Optimal placement of distributed generation based on DISCO's financial benefit with loss and emission reduction using hybrid Jaya-Red Deer optimizer.

The optimal location of distributed generation (DG) is a critical challenge for distribution firms in order to keep the distribution network running smoothly. The optimal placement of DG units is an optimization challenge in which the objective function is to maximize distribution firms' financial benefit owing to reduced active power losses and emissions in the network. Bus voltage limits and feeder thermal limits are considered as constraints.