Prospective Study on Kidney Dysfunction Markers and Risk for Mortality among South Asians.

Introduction: Associations between markers of impaired kidney function and adverse outcomes among South Asians is understudied and could differ from existing data derived mostly from North American or European cohorts.

Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis of 9797 participants from the ongoing cardiometabolic risk reduction study in South Asia, India. We examined the associations between baseline spot urine albumin-to-creatinine (UACR) ratio and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) estimating equations with all-cause mortality using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusting for baseline age, sex, diabetes, systolic blood pressure, tobacco, history of cardiovascular disease, and cholesterol.

Factors influencing diabetes treatment satisfaction in the INtegrating DEPrEssioN and Diabetes treatmENT randomized clinical trial: A multilevel model analysis.

Aims: Patient satisfaction is associated with positive diabetes outcomes. However, there are no identified studies that evaluate both patient- and clinic-level predictors influencing diabetes care satisfaction longitudinally.

Methods: Data from the INtegrating DEPrEssioN and Diabetes treatmENT trial was used to perform the analysis.

Impact of a tobacco sales ban on the frequency of tobacco consumption in India during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Measures to address the COVID-19 pandemic in India included a ban on the sale and use of tobacco products during 2020 when stay at home guidance (lockdown) was in place. In this study we examined the extent of reduction in frequency of tobacco consumption across all products.

Methods: Telephone survey was conducted between July and August 2020 across an existing cohort of tobacco users (n=801) residing in Delhi (55.

Participation in a National Lifestyle Change Program is associated with improved diabetes Control outcomes.

Aims: Clinical trials show lifestyle change programs are beneficial, yet large-scale, successful translation of these programs is scarce. We investigated the association between participation in the largest U.S.

Antioxidant impregnated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wear debris particles display increased bone remodeling and a superior osteogenic:osteolytic profile vs. conventional UHMWPE particles in a murine calvaria model.

Periprosthetic osteolysis remains a major limitation of long-term successful total hip replacements with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) bearings. As intra and extracellular reactive oxygen species are know to contribute to wear debris-induced osteoclastic bone resorption and decreased osteoblastic bone formation, antioxidant doped UHMWPE has emerged as an approach to reduce the osteolytic potential of wear debris and maintain coupled bone remodeling. To test this hypothesis in vivo, we evaluated the effects of crosslinked UHMWPE wear debris particles (AltrX(™) ), versus similar wear particles made from COVERNOX(™) containing UHMWPE (AOX(™) ), in an established murine calvaria model.

Spectroscopic and chromatographic quantification of an antioxidant-stabilized ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene.

Background: The oxidative stability of various antioxidant-containing ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) formulations has been widely reported. Depending on which specific antioxidant is used, the process by which it is incorporated into UHMWPE, and the amount of the antioxidant incorporated, there could be substantial differences in the material and toxicological properties of the UHMWPE formulation. Pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-[3,5-di tertiary butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl] propionate) (PBHP) has been extensively used as an efficient antioxidant in various applications.

Anti-oxidation treatment of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene components to decrease periprosthetic osteolysis: evaluation of osteolytic and osteogenic properties of wear debris particles in a murine calvaria model.

Wear debris-induced osteolysis remains the greatest limitation of long-term success for total joint replacements with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) bearings. To address oxidative degradation post-gamma irradiation, manufacturers are investigating the incorporation of antioxidants into PE resins. Similarly, larger molecular weight monomers have been developed to increase crosslinking and decrease wear debris, and ultimately osteolysis.

Stir bar sorptive extraction combined with GC-MS/MS for determination of low level leachable components from implantable medical devices.

Identification and determination of leachable components are essential for the safety assessment of implantable medical devices. The safety concern threshold (SCT) for leachable components is 0.15 μg/day for genotoxic or carcinogenic compounds and 1.

Cost effectiveness of ACE inhibitor treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Current guidelines recommend treating patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with ACE inhibitors after the onset of microalbuminuria. Recent clinical trials have shown ACE inhibitors can affect the development of nephropathy when initiated prior to the onset of microalbuminuria. Our objective is to examine the cost effectiveness of treating adults aged over 20 years with an ACE inhibitor (captopril) immediately following diagnosis of type 1 diabetes versus treating them after the onset of microalbuminuria.