Age estimation by pulp-to-tooth area ratio using cone-beam computed tomography: A preliminary analysis.

Background: Age estimation of living or deceased individuals is an important aspect of forensic sciences. Conventionally, pulp-to-tooth area ratio (PTR) measured from periapical radiographs have been utilized as a nondestructive method of age estimation. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a new method to acquire three-dimensional images of the teeth in living individuals.

Quantification of telomerase activity in normal oral mucosal tissue and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background And Objective: The role of telomeres and telomerase in oral cancer is an area of much recent interest. The understanding of the role of telomere biology, the end replication problem leading to genomic instability and the reactivation of telomerase, is absolutely critical to our understanding of oral cancer, and more so, to our ability of early diagnosis and developing novel therapies and cancer prevention approaches. The aim of the present study was to quantify telomerase activity (TA) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal oral mucosa and assess the role of telomerase as diagnostic and prognostic marker of oral malignancy.

Familial florid Cemento-osseous dysplasia - case report and review of literature.

Familial Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia is a very uncommon condition. Cemento-osseous dysplasia is totally asymptomatic in many cases, in those conditions, lesions are detected in a radiograph taken for other purposes. In this report, we describe a family in which mother and daughter exhibited clinical, radiographic, and histologic features of florid cemento-osseous dysplasia.

Secondary Metastasis to the Mandible From Breast Carcinoma -A Rare Case Report.

Regardless of the rare occurrence of metastatic lesions to the jaw, it should be taken into consideration in the individuals with a history of malignancy. Early detection requires accurate examination, and microscopic evaluation is essential. In this paper we report a case of breast carcinoma to the mandible as female breast cancer is the most frequent metastatic lesion to the mandible and its metastasis is well documented.

Heat shock protein (HSP70) as a marker of epithelial dysplasia in oral dysplastic lesions: A clinicopathological study.

Objective: In the present study, expression of heat shock protein (HSP70) was evaluated and compared in oral dysplastic lesions, in particular leukoplakia (study group) and in normal mucosal tissues (control group). Additionally, correlation of HSP70 expression with clinical disease status was investigated.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 60 fresh tissue specimens were obtained from the oral cavity, consisting of 30 dysplastic cases and 30 normal mucosal tissues.

Kabuki Make-up Syndrome - A Case Report with Electromyographic study.

Kabuki make-up syndrome (KMS), also called Niikawa-Kuroki syndrome reported in 1981, is a rare congenital disorder of unknown aetiology. It is know to occur in many other ethnic groups, though initially described in Japan. We report a 24-year-old girl of Asian origin diagnosed with Kabuki syndrome based on characteristic clinical features.

A case of Robinow-Sorauf syndrome (Craniosynostosis-Bifid Hallux Syndrome): The allelic variant of the Saethre-Chotzen syndrome.

The clinical classification of Robinow-Sorauf syndrome has changed over the last few decades. Robinow-Sorauf syndrome is characterized by facies similar to those of Saethre-Chotzen syndrome with bifid or partially duplicated halluces. The current outlook is that the 'Robinow-Sorauf' families are examples of variable expression of the TWIST mutant phenotype and that the 'Robinow-Sorauf' syndrome lies within the spectrum of the Saethre-Chotzen syndrome.

Assessment of condylar changes in patients with temporomandibular joint pain using digital volumetric tomography.

Objective. To evaluate the efficiency of DVT in comparison with OPG in the assessment of bony condylar changes in patients of TMJ pain. Methods.

Molecular screening of lysyl oxidase G473A polymorphism in oral submucous fibrosis.

Aim: To investigate the presence of lysyl oxidase (LOX) G473A polymorphism in group 1 {Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) patients}, group 2 (betel quid chewers without OSMF) and group 3 (healthy individuals).

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 patients were taken for the study, which included 20 OSMF patients (group 1), 20 betel quid chewers without OSMF (group 2) and 20 healthy individuals without OSMF and betel quid chewing habit (group 3). DNA was isolated using Qiagen kit.

Oral leukoplakia - is biopsy at the initial appointment a must?

Background: Oral leukoplakia is a potentially malignant disorder of the oral cavity. Leukoplakias with chances of undergoing malignant transformation owing to the presence of dysplastic changes may not be clinically distinguishable from leukoplakias without dysplasia. The study was carried out to evaluate the usefulness of biopsy in assessing the clinico-pathologic correlations of oral leukoplakia at the patient's initial visit.

Hurler syndrome: orofacial, dental, and skeletal findings of a case.

Hurler syndrome is a disorder of mucopolysaccharide metabolism caused due to inherited deficiencies of lysosomal α-l-iduronidase activity. We present a case of a 15-year-old male patient presenting with clinical and laboratory characteristics of the syndrome. A rare combination of skeletal, ophthalmologic, and dental findings was observed in this patient.

Pleomorphic adenoma of submandibular gland: A case report with review of literature.

Neoplasms that arise in the salivary glands are relatively rare, yet they represent a wide variety of both benign and malignant histologic subtypes. Approximately 70% of the salivary gland tumors affect parotid gland with the submandibular gland being affected in 5-10% of the cases, sublingual gland in 1% and minor glands in 5-15% of the cases. Submandibular gland tumors are relatively rare and very few studies have been reported in the literature that is exclusively conducted on tumors affecting submandibular gland.

Anatomy and morphology of the nasopalatine canal using cone-beam computed tomography.

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the general anatomy and morphology of the nasopalatine canal using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to determine the human anatomic variability of the nasopalatine canal in relation to age and gender.

Materials And Methods: The study included 100 subjects aged between 20 and 86 years who were divided into the following 3 groups: 1) 20-34 years old; 2) 35-49 years old; 3) ≥50 years old. The subjects were equally distributed between the genders.

Accuracy of identifying juvenile/adult status from third molar development using prediction probabilities derived from logistic regression analysis.

The use of third molars in predicting juvenile/adult status ( View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Disseminated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as bilateral salivary gland enlargement: a case report.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) constitutes a group of malignancies those arises from cellular components of lymphoid or extranodal tissues. The head and neck is the most common area for the presentation of these lymphoproliferative disorders. Primary involvement of salivary glands is uncommon.

The usefulness of Belgian formulae in third molar-based age assessment of Indians.

The third molars are one of few useful predictors for assessing the degree of maturity in adolescence and young adulthood. It has application in age estimation in the age group of 14-23 years, in general, and in juvenile/adult status prediction, in particular. Using a 10-stage grading of third molars, Gunst et al.

Are frontal sinuses useful indicators of sex?

Accurate sex prediction of skeletonised human remains excludes one-half of the population, enabling a more focussed search of missing persons' files. The skull is useful in sex assessment of skeletonised remains; however, its fragmentation precludes the use of all conventional craniofacial markers. The frontal bone may be recovered intact in fragmented remains and the sinuses therein may be useful in sex differentiation.

Comparison of radiovisiography and digital volume tomography to direct surgical measurements in the detection of infrabony defects.

Objectives: To compare the linear measurements of Radiovisiography (RVG) and Digital volume tomography (DVT) to direct surgical measurements in the detection of periodontal infrabony defects.

Study Design: RVG and DVT images were taken prior to periodontal surgery for 28 infrabony periodontal defects. After defect debridement, direct bony defect measurements were made from the cemento enamel junction (CEJ) to the base of the defect (CEJ-BD) and to the alveolar crest (CEJ-AC) with a periodontal probe.

Age estimation from pulp/tooth area ratio (PTR) in an Indian sample: A preliminary comparison of three mandibular teeth used alone and in combination.

Pulp/tooth area ratio (PTR) method of adult dental age estimation has been examined on few tooth types. We assessed the lateral incisor (LI) and first premolar (PM1) in addition to canine (C) - alone and in combination. Periapical radiographs from 61 Indians aged 21-71 years were examined.

Primary intraosseous carcinoma of mandible: a case report.

Primary de novo intraosseous carcinoma is a rare neoplastic lesion which commonly occurs in the jaws. It is an epithelial odontogenic malignancy arising from odontogenic epithelial residues in the bone rather than from a preexisting epithelial lesion. In the present case report, the clinical, radiological and histological features of primary de novo intraosseous carcinoma are discussed and its aggressiveness and local invasiveness are highlighted.

An assessment of the versatility of Kvaal's method of adult dental age estimation in Indians.

Objectives: Radiographic dental age estimation methods are viable in the living and deceased. One such method [Kvaal et al. Forensic Sci Int 1995;74:175-85] quantified secondary dentinal deposition indirectly through measurements of tooth and pulp lengths and widths.

Type III Klippel-Feil syndrome: case report and review of associated craniofacial anomalies.

Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a complex syndrome of osseous and visceral anomalies that include the classical clinical triad of short neck, limitation of head and neck movements and low posterior hairline. It may also be associated with anomalies of the genitourinary, musculoskeletal, neurologic and cardiac systems. We report a case of type III KFS with associated rib anomalies such as cervical rib, fusion and bifid ribs, scoliosis and fused crossed renal ectopia.

Malignant melanoma of the mandibular gingiva.

Oral malignant melanoma is an infrequent neoplasia making up less than 1% of all melanomas, which exhibits much more aggressive behavior than those found on the skin. We present an aggressive case of oral malignant melanoma located on the mandibular gingiva in a 24-year-old male patient, who developed metastases to not only the regional lymph nodes but also the lungs and liver. The advanced stage of the disease contraindicated any surgical intervention and palliative chemotherapy was planned.

Frequency of developmental dental anomalies in the Indian population.

Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of developmental dental anomalies in the Indian population.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted over a period of 1 year and comprised both clinical and radiographic examinations in oral medicine and radiology outpatient department. Adult patients were screened for the presence of dental anomalies with appropriate radiographs.

Congenital syngnathia: case report and review of literature.

Congenital bony fusion of the maxilla and mandible, especially as an isolated occurrence, is a very rare condition. The very few cases reported in the literature are mostly inadequate in description and confusing in nomenclature. An isolated case of syngnathia in a 60-year-old female patient with unilateral bony fusion (synostosis) of the maxilla and mandible associated with fibrous adhesions (synechiae) of the opposite site is reported.