Cardiorenal syndrome type 4: A study of cardiovascular diseases in chronic kidney disease.

Introduction: The heart and the kidneys are tightly interlinked with each other. So, primary disorder of one of these organs often results in the secondary dysfunction of other. Such interactions play a vital role in the pathogenesis of a clinical entity called cardio-renal syndrome (CRS).

Acute kidney injury in a patient with membranous nephropathy - a case report.

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is one of the most challenging problems faced by clinicians in the tropics owing to its fast-changing burden. Acute Kidney Injury is an important complication of membranous nephropathy. Causes are varied and include hypovolumia, crescentic conversion of preexisting nephropathy, renal vein thrombosis, NSAID'S, vasculitis, and sepsis.

Hepatitis C virus related lymphoproliferative disorder in a renal transplant recipient.

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are commonly caused by Ebstein-Barr Virus infection. The role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the genesis of lymphomas has been recognized recently. We report a HCV infected renal transplant recipient who developed PTLD 11 months after transplantation.

Rapidly progressive renal failure in type 2 diabetes in the tropical environment: a clinico-pathological study.

Background: Rapid decline of renal function in a diabetic suggests the presence of a nondiabetic kidney disease (NDKD). We designed a prospective study to evaluate the factors associated with a rapid decline in renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Over a 2 and a half year period, all patients with type 2 diabetes who presented with documented doubling of serum creatinine in less than 4 weeks or recently diagnosed advanced renal failure were identified.

Intravenous immunoglobulin: a safe option for treatment of steroid-resistant rejection in the presence of infection.

Management of recurrent allograft rejection is a risky proposition, especially in the presence of infections. Both steroids and antibody therapy worsen the infection risk. We successfully treated steroid-resistant rejection with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in two patients who had concomitant infections.