optimization of SFIOL.

Scleral-fixated intraocular lens (SFIOL) is a widely used technique for IOL implantation in patients where capsular support is insufficient. Most surgeons have shifted away from sutured to sutureless SFIOL techniques where haptics of a multifocal IOL are inserted in scleral tunnels/flaps. Large-scale publications have shown wide variation in the refractive status of eyes post-SFIOL even in the best of the hands.

Evaluation of peripheral retinal degenerations using ultra-widefield swept source optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To describe the features of peripheral retinal degenerations using an Ultra-Widefield (UWF) Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT).

Method: In this cross-sectional study done at a tertiary eye care centre in Northern India, peripheral retinal degenerations such as lattices, snail track lesion, paving stone, White With-Out Pressure(WWOP), micro-cystoid lesions, retinoschisis and other suspicious lesions were identified with clinical examination. Following clinical examination, these eyes with peripheral retinal degenerations underwent UWF OCT.

Disease Damage in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and predictors of disease-related damage in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in a resource-limited setting.

Methods: A single-centre study was conducted from January 2021 - December 2022. Children (≤ 18 y) diagnosed with JIA as per International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) criteria, with a disease duration of more than one year, were enrolled for this study.

Ultra-wide field indocyanine green angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To study ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) patterns in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken on 30 patients aged 20 to 60 years with CSC at the retina clinic of a tertiary care center. Of them, 43 eyes were affected by CSC, whereas 17 eyes were unaffected as the bilateral disease was observed in 13 patients.

EVALUATION OF PRONE VERSUS SUPINE POSITIONING IN FRESH RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT TREATED WITH PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY AND GAS.

Purpose: To compare Supine versus Prone positioning in fresh rhegmatogenous retinal detachments treated with vitrectomy and gas tamponade.

Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled trial of 72 eyes with fresh rhegmatogenous retinal detachment that underwent 25-gauge vitrectomy: 37 eyes were allotted supine position and 35 were allotted prone position. Cases were evaluated for single-surgery reattachment rates, best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, cataract formation, and any complications.

Harnessing the medical undergraduate human resource for screening of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To assess whether medical undergraduates can be trained to effectively screen diabetic retinopathy (DR) by statistical comparison with a retina specialist at a tertiary eye care center in India.

Methods: Three final-year undergraduate medical students, having completed ophthalmology department rotation, received training from a retina specialist for grading DR, following which they were asked to grade a set of 50 fundus photographs centered on the macula with a view of 50° as sight-threatening DR (STDR), diabetic macular edema, and grade of DR. Agreement among the undergraduates and retina specialist was determined with the help of Cohen's Kappa coefficient.

First contact investigations and compliance to treatment in patients with uveitis.

Aim: To ascertain the pattern of investigations at first contact in uveitic patients and evaluate compliance to treatment.

Methods: An observational study comprised of 201 uveitic patients presenting for the first time to our centre from January 2019 to June 2020. Detailed information regarding systemic investigations undertaken by specialists at the time of first contact and the cost of these investigations were reviewed on the first visit to our centre.

NOVEL RETINAL IMAGING ABNORMALITIES IN ALPORT SYNDROME.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report a novel observation during retinal screening of a child with Alport syndrome.

Methods: This was a review of case record and imaging files.

Results: Clinical examination of the retina and standard color fundus photography revealed no abnormality.

Waxing and waning pattern of choroidal detachment post scleral buckle.

Purpose: Description of evolving and resolving pattern of choroidal mounds at different quadrants post scleral buckle surgery in a myopic patient.

Methods: A 48-year-old male with axial length of 32mm underwent scleral buckling for subtotal fresh retinal detachment with 360-degree multiple lattices with superior horse shoe tear. A posterior buckle was placed superiorly traversing 180-degree, 14 mm beyond muscle insertion.

Topographic distribution of retinal neovascularization in proliferative diabetic retinopathy using ultra-wide field angiography.

Purpose: To analyze the topographic distribution of neovascularization (NV) and capillary nonperfusion (CNP) using ultra-wide field fluorescein angiography (UWFFA) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, observational study in which all patients who presented between March 2019 and December 2020 and satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited. In our study, patients with treatment-naïve PDR without any fibrovascular proliferation underwent UWFFA.

ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY AND ADEQUACY OF PANRETINAL PHOTOCOAGULATION IN PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY USING ULTRA-WIDEFIELD IMAGING.

Purpose: To assess the characteristics of completed panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), using ultra-widefield imaging in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: Quantitative assessment of ultra-widefield imaging images of 133 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy with completed PRP was made using ImageJ software. The parameters assessed included distance of laser spots from the optic disk, foveal center, superior and inferior arcades, and extent of the maximum width of laser.

Simplifying biometry in oil-filled eyes: A novel formula for axial length calculation in eyes with 1000 cSt silicone oil.

Purpose: To derive a formula for accurate axial length (AL) assessment using routine ultrasound in silicone oil-filled eyes, where optical biometry is unavailable or not possible.

Methods: This was a prospective, consecutive, nonrandomized study of 50 eyes of 50 patients conducted in a tertiary care hospital in North India. AL measurements were taken using both manual A-scan and IOL master, both in silicone oil-filled status and 3 weeks after silicone oil removal.