In silico and in vitro studies for the identification of small molecular inhibitors from Euphorbia hirta Linn for rheumatoid arthritis: targeting TNF-α-mediated inflammation.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that is now potentially lethal and has a significant detrimental influence on people's daily lives by affecting bone joints. Inflammation plays a vital role in this type of autoimmune disorder. In rheumatoid arthritis, long-term production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) stimulates the immune system against cells in bone joints and helps to develop the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.

contraceptive activities, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, MM-PBSA, non-covalent interaction and DFT studies of bioactive compounds from . Linn., leaves.

Bioactive molecules from natural sources having contraceptive properties were excellent alternatives for modern hormonal contraceptives. Researchers around the world were working on identifying contraceptive leads targeting the male reproductive system rather than the usual female contraceptives. The lack of proper understanding on male contraceptive protein drug targets leads to insufficient evidence on activities of identified contraceptive compounds.

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Parameters and Antioxidant Status in Coronary Artery Disease Patients.

A surge in oxidative stress and weakened antioxidant defense contributes to the initiation and progression of Coronary Artery Diseases (CAD). The resultant burst in free radicals causes oxidation of lipoproteins mainly oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Further studies need to be conducted to find whether the management of CAD can be evaluated within the context of oxidant/antioxidant balance with the contribution of newer markers.

RGO nanosheet wrapped β-phase NiCuS nanorods for advanced supercapacitor applications.

A new integration strategy of transition metal sulfide with carbon-based materials is used to boost its catalytic property and electrochemical performances in supercapacitor application. Herein, crystalline reduced graphene oxide (rGO) wrapped ternary metal sulfide nanorod composites with different rGO ratios are synthesized using hydrothermal technique and are compared for their physical, chemical, and electrochemical performances. It is found that their properties are tuned by the weight ratios of rGO.

Biomimetic development of chitosan and sodium alginate-based nanocomposites contains zirconia for tissue engineering applications.

Nanostructured materials possess unique structural and functional properties that play a crucial position in tissue engineering applications. Present investigation is aimed to synthesize chitosan-sodium alginate (CS) nanocomposite using hydrothermally prepared zirconia nanoparticles. In this, three different weight percentages of (0.

Towards optimal toe-clearance in synthesizing polycentric prosthetic knee mechanism.

Stability at the stance phase and near normal able-bodied swing phase kinematics are essential in designing the prosthetic knee mechanism for transfemoral amputees. Primarily, insufficient mid swing toe clearance results in asymmetrical gait patterns, leading to muscular-skeletal pain and joint degeneration. The present work is focused on synthesizing a polycentric knee mechanism to enhance the toe-clearance at mid-swing for safe level ground walking of amputees in developing countries.

Assessment of Carotid Arterial Stiffness in Community Settings With ARTSENS®.

Objective: We investigate the field feasibility of carotid stiffness measurement using ARTSENS® Touch and report the first community-level data from India.

Method: In an analytical cross-sectional survey among 1074 adults, we measured specific stiffness index ([Formula: see text]), pressure-strain elastic modulus ([Formula: see text]), arterial compliance (AC), and one-point pulse wave velocity (PWV[Formula: see text]) from the left common carotid artery. Data for established risk factors (waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma glucose, triglycerides, and HDL-C) were also collected.

Association of Serum Magnesium with Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Cataract.

Magnesium deficiency enhances oxidative stress which contributes to early development of cataract formation, and also the progression in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients remains unclear. The present study was designed to evaluate the serum levels of magnesium, oxidative stress marker and antioxidant status and to find out if there is any association between them in the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract compared with non-diabetic senile cataract, diabetes without cataract and normal healthy subjects. This comparative study includes 90 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with cataract, 90 non-diabetic senile cataract patients, 90 type 2 diabetes mellitus without cataract and 90 normal healthy individual subjects without cataract in the age group between 40 and 75 years of both genders.

Biomimetic TiO-chitosan/sodium alginate blended nanocomposite scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.

The study is aimed to synthesize potent metal oxide based biomimetic nanocomposites to overcome the risk associated with artificial bone tissue engineering. High purity TiO nanoparticles are synthesized via hydrothermal route. A biomimetic nanocomposite scaffolds containing chitosan-sodium alginate (4: 4) blended with three different (0.

Exploration of population ecological factors related to the spatial heterogeneity of dengue fever cases diagnosed through a national network of laboratories in India, 2017.

Background & Objectives: Dengue virus (DENV) transmission is known to be influenced by the environmental conditions. During 2017, the Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratories (VRDLs) tested 78,744 suspected dengue fever (DF) patients, of whom, 21,260 were laboratory confirmed. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the hypothesis that spatial heterogeneity existed for DF patients and to identify significant determinants of DENV transmission in various districts across the Indian States during 2017.

Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in rural South India: cohort study.

Background And Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) accounted for one-third of the deaths in India. We conducted a cohort study to estimate the incidence of CVD and the association of established risk factors with the incident CVD in a rural population in South India.

Design, Setting And Participants: We conducted a community-based cohort study among 6026 adults aged 25-64 years in five villages in Tiruvallur, Tamil Nadu.

Screening the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties of herbal nanoparticles prepared from leaves for textile applications.

Nanomaterials play a vital role in textile industries due to their unique properties and applications. There is an increase in the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics. Here, natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes were prepared from shade-dried plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives.

In silico prediction of monovalent and chimeric tetravalent vaccines for prevention and treatment of dengue fever.

Reverse vaccinology method was used to predict the monovalent peptide vaccine candidate to produce antibodies for therapeutic purpose and to predict tetravalent vaccine candidate to act as a common vaccine to cover all the fever dengue virus serotypes. Envelope (E)-proteins of DENV-1-4 serotypes were used for vaccine prediction using NCBI, Uniprot/Swissprot, Swiss-prot viewer, VaxiJen V2.0, TMHMM, BCPREDS, Propred-1, Propred and MHC Pred,.

In vitro and in vivo characteristics of biogenic high surface silica nanoparticles in A549 lung cancer cell lines and Danio rerio model systems for inorganic biomaterials development.

Silica based organic-inorganic hybrids are turned over the most necessitate biomaterial due to their exotic biomedical properties. Colloidal silica nanoparticles (SNPs) of high surface area are synthesized from the bamboo wastes (leave biomass) as a viable and promising alternative to synthetic silica sol through alkaline extraction process. Physico-chemical properties of the prepared silica powders are examined employing extensive characterization tools.

Hypertension treatment and control in a rural cohort in Thiruvallur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Hypertension is a public health problem with low detection and treatment rates in India. We resurveyed 1284 patients with hypertension already identified in baseline survey of the cohort in Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, India. The objective was to estimate the proportion of patients with drug treatment, hypertension control and lifestyle modification at follow-up (median follow-up 27 months).

First Virtual Live Conference in Healthcare.

Background: Conferences and meetings bring together thousands of doctors from diverse locations. However, the traveling, accommodation, and arrangement of venues for conferences and meetings are expensive and a lot of time needs to be devoted to these logistics. The purpose of this article was to present our own virtual live conference experience using web conferencing and to briefly outline the basics and advantages of this technology in organization of healthcare conferences.

In situ synthesised TiO2-chitosan-chondroitin 4-sulphate nanocomposites for bone implant applications.

The artificial materials for bone implant applications are gaining more importance in the recent years. The series titania-chitosan-chondroitin 4-sulphate nanocomposites of three different concentrations (2:1:x, where x- 0.125, 0.

In vitro and preliminary in vivo toxicity screening of high-surface-area TiO2-chondroitin-4-sulfate nanocomposites for bone regeneration application.

The goal of this study was to prepare nontoxic, biomimetic TiO2/chondroitin-4-sulfate nanocomposites with osteointegration ability for biomedical applications. Nanocomposites with higher surface area were subjected to bioactivity study and obtained bone-like layer with stoichiometric Ca/P ratio of 1.64 and 1.

Germline deletions in the tumour suppressor gene FOCAD are associated with polyposis and colorectal cancer development.

Heritable genetic variants can significantly affect the lifetime risk of developing cancer, including polyposis and colorectal cancer (CRC). Variants in genes currently known to be associated with a high risk for polyposis or CRC, however, explain only a limited number of hereditary cases. The identification of additional genetic causes is, therefore, crucial to improve CRC prevention, detection and treatment.

TiO2-graphene nanocomposites for enhanced osteocalcin induction.

Bone defects and damages are common these days, which increases the usage of biomaterial for humans. To prepare a potential biomaterial, we synthesised a series of titania-graphene nanocomposites (TGS) (2:x (0.25, 0.

The crystal structure of the DNA-binding domain of vIRF-1 from the oncogenic KSHV reveals a conserved fold for DNA binding and reinforces its role as a transcription factor.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus encodes four viral homologues to cellular interferon regulatory factors (IRFs), where the most studied is vIRF-1. Even though vIRF-1 shows sequence homology to the N-terminal DNA-binding domain (DBD) of human IRFs, a specific role for this domain in vIRF-1's function has remained uncertain. To provide insights into the function of the vIRF-1 DBD, we have determined the crystal structure of it in complex with DNA and in its apo-form.