miR-92a-3p regulates egg fertilization through ribogenesis in the invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda.

Understanding the epigenetic molecular mechanisms (EMMs) of reproduction is crucial for developing advanced and targeted control strategies for Spodoptera frugiperda. Differential expression analysis revealed 11 known miRNAs with varying expression levels, including nine upregulated and two downregulated miRNAs, in virgin females compared with males. The predictive analysis identified 426 target genes for these miRNAs, with ribogenesis highlighted as a key process in oogenesis and egg fertilization.

Duration of viral persistence in human semen after acute viral infection: a systematic review.

The persistence of viruses in human semen following acute infection can contribute to the ongoing transmission of a disease or cause resurgence after an outbreak has been declared ended. Viral persistence in semen affects embryonic development and male fertility, and the development of drugs and vaccines. We conducted a systematic review of viral persistence in semen in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Treatment principles in adults and development of patient-reported outcomes in cyclic vomiting syndrome.

Background: Cyclic vomiting syndrome is a chronic disorder of gut-brain interaction that is present in both adults and children. It is characterized by severe nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and several non-GI symptoms. It is also associated with several comorbid conditions such as anxiety and depression, which affect overall health care outcomes.

Endocannabinoid signaling in stress, nausea, and vomiting.

Background: Classical antiemetics that target the serotonin system may not be effective in treating certain nausea and vomiting conditions like cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) and cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS). As a result, there is a need for better therapies to manage the symptoms of these disorders, including nausea, vomiting, and anxiety. Cannabis is often used for its purported antiemetic and anxiolytic effects, given regulation of these processes by the endocannabinoid system (ECS).

A polyphosphazene elastomer containing 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy groups as a dielectric in electrically responsive soft actuators.

The adaptive structure and excellent actuation of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) make them promising candidates for soft robotics, haptic interfaces and artificial muscles. A wide variety of elastomers have been synthesised and investigated as dielectrics. Inorganic polymers such as polysiloxanes and polyphosphazenes have a low glass transition temperature.

Cyclic vomiting syndrome: From pathophysiology to treatment.

Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a disorder characterized by recurrent and unpredictable episodes of intense vomiting, interspersed with periods of apparent wellbeing. This disorder, which primarily affects children and adolescents but can persist into adulthood, has recently been the subject of extensive study and analysis in the medical literature. The aim of the present review is to examine the most important aspects of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, subtypes, diagnostic criteria, and current management of CVS.

AGA Clinical Practice Update on Diagnosis and Management of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome: Commentary.

Description: The purpose of this American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute Clinical Practice Update (CPU) is to review the available evidence and provide expert advice regarding the diagnosis and management of cyclic vomiting syndrome.

Methods: This CPU was commissioned and approved by the AGA Institute Clinical Practice Updates Committee (CPUC) and the AGA Governing Board to provide timely guidance on a topic of high clinical importance to the AGA membership, and underwent internal peer review by the CPUC and external peer review through standard procedures of Gastroenterology. This expert commentary incorporates important as well as recently published studies in this field, and it reflects the experiences of the authors who are experts in treating patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome.

Electromechanically Reconfigurable Terahertz Stereo Metasurfaces.

Dynamic terahertz devices are vital for the next generation of wireless communication, sensing, and non-destructive imaging technologies. Metasurfaces have emerged as a paradigm-shifting platform, offering varied functionalities, miniaturization, and simplified fabrication compared to their 3D counterparts. However, the presence of in-plane mirror symmetry and reduced degree of freedom impose fundamental limitations on achieving advanced chiral response, beamforming, and reconfiguration capabilities.

Cyclic vomiting syndrome: Future clinical and research priorities for: Special supplement/proceedings of 3rd international symposium.

Background: An increasing number of studies have explored the clinical features, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS). CVS is common in adults and children and negatively impacts patients, families, and the healthcare system. A related condition, cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS), has been a focus of interest in the lay press and published literature.

Acute and Long-Term Effects of App-Delivered Heartfulness Meditation on Psychological Outcomes and the Endocannabinoid Signaling System in Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome.

Introduction: Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a disorder of gut-brain interaction often triggered by stress. Interventions such as meditation may improve psychological outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but their efficacy and the underlying mechanism are unknown.

Methods: We conducted a 6-week single-arm pilot study to assess the effects of heartfulness meditation (HFM) in CVS using a custom-designed meditation app.

Evidence That Anemia Accelerates AS Progression Via Shear-Induced TGF-β1 Activation: Heyde's Syndrome Comes Full Circle.

The severity of aortic stenosis (AS) is associated with acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) and gastrointestinal bleeding, leading to anemia (Heyde's syndrome). We investigated how anemia is linked with AS and AVWS using the LA100 mouse model and patients with AS. Induction of anemia in LA100 mice increased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 activation, AVWS, and AS progression.

Case Report: A case of disseminated cutaneous listeriosis following appendicitis from Lao PDR.

Background: is a food-borne pathogen that is a rare cause of bacteraemia and meningitis in immunosuppressed patients, and carries a high mortality rate. Cutaneous manifestations of listeriosis are rare, and are usually associated with direct inoculation of the skin.

Case: A 41-year-old woman who initially presented to a hospital in Laos with appendicitis was diagnosed with disseminated listeriosis with cutaneous involvement.

Burkholderia pseudomallei Bacteria in Ornamental Fish Tanks, Vientiane, Laos, 2023.

In 2019, a melioidosis case in Maryland, USA, was shown to have been acquired from an ornamental fish tank contaminated with Burkholderia pseudomallei bacteria, likely derived from Southeast Asia. We investigated the presence of B. pseudomallei in ornamental fish tanks in the endemic area of Vientiane, Laos.

Breath Analysis for Lung Cancer Early Detection-A Clinical Study.

This clinical study presents a comprehensive investigation into the utility of breath analysis as a non-invasive method for the early detection of lung cancer. The study enrolled 14 lung cancer patients, 14 non-lung cancer controls with diverse medical conditions, and 3 tuberculosis (TB) patients for biomarker discovery. Matching criteria including age, gender, smoking history, and comorbidities were strictly followed to ensure reliable comparisons.

Epidemiology, Comorbidities, and Treatment of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome in the United States.

Introduction: Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) imposes a substantial burden, but epidemiological data are scarce. This study aimed to estimate the incidence and prevalence of CVS, comorbid conditions, and treatment patterns, using administrative databases in the United States.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used claims data from Merative MarketScan Commercial/Medicare Supplemental and Medicaid databases in all health care settings.

Identifying Luminescent Boron Vacancies in h-BN Generated Using Controlled He Ion Irradiation.

The defect emission from h-BN at 1.55 eV is interesting as it enables optical readout of spins. It is necessary to identify the nature of the relevant point defects for its controlled introduction.

National Trends in Preterm Infant Mortality in the United States by Race and Socioeconomic Status, 1995-2020.

Importance: Inequalities in preterm infant mortality exist between population subgroups within the United States.

Objective: To characterize trends in preterm infant mortality by maternal race and socioeconomic status to assess how inequalities in preterm mortality rates have changed over time.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a retrospective longitudinal descriptive study using the US National Center for Health Statistics birth infant/death data set for 12 256 303 preterm infant births over 26 years, between 1995 and 2020.

Percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation improves comorbidities in children with cyclic vomiting syndrome.

Introduction: Children with cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) frequently suffer from disabling abdominal pain and comorbidities that impair quality of life. A noninvasive, auricular percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation (PENFS) device is shown to be effective for abdominal pain in children with disorders of gut-brain interaction. We aimed to determine the effects of PENFS on pain, common comorbidities, and quality of life in pediatric CVS.